输尿管软镜结合输尿管硬镜治疗复杂上尿路结石的效果评价及对预后的影响

目的 探讨输尿管软镜协同输尿管硬镜治疗复杂上尿路结石的临床效果.方法 选择我院收治的复杂上尿路结石患者96例,按入院顺序分为对照组和观察组,每组48例.对照组采取输尿管硬镜钬激光碎石术治疗,观察组采取输尿管软镜协同输尿管硬镜钬激光碎石术治疗.比较两组患者1次性碎石成功率、结石彻底清除率、炎症反应情况以及生活质量、住院时...     

参麦注射液联合西药对急性心肌梗死患者疗效及机制研究

目的:研究参麦注射液联合西药对急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及机制。方法:选择我院2016年3月~2019年12月收治的101例急性心肌梗死患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组口服替格瑞洛治疗,观察组联用参麦注射液治疗,观察两组治疗的疗效及治疗前后血浆乳酸、脑钠肽(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)和血清降钙素原(Procalcitonin,PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(Hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平及心功能指标变化。结果:观察组的有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前的血浆乳酸、BNP和PCT、hs-CRP水平无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组的上述指标明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前的左心室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左心室舒张期末内径(End diastolic diameter of left ventricle,LVEDd)、CO和左心室收缩末期直径(leftventricular end systolic diameter,LVESd)无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组的上述指标明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的药物不良反应率为14.00%(7/50),与对照组的11.76%(6/51)相比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:参麦注射液联合替格瑞洛能减轻急性心肌梗死患者体内的炎症反应,改善心功能,可能与其机制有关。     

Glucosamine protects against radiation‐induced lung injury via inhibition of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition

Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatments for chest tumours. Although there are plenty of strategies to prevent damage to normal lung tissues, it cannot be avoided with the emergence of radiation‐induced lung injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of glucosamine, which exerted anti‐inflammatory activity in joint inflammation. In this study, we found glucosamine relieved inflammatory response and structural damages in lung tissues after radiation via HE staining. Then, we detected the level of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition marker in vitro and in vivo, which we could clearly observe that glucosamine treatment inhibited epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Besides, we found glucosamine could inhibit apoptosis and promote proliferation of normal lung epithelial cells in vitro caused by radiation. In conclusion, our data showed that glucosamine alleviated radiation‐induced lung injury via inhibiting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, which indicated glucosamine could be a novel potential radioprotector for radiation‐induced lung injury.     

A biotechnology‐based male‐sterility system for hybrid seed production in tomato

Incorporating male sterility into hybrid seed production reduces its cost and ensures high varietal purity. Despite these advantages, male‐sterile lines have not been widely used to produce tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid seeds. We describe the development of a biotechnology‐based breeding platform that utilized genic male sterility to produce hybrid seeds. In this platform, we generated a novel male‐sterile tomato line by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9)‐mediated mutagenesis of a stamen‐specific gene SlSTR1 and devised a transgenic maintainer by transforming male‐sterile plants with a fertility‐restoration gene linked to a seedling‐colour gene. Offspring of crosses between a hemizygous maintainer and the homozygous male‐sterile plant segregated into 50% non‐transgenic male‐sterile plants and 50% male‐fertile maintainer plants, which could be easily distinguished by seedling colour. This system has great practical potential for hybrid seed breeding and production as it overcomes the problems intrinsic to other male‐sterility systems and can be easily adapted for a range of tomato cultivars and diverse vegetable crops.     

6种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫的毒力测定及风险评估

采用药膜法分别测定了10％甲维盐·茚虫威悬浮剂、12％甲维盐·虫螨腈悬浮剂、12％虫螨腈·虱螨脲悬浮剂、14％呋虫胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、22％吡虫啉·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和6％吡虫啉·高效氯氟氰菊酯悬浮剂6种复配杀虫剂对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus幼虫急性毒性,并进行了初级风险评...     

贺兰山东坡低山区植被种类组成区域分异与植被性质的分析

本文以定量和定性分析相结合,分析了贺兰山东坡海拔1200—1900m低山区范围内植被种类组成的区域分异、植被性质及生态条件的区域分异特点。结果表明,该范围内务主要植被类型具有荒漠草原或荒漠草原化的共同特点,其种类组成均在北、中、南不同地段存在一定差异。此差异反映出本区海拔1600m以上的中部地段及其以下的北部地段分别是生态环境最湿润和最干旱的区域．     

Authentic and recombinant bilirubin oxidases are in different resting forms

Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase expressed in Aspergillus oryzae is in a resting form different from that of the authentic bilirubin oxidase, but reaches the resting form of the authentic enzyme after one cycle of reduction and reoxidation with dioxygen as shown by the absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra.     

Novel P450(17alpha) inhibitors: 17-(2'-oxazolyl)- and 17-(2'-thiazolyl)-androstene derivatives

Twelve 17-(2'-oxazolyl)- and 17-(2'-thiazolyl)-androsta-5,16-diene derivatives were designed and synthesized from 3 beta-acetoxy-pregna-5,16-dien-20-one (1b) as inhibitors of 17 alpha-hydroxylase-C(17,20)-lyase (P450(17 alpha)). Potent inhibitors of this enzyme could be of value as treatment of prostate cancer. Two substituents (methyl and phenyl) were introduced either at their 4'- or 5'-position in order to investigate their structure-activity relationship. Due to the 16,17-double bond, 17-thiazoles were generally obtained in low yield. The pharmacological results showed that the compounds containing 17-(2'-oxazolyl) (14c) and 17-(2'-thiazolyl) (8c) (41.5%) demonstrated reasonable inhibition against P450(17 alpha). Their 3-acetate (13c and 7c) were less potent than their 3-OH counterparts. The introduction of a phenyl or methyl group generally decreased inhibitory activity. Surprisingly, 17-(5'-methyl-2'-thiazolyl) (12a) was the most potent compound in this series and was almost as potent as L-39, which has good antitumor activity.     

NMDA receptors in dopaminergic neurons are crucial for habit learning

Dopamine is crucial for habit learning. Activities of midbrain dopaminergic neurons are regulated by the cortical and subcortical signals among which glutamatergic afferents provide excitatory inputs. Cognitive implications of glutamatergic afferents in regulating and engaging dopamine signals during habit learning, however, remain unclear. Here, we show that mice with dopaminergic neuron-specific NMDAR1 deletion are impaired in a variety of habit-learning tasks, while normal in some other dopamine-modulated functions such as locomotor activities, goal-directed learning, and spatial reference memories. In vivo neural recording revealed that dopaminergic neurons in these mutant mice could still develop the cue-reward association responses; however, their conditioned response robustness was drastically blunted. Our results suggest that integration of glutamatergic inputs to DA neurons by NMDA receptors, likely by regulating associative activity patterns, is a crucial part of the cellular mechanism underpinning habit learning.     

增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物功能基因丰度的影响

为探讨温度升高和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物的影响,于2017年7月采集多年冻土区泥炭地表层(0—10 cm和10—20 cm)土壤样品,在10、15℃两个温度下开展为期42d的增温模拟试验,同时设置葡萄糖添加处理,利用荧光定量PCR技术分析泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度变化,同时分析增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤活性碳组分和无机氮含量的影响。结果表明:温度升高可导致北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度以及群落结构变化,0—10 cm土壤微生物比10—20 cm土壤微生物更加敏感。增温条件下微生物首先快速分解活性有机碳,同时温度升高加快土壤氮周转速率,增加有效氮含量。外源碳输入整体提高了深层土壤微生物丰度,使得10—20 cm土壤细菌、产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌、氨氧化细菌以及反硝化细菌丰度显著增加,说明外源碳输入可能会促进10—20 cm土壤甲烷氧化过程、氨氧化过程和反硝化过程。温度和葡萄糖的交互作用对泥炭地表层土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度均有显著影响。在增温和外源碳输入条件下,北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度受土壤碳氮活性基质的影响。