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排序方式: 共有1004条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
John de Kruif Arjen Kramer Therèse Visser Carina Clements Roy Nijhuis Freek Cox Vanessa van der Zande Renate Smit Daniel Pinto Mark Throsby Ton Logtenberg 《Journal of molecular biology》2009,387(3):548-4235
To study the contribution of antibody light (L) chains to the diversity and binding properties of immune repertoires, a phage display repertoire was constructed from a single human antibody L chain and a large collection of antibody heavy (H) chains harvested from the blood of two human donors immunized with tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine. After selection for binding to TT, 129 unique antibodies representing 53 variable immunoglobulin H chain (VH) gene rearrangements were isolated. This panel of anti-TT antibodies restricted to a single variable immunoglobulin L chain (VL) could be organized into 17 groups binding non-competing epitopes on the TT molecule. Comparison of the VH regions in this VL-restricted panel with a previously published repertoire of anti-TT VH regions with cognate VH-VL pairing showed a very similar distribution of VH, DH and JH gene segment utilization and length of the complementarity-determining region 3 of the H chain. Surface plasmon resonance analysis of the single-VL anti-TT repertoire unveiled a range of affinities, with a median monovalent affinity of 2 nM. When the single-VL anti-TT VH repertoire was combined with a collection of naïve VL regions and again selected for binding to TT, many of the VH genes were recovered in combination with a diversity of VL regions. The affinities of a panel of antibodies consisting of a single promiscuous anti-TT VH combined with 15 diverse VL chains were determined and found to be identical to each other and to the original isolate restricted to a single-VL chain. Based on previous estimates of the clonal size of the human anti-TT repertoire, we conclude that up to 25% of human anti-TT-encoding VH regions from an immunized repertoire have promiscuous features. These VH regions readily combine with a single antibody L chain to result in a large panel of anti-TT antibodies that conserve the expected epitope diversity, VH region diversity and affinity of a natural repertoire. 相似文献
942.
Jiang J Lin P Hoang M Chang L Tan C Feighner S Palyha OC Hreniuk DL Pan J Sailer AW Morin NR MacNeil DJ Howard AD Van der Ploeg LH Goulet MT DeVita RJ 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2006,16(20):5275-5279
Structure-activity relationships of a 4-aminoquinoline MCH1R antagonist lead series were explored by synthesis of analogs with modifications at the 2-, 4-, and 6-positions of the original HTS hit. Improvements to the original screening lead included lipophilic groups at the 2-position and biphenyl, cyclohexyl phenyl, and hydrocinnamyl carboxamides at the 6-position. Modifications of the 4-amino group were not well tolerated. 相似文献
943.
Mathews II Krishna SS Schwarzenbacher R McMullan D Abdubek P Ambing E Canaves JM Chiu HJ Deacon AM DiDonato M Elsliger MA Godzik A Grittini C Grzechnik SK Hale J Hampton E Han GW Haugen J Jaroszewski L Klock HE Koesema E Kreusch A Kuhn P Lesley SA Levin I Miller MD Moy K Nigoghossian E Paulsen J Quijano K Reyes R Spraggon G Stevens RC van den Bedem H Velasquez J White A Wolf G Xu Q Hodgson KO Wooley J Wilson IA 《Proteins》2006,63(4):1106-1111
944.
Kosloff M Han GW Krishna SS Schwarzenbacher R Fasnacht M Elsliger MA Abdubek P Agarwalla S Ambing E Astakhova T Axelrod HL Canaves JM Carlton D Chiu HJ Clayton T DiDonato M Duan L Feuerhelm J Grittini C Grzechnik SK Hale J Hampton E Haugen J Jaroszewski L Jin KK Johnson H Klock HE Knuth MW Koesema E Kreusch A Kuhn P Levin I McMullan D Miller MD Morse AT Moy K Nigoghossian E Okach L Oommachen S Page R Paulsen J Quijano K Reyes R Rife CL Sims E Spraggon G Sridhar V Stevens RC van den Bedem H 《Proteins》2006,65(3):527-537
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a diverse superfamily of enzymes found in organisms from all kingdoms of life. GSTs are involved in diverse processes, notably small-molecule biosynthesis or detoxification, and are frequently also used in protein engineering studies or as biotechnology tools. Here, we report the high-resolution X-ray structure of Atu5508 from the pathogenic soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (atGST1). Through use of comparative sequence and structural analysis of the GST superfamily, we identified local sequence and structural signatures, which allowed us to distinguish between different GST classes. This approach enables GST classification based on structure, without requiring additional biochemical or immunological data. Consequently, analysis of the atGST1 crystal structure suggests a new GST class, distinct from previously characterized GSTs, which would make it an attractive target for further biochemical studies. 相似文献
945.
Xu Q Schwarzenbacher R McMullan D Abdubek P Agarwalla S Ambing E Axelrod H Biorac T Canaves JM Chiu HJ Deacon AM DiDonato M Elsliger MA Godzik A Grittini C Grzechnik SK Hale J Hampton E Han GW Haugen J Hornsby M Jaroszewski L Klock HE Koesema E Kreusch A Kuhn P Lesley SA Miller MD Moy K Nigoghossian E Paulsen J Quijano K Reyes R Rife C Spraggon G Stevens RC van den Bedem H Velasquez J White A Wolf G Hodgson KO Wooley J Wilson IA 《Proteins》2006,62(1):292-296
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950.
Jennifer L. Faulwetter Vincent Gagnon Carina Sundberg Florent Chazarenc Mark D. Burr Jacques Brisson Anne K. Camper Otto R. Stein 《Ecological Engineering》2009,35(6):987-1004
This review summarizes the microbial mechanisms responsible for removal of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur compounds in treatment wetlands (TWs) and identifies, categorizes and compares various techniques, from plate count to more modern genomic methods used to elucidate these mechanisms. Removal of a particular pollutant is typically associated with a specific microbial functional group, therefore employment of design and operational methodologies that enhance the activity of that group will better optimize performance. Redox condition is a manipulable parameter that can be used to optimize growth of a targeted functional group, therefore factors influencing the TW redox condition and its influence on organic carbon removal mechanisms are emphasized. Environmental factors influencing growth and activity of N and S cycling microbes (including temperature, pH, salinity, plant species selection and availability of organic carbon and/or inhibiting substances) are discussed with particular attention to factors that might be manipulated. This information is used to offer design and operational methodologies that might enhance growth of a desirable microbial functional group and project what additional microbially-focused research is required to better optimize TW performance. 相似文献