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51.
52.
Denitrification in Aquifer Soil and Nearshore Marine Sediments Influenced by Groundwater Nitrate 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
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We estimated rates of denitrification at various depths in sediments known to be affected by submarine discharge of groundwater, and also in the parent aquifer. Surface denitrification was only measured in the autumn; at 40-cm depth, where groundwater-imported nitrate has been measured, denitrification occurred consistently throughout the year, at rates from 0.14 to 2.8 ng-atom of N g−1 day−1. Denitrification consistently occurred below the zone of sulfate reduction and was sometimes comparable to it in magnitude. Denitrification occurred deep (14 to 40 cm) in the sediments along 30 km of shoreline, with highest rates occurring where groundwater input was greatest. Denitrification rates decreased with distance offshore, as does groundwater influx. Added glucose greatly stimulated denitrification at depth, but added nitrate did not. High rates of denitrification were measured in the aquifer (17 ng-atom of N g−1 day−1), and added nitrate did stimulate denitrification there. The denitrification measured was enough to remove 46% of the nitrate decrease observed between 40- and 14-cm depth in the sediment. 相似文献
53.
Ammonium Production in Sediments Inhibited with Molybdate: Implications for the Sources of Ammonium in Anoxic Marine Sediments
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Ammonium production in the presence of specific inhibitors of sulfate reduction and methanogenesis was investigated in six marine sediments which differed in bulk properties and organic matter input. In all cases, little effect of the inhibitors on ammonium production was observed, although sulfate reduction was suppressed by molybdate. This gives evidence that the processes of fermentation and hydrolysis are of primary importance in ammonium generation at the sites studied. Although sulfate reduction rates may appear to be coupled to ammonium production rates, sulfate reduction does not necessarily contribute directly to generation of ammonium in marine environments. 相似文献
54.
Breakdown points of t-type regression estimators 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
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Persichini T De Francesco G Capone C Cutone A di Patti MC Colasanti M Musci G 《Neurochemistry international》2012,60(4):360-364
The ceruloplasmin mutant R701W, that causes a dramatic phenotype in the young heterozygous patient carrying this mutation, has been shown to have profound effects also in cell culture models. Here we show that Golgi rearrangement and degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin, that follow transfection of cells with this mutant, are accompanied by the massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. Scavenging ROS production with different antioxidants, including reduced glutathione and zinc, restores Golgi morphology and rescues ferroportin on the cell membrane. 相似文献
58.
Tarantino U Capone A Planta M D'Arienzo M Letizia Mauro G Impagliazzo A Formica A Pallotta F Patella V Spinarelli A Pazzaglia U Zarattini G Roselli M Montanari G Sessa G Privitera M Verdoia C Corradini C Feola M Padolino A Saturnino L Scialdoni A Rao C Iolascon G Brandi ML Piscitelli P 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(6):R226-9
Introduction
We aimed to assess the incidence and hospitalization rate of hip and "minor" fragility fractures in the Italian population.Methods
We carried out a 3-year survey at 10 major Italian emergency departments to evaluate the hospitalization rate of hip, forearm, humeral, ankle, and vertebral fragility fractures in people 45 years or older between 2004 and 2006, both men and women. These data were compared with those recorded in the national hospitalizations database (SDO) to assess the overall incidence of fragility fractures occurring at hip and other sites, including also those events not resulting in hospital admissions.Results
We observed 29,017 fractures across 3 years, with hospitalization rates of 93.0% for hip fractures, 36.3% for humeral fractures, 31.3% for ankle fractures, 22.6% for forearm/wrist fractures, and 27.6% for clinical vertebral fractures. According to the analyses performed with the Italian hospitalization database in year 2006, we estimated an annual incidence of 87,000 hip, 48,000 humeral, 36,000 ankle, 85,000 wrist, and 155,000 vertebral fragility fractures in people aged 45 years or older (thus resulting in almost 410,000 new fractures per year). Clinical vertebral fractures were recorded in 47,000 events per year.Conclusions
The burden of fragility fractures in the Italian population is very high and calls for effective preventive strategies. 相似文献59.
Costantini S Capone F Guerriero E Maio P Colonna G Castello G 《European cytokine network》2010,21(4):251-256
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can present as an acute manifestation, and can lead to severe complications such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It represents a global health problem because there is no vaccine currently available. Cytokines play an important role in viral clearance, infection control, inflammation, regeneration and fibrosis, and also are implicated in the pathological processes occurring in the liver during viral infection. Immunological markers of chronic HCV hepatitis progression as compared to cirrhosis and HCC would be extremely useful, particularly for distinguishing between the molecules produced during HCV-induced chronic inflammation and those secreted during cirrhosis and HCC. In this work, we evaluated the serum levels of several cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in 30 patients affected by chronic HCV (HC), 30 patients affected by HCV-related cirrhosis (LC) and 20 healthy, control subjects. We used a multiplex biometric ELISA-based immunoassay in order to identify molecules that might be useful for monitoring the progression of HCV to liver cirrhosis and, possibly, to cancer. Our results show that some pro-inflammatory molecules are significantly up-regulated, and play a role as immunological markers in the intermediate steps towards liver cancer, and that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a specific marker of liver cirrhosis. Finally, these data will be used to define a cytokinome profile, which might prove useful for studies involving the transition of chronic inflammation to neoplastic processes. 相似文献
60.
Capone D Wanke B Monteiro PC Lazéra MS de Noronha Andrade G do Valle AC Moreno AM Londero AT 《Mycopathologia》1999,145(2):75-79
Three cases of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis affecting aged patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are reported.
They had a history of recurrent episodes of respiratory infection and presented radiological lung lesions inducing a misdiagnosis
of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis of the adults. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis, suggested by the immunodiffusion test and
the detection of yeastlike cells in smeared and stained sputum, was confirmed by the isolation and identification of Histoplasma
capsulatum var. capsulatum in selective media. The treatment was carried out with amphothericin B and ketoconazole or itraconazole.
Clinical, radiologic, mycologic and serologic improvement was obtained in all the patients. However, relapses occurred within
a period of 1 to 18 months after the interruption of the treatment. Mycological diagnosis and the difficulties observed in
the tretament were discussed. In addition data on the epidemiology of histoplasmosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
were presented.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献