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排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
51.
52.
Marina Maggiora Manuela Oraldi Giuliana Muzio Rosa Angela Canuto 《Cell biochemistry and function》2010,28(7):571-577
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs) mediate the effects of various ligands, known as peroxisome proliferators, a heterogeneous class of compounds including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and biomolecules such as fatty acids and eicosanoids. Among peroxisome proliferators, fibrate derivatives are considered specific ligands for PPARα, whereas eicosanoids, such as PGJ2, for PPARγ. The study aimed to clarify the relation between PPARs and apoptosis or proliferation on the same type of cells, using clofibrate as specific ligand of PPARα and PGJ2 as specific ligand of PPARγ. The cells used were human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. The results showed that PPARα protein content increased in HepG2 cells treated with clofibrate, causing apoptosis in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent way, as evidenced by the citofluorimetric assay and determination of BAD, myc and protein phosphatase 2A protein content. It also emerged that PPARγ increased in the same cells when treated with a specific ligand of this PPAR; in this case the increase of PPARγ did not cause an increase of apoptosis, but a time‐ and concentration‐dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, evidenced by decreased cell numbers and increased number of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cycle. It may be concluded that PPARα is chiefly related to apoptosis and PPARγ to cell proliferation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
53.
The activity of microsomal aminopyrine demethylase and the degree of association between ribosomes and endoplasmic membranes were studied in liver of ethionine-fed rats, as well as in hyperplastic nodules and in hepatoma. In the course of the ethionine-feeding, inhibition of aminopyrine demethylase and increase in the relative amounts of membrane-free ribosomes occured in liver cells. After 1–3 months from the end of the ethionine feeding, when hyperplastic nodules and hepatoma develop in the liver, a sharp inhibition of aminopyrine demethylase was found in the latter tissues, but not in the surrounding nonnodular liver. At the same time an increase of membrane-free ribosomes occured in surrounding nonnodular liver, in nodules and in hepatoma. The extent of this alteration, however, was significantly lower in surrounding nonnodular liver than in nodules and in hepatoma. These results are discussed in relation to the problem of the cellular precursors of hepatoma. 相似文献
54.
Quantitation of junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors by electron microscope autoradiography after (125)I-α-bungarotoxin binding at mouse neuromuscular junctions 下载免费PDF全文
The distribution and quantitation of 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BTX) binding sites and thus acetylcholine receptor (AChR) were determined in mouse sternomastoid muscle by electron microscope autoradiography. We found that a valid criterion for receptor saturation at the neuromuscular junction was the complete elimination of neurally evoked tetanic muscle contractions, since, when such a criterion was used for the endpoint of toxin incubation, alpha-BTX was bound to approximately 90% of total available endplate sites. When, without implying localization, the presynaptic axonal membrane was used as a convenient reference structure, the concentration of alpha-BTX relative to this membrane was determined to be 46,000 +/- 27% sites/mum2. 相似文献
55.
Shan F Clarke HC Plummer JA Yan G Siddique KH 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,110(2):381-391
Cicer reticulatum, C. echinospermum, C. bijugum, C. judaicum, C. pinnatifidum, C. cuneatum and C. yamashitae are wild annual Cicer species and potential donors of valuable traits to improve chickpea (C. arietinum). As part of a large project to characterize and evaluate wild annual Cicer collections held in the world gene banks, AFLP markers were used to study genetic variation in these species. The main aim of this study was to characterize geographical patterns of genetic variation in wild annual Cicer germplasm. Phylogenetic analysis of 146 wild annual Cicer accessions (including two accessions in the perennial C. anatolicum and six cultivars of chickpea) revealed four distinct groups corresponding well to primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools of chickpea. Some possible misidentified or mislabelled accessions were identified, and ILWC 242 is proposed as a hybrid between C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum. The extent of genetic diversity varied considerably and was unbalanced between species with greatest genetic diversity found in C. judaicum. For the first time geographic patterns of genetic variation in C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum, C. bijugum, C. judaicum and C. pinnatifidum were established using AFLP markers. Based on the current collections the maximum genetic diversity of C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum, C. bijugum and C. pinnatifidum was found in southeastern Turkey, while Palestine was the centre of maximum genetic variation for C. judaicum. This information provides a solid basis for the design of future collections and in situ conservation programs for wild annual Cicer. 相似文献
56.
The set of fuzzy connectives can be seen as an important combination tool, such as in combining the antecedent sets of the rules, in multi-criteria decision making and in combining the outputs of neural classifiers in a multi-neural system. This papers investigates the performance of some fuzzy combination schemes applied to a multi hybrid neural system which is composed of neural and fuzzy neural networks. An empirical evaluation in a handwritten numeral recognition task is used to investigate the performance of the presented fuzzy methods with some existing combination methods. 相似文献
57.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a superfamily of several isoenzymes widely expressed in bacteria, yeast, plant and animals. Three major classes of ALDHs have been traditionally identified, classes 1, 2 and 3. Both exogenous and endogenous aldehydes, including aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation, are oxidized by the ALDH superfamily. Several changes in ALDH isoenzyme expression take place in hepatoma cells, in particular cytosolic class 3 ALDH (ALDH3), not expressed in normal hepatocytes, appears and increases with the degree of deviation. It has been demonstrated that cytosolic ALDH3 is important in determining the resistance of tumor cells to antitumor drugs, such as cyclophosphamide. Moreover, hepatoma-associated ALDH3 seems to be important in metabolizing aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation, and in particular the cytostatic aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). We demonstrated previously that restoring endogenous lipid peroxidation in hepatoma cells by enriching them with arachidonic acid causes a decrease of mRNA, protein and enzyme activity of ALDH3 and that this decrease reduces cell growth and/or causes cell death, depending on basal class 3 ALDH activity. To confirm the correlation between inhibition of class 3 ALDH and reduction of cell proliferation, we exposed hepatoma cells to antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs) against ALDH3. In JM2 hepatoma cell line, with high ALDH3 activity, the exposure to antisense ODNs significantly decreases mRNA and enzyme activity (90%). At the same time, cell growth was reduced by about 70%. The results confirm that in hepatoma cells ALDH3 expression is closely related with cell growth, and that its inhibition is important in reducing the proliferation of hepatoma cells overexpressing ALDH3. 相似文献
58.
KAP1 regulates endogenous retroviruses in adult human cells and contributes to innate immune control 下载免费PDF全文
Christopher HC Tie Liane Fernandes Lucia Conde Luisa Robbez‐Masson Rebecca P Sumner Tom Peacock Maria Teresa Rodriguez‐Plata Greta Mickute Robert Gifford Greg J Towers Javier Herrero Helen M Rowe 《EMBO reports》2018,19(10)
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) have accumulated in vertebrate genomes and contribute to the complexity of gene regulation. KAP1 represses ERVs during development by its recruitment to their repetitive sequences through KRAB zinc‐finger proteins (KZNFs), but little is known about the regulation of ERVs in adult tissues. We observed that KAP1 repression of HERVK14C was conserved in differentiated human cells and performed KAP1 knockout to obtain an overview of KAP1 function. Our results show that KAP1 represses ERVs (including HERV‐T and HERV‐S) and ZNF genes, both of which overlap with KAP1 binding sites and H3K9me3 in multiple cell types. Furthermore, this pathway is functionally conserved in adult human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cytosine methylation that acts on KAP1 regulated loci is necessary to prevent an interferon response, and KAP1‐depletion leads to activation of some interferon‐stimulated genes. Finally, loss of KAP1 leads to a decrease in H3K9me3 enrichment at ERVs and ZNF genes and an RNA‐sensing response mediated through MAVS signaling. These data indicate that the KAP1‐KZNF pathway contributes to genome stability and innate immune control in adult human cells. 相似文献
59.
Abhilash K Venugopal S Sameer Kumar Ghantasala Lakshmi Dhevi N Selvan Anita Mahadevan Santosh Renuse Praveen Kumar Harsh Pawar Nandini A Sahasrabhuddhe Mooriyath S Suja Yarappa L Ramachandra Thottethodi S Keshava Prasad Shampur N Madhusudhana Harsha HC Raghothama Chaerkady Parthasarathy Satishchandra Akhilesh Pandey Susarla K Shankar 《Clinical proteomics》2013,10(1):3
Introduction
Rabies is a fatal acute viral disease of the central nervous system, which is a serious public health problem in Asian and African countries. Based on the clinical presentation, rabies can be classified into encephalitic (furious) or paralytic (numb) rabies. Early diagnosis of this disease is particularly important as rabies is invariably fatal if adequate post exposure prophylaxis is not administered immediately following the bite.Methods
In this study, we carried out a quantitative proteomic analysis of the human brain tissue from cases of encephalitic and paralytic rabies along with normal human brain tissues using an 8-plex isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy.Results and conclusion
We identified 402 proteins, of which a number of proteins were differentially expressed between encephalitic and paralytic rabies, including several novel proteins. The differentially expressed molecules included karyopherin alpha 4 (KPNA4), which was overexpressed only in paralytic rabies, calcium calmodulin dependent kinase 2 alpha (CAMK2A), which was upregulated in paralytic rabies group and glutamate ammonia ligase (GLUL), which was overexpressed in paralytic as well as encephalitic rabies. We validated two of the upregulated molecules, GLUL and CAMK2A, by dot blot assays and further validated CAMK2A by immunohistochemistry. These molecules need to be further investigated in body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid in a larger cohort of rabies cases to determine their potential use as antemortem diagnostic biomarkers in rabies. This is the first study to systematically profile clinical subtypes of human rabies using an iTRAQ quantitative proteomics approach. 相似文献60.
Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad Renu Verma Satish Kumar Raja Sekhar Nirujogi Gajanan J Sathe Anil K Madugundu Jyoti Sharma Vinuth N Puttamallesh Anjali Ganjiwale Vithal P Myneedu Aditi Chatterjee Akhilesh Pandey HC Harsha Jayasuryan Narayana 《Clinical proteomics》2013,10(1):8