鸭瘟病毒gB蛋白N端主要抗原域的表达及间接ELISA检测

在分析鸭瘟病毒gB蛋白抗原性的基础上,设计一对引物克隆gB蛋白N端抗原性较好的抗原域编码基因.将克隆的基因定向插入pET-32a的EcoR Ⅰ和HindⅢ之间,构建了gB蛋白主要抗原域原核表达载体pET-gB1.将pET-gB1质粒转化BL(21)宿主菌后,对培养和表达条件进行了优化,实现了DPV gB蛋白主要抗原域的高效表达.免疫印迹试验表明获得的表达产物具有良好的反应原性.应用His·Bind亲和层析柱纯化重组DPV gB蛋白,以纯化的重组gB1蛋白作为检测抗原,初步建立了检测鸭瘟病毒抗体的igB1-ELISA.结果表明,抗原的最佳包被浓度为6.5μg/mL,血清的最佳稀释度为1∶80,阳性标准初步定为:待检血清OD490＞0.4,且待检血清OD490/阴性血清OD490＞2.应用igB1-ELISA对鸭血清样品进行检测,结果表明igB1-ELISA与全病毒包被的iDPV-ELISA符合率达到95.6%.     

硫色曲霉β-甘露聚糖酶在毕赤酵母中的组成型分泌表达

目的：构建硫色曲霉β-甘露聚糖酶的毕赤酵母组成型分泌表达菌株,研究重组菌株的产酶水平。方法：EcoR I／Xba I双酶切质粒pPIC-mann-opt,琼脂糖凝胶电泳、回收目的基因片段后,与组成型毕赤酵母表达载体pGAPzαA连接,转化大肠杆菌,经筛选获得含有pGAP-mann-opt的重组克隆;提取pGAP-mann-opt,用限制性内切酶BspH I线性化后,转化毕赤酵母X-33感受态细胞,进行Zeocin抗性筛选和PCR鉴定。结果：获得了重组菌株,重组菌株在YPD培养基中摇瓶发酵24h,上清液酶活达到343U／mL,产酶蛋白约为1.0mg／mL。结论：构建的硫色曲霉β-甘露聚糖酶组成型表达菌株具有较好的应用前景。     

Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptor ITIC‐Th: A Novel Stabilizer for Halide Perovskite Precursor Solution

Solution‐processed perovskite solar cells have great potential for low‐cost roll‐to‐roll fabrication. However, the degradation of aged precursor solutions will become a critical obstacle to mass production. In this report, a small molecule (ITIC‐Th) is employed to stabilize the perovskite precursor solution containing mixed cations and halides. It is found that ITIC‐Th can effectively suppress the formation of yellow δ‐phase in the films made from aged precursor solutions. Consequently, the devices fabricated from the aged precursor solution with ITIC‐Th experience much less efficiency drop with the increase of the precursor aging time—from 19.20% (fresh) to 16.55% (39 d), compared with the devices made from conventional precursor solutions dropping from 18.07% (fresh) to 1.76% (39 d). The characterizations suggest that ITIC‐Th is beneficial for CH₃NH₃⁺ cations to be incorporated into the crystal structure, facilitating the formation of perovskite phase. Furthermore, the presence of ITIC‐Th in the perovskite thin film gives rise to additional photocurrent as well as improved fill factor due to the well‐matched energy levels, the passivation of defects, and the complementary absorption spectra, suggesting a new route toward future high‐efficiency solar cells—incorporating organic non‐fullerene acceptors and halide perovskite materials into the same active layer.     

In-fusion expression and characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-xylanase and <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-1,3-1,4-glucanase in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pichia pastoris</Emphasis>

Two chimeric genes, XynA-Bs-Glu-1 and XynA-Bs-Glu-2, encoding Aspergillus sulphureus β-xylanase (XynA, 26 kDa) and Bacillus subtilis β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (Bs-Glu, 30 kDa), were constructed via in-fusion by different linkers and expressed successfully in Pichia pastoris. The fusion protein (50 kDa) exhibited both β-xylanase and β-1,3-1,4-glucanase activities. Compared with parental enzymes, the moiety activities were decreased in fermentation supernatants. Parental XynA and Bs-Glu were superior to corresponding moieties in each fusion enzymes because of lower K_n higher k_cat. Despite some variations, common optima were generally 50°C and pH 3.4 for the XynA moiety and parent, and 40°C and pH 6.4 for the Bs-Glu counterparts. Thus, the fusion enzyme XynA-Bs-Glu-1 and XynA-Bs-Glu-2 were bifunctional.     

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Inhibition of Progression and Growth of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Castration-resistant progression of prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapies remains the most critical challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer. Resurgent androgen receptor (AR) activity is an established driver of castration-resistant progression, and upregulation of the full-length AR (AR-FL) and constitutively-active AR splice variants (AR-Vs) has been implicated to contribute to the resurgent AR activity. We reported previously that ginsenoside 20(S)-protopanaxadiol-aglycone (PPD) can reduce the abundance of both AR-FL and AR-Vs. In the present study, we further showed that the effect of PPD on AR expression and target genes was independent of androgen. PPD treatment resulted in a suppression of ligand-independent AR transactivation. Moreover, PPD delayed castration-resistant regrowth of LNCaP xenograft tumors after androgen deprivation and inhibited the growth of castration-resistant 22Rv1 xenograft tumors with endogenous expression of AR-FL and AR-Vs. This was accompanied by a decline in serum prostate-specific antigen levels as well as a decrease in AR levels and mitoses in the tumors. Notably, the 22Rv1 xenograft tumors were resistant to growth inhibition by the next-generation anti-androgen enzalutamide. The present study represents the first to show the preclinical efficacy of PPD in inhibiting castration-resistant progression and growth of prostate cancer. The findings provide a rationale for further developing PPD or its analogues for prostate cancer therapy.     

Colors of night: climate–morphology relationships of geometrid moths along spatial gradients in southwestern China

Oecologia - Color lightness of insects is an important ecological trait affecting their performance through multiple functions such as thermoregulation, UV protection and disease resistance. The...     

LipidSeq: a next-generation clinical resequencing panel for monogenic dyslipidemias

We report the design of a targeted resequencing panel for monogenic dyslipidemias, LipidSeq, for the purpose of replacing Sanger sequencing in the clinical detection of dyslipidemia-causing variants. We also evaluate the performance of the LipidSeq approach versus Sanger sequencing in 84 patients with a range of phenotypes including extreme blood lipid concentrations as well as additional dyslipidemias and related metabolic disorders. The panel performs well, with high concordance (95.2%) in samples with known mutations based on Sanger sequencing and a high detection rate (57.9%) of mutations likely to be causative for disease in samples not previously sequenced. Clinical implementation of LipidSeq has the potential to aid in the molecular diagnosis of patients with monogenic dyslipidemias with a high degree of speed and accuracy and at lower cost than either Sanger sequencing or whole exome sequencing. Furthermore, LipidSeq will help to provide a more focused picture of monogenic and polygenic contributors that underlie dyslipidemia while excluding the discovery of incidental pathogenic clinically actionable variants in nonmetabolism-related genes, such as oncogenes, that would otherwise be identified by a whole exome approach, thus minimizing potential ethical issues.     

基于土地利用变化情景的生态系统服务价值评估: 以钱江源国家公园体制试点区为例

土地利用变化是生物多样性与生态系统服务变化的主要原因之一。评估土地利用变化对生物多样与生态系统服务影响对于政府决策具有重要作用。钱江源国家公园体制试点区是钱塘江的源头, 也是国家的重点生态功能区。本研究以钱江源国家公园体制试点区为研究区, 首先设计自然发展情景、规划情景、生态保护情景和开发利用情景等4种2025年不同土地利用变化情景, 随后采用InVEST模型和CLUE-S模型分析不同情景下钱江源国家公园水资源供给、涵养水源、固碳释氧、土壤保持、环境净化和生境质量等生态系统服务及其价值变化。结果表明: (1)核心保护区和生态保育区的生态系统服务价值占钱江源国家公园总价值的88.30%。(2)生态保护情景下钱江源国家公园生态系统服务价值最高, 有129.17亿元; 规划情景下生态系统服务价值次之, 有126.92亿元。(3)规划情景下钱江源国家公园水资源供给服务优于生态保护情景, 其他生态系统服务则次于生态保护情景。考虑到钱江源国家公园为下游提供重要的水资源这一功能, 将规划情景作为试点区2025年最优的土地利用变化情景。