寇氏隐甲藻（Crypthecodinium cohnii）细胞核骨架与中间纤维...

Nuclear matrix (NM) and intermediate filament (IF) scaffold in primitive eukaryote Crypthecodinium cohnii were shown using selective extraction together with embedment-free electron microscopy, whole mount cell preparation and immunoblot techniques. There exists a delicate NM-IF network spreading over cytoplasm and nucleus in dinoflagellate cells, however, nuclear lamina is undeveloped. The diameter of NM fiber is about 3-5 nm and IF is 10 nm. Chromosomes are connected with NM filament network. Immunoblot analysis showed that dinoflagellate contained keratin-like polypeptides (63 kD and 67 kD) while mammalian lamin antibodies did not crossreact with dinoflagellate total protein. Our experiment results demonstrated that a framework similar to NM-IF scaffold in mammalian cell appeared in primitive eukaryote. We propose that: (1) NM-IF scaffold is not restrict to vertebrate cell, and it may be originated from early stages of eukaryote evolution; (2) Keratin is probably very conservative; (3) Compared with IF, lamina might appear late in evolution, and some of primitive characteristics of dinoflagellate nucleus may be related to the lack of lamina.     

长春花主要农艺性状与文多灵含量的相关及通径分析

文多灵(vindoline)具有重要的药用价值.本文利用反相高效液相色谱法检测了23种国内外长春花主栽品种的文多灵含量,对文多灵含量与品种的12个主要农艺性状(包括株高、节间距、茎直径、一级侧枝数、叶片长、叶片宽、叶片长宽比、百片叶重、全株叶片重、花瓣直径、种荚长度和种子数,荚)的相关性和通径进行了分析.相关性分析表明,文多灵含量与一级侧枝数、茎直径、节间距、叶片宽、株高、全株叶片重、百片叶重、花瓣直径和叶片长呈正相关,其中与一级侧枝数和茎直径的相关性达到显著水平(P<0.05),与节间距的相关性接近显著水平:与叶片长宽比、种荚长度和种子数/荚呈负相关.通径分析结果表明,长春花的主要农艺性状中,节间距、一级侧枝数和全株叶片重对文多灵含量的正影响达到了显著水平(P<0.05),通径系数分别为0.959、0.716和0.431,说明节间距、一级侧枝数和全株叶片重可以作为高含量文多灵长春花品种选育的重要参考指标.     

鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因反义RNA对淋巴瘤细胞Jurkat生长的影响

探讨鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ornithine decarboxylase,ODC)反义RNA是否对人淋巴瘤细胞Jurkat的生长具有抑制作用。含反义RNA的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)/Rodc用脂质体转染Jurkat细胞,G418筛选ODC表达抑制的细胞株,MTS法分析细胞增殖,Western blotting检测细胞中ODC蛋白表达水平,半定量RT-PCR检测细胞中ODC mRNA含量,流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化,DNA片段化分析细胞凋亡。结果显示,成功获得ODC表达抑制的淋巴瘤细胞株J/o,ODC反义RNA转染细胞后,引起Jurkat细胞生长缓慢和S/G2细胞周期停滞,细胞对抗癌药物DFMO敏感性显著增加。由此证明,ODC反义RNA能抑制人T淋巴瘤Jurkat细胞的生长,具有治疗人白血病的潜在应用价值。     

转基因水稻外源基因的漂移研究

转基因水稻基因漂移可能带来环境安全性问题。利用农杆菌介导,把hpt基因转化水稻品种,通过后代筛选,以稳定遗传的含单拷贝转化株系为转基因花粉供体材料,研究转基因水稻向非转基因水稻不育系和常规稻(花粉受体)的外源基因漂移频率。结果表明,相邻种植时转基因水稻向雄性不育系品种的漂移频率为31.74%。随距离的增加漂移频率明显下降,在26m处仍能够检测到含外源基因个体的存在,并且在距离4m处出现一个漂移频率的升高;转基因水稻向常规品种的漂移频率则明显低于不育系,一般在2.0%以下,随距离的增加也呈现下降的趋势,在18m处开始无法检测到含外源基因的个体。     

6-Phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-4-carbonitrile as cathepsin S inhibitors

6-Phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-4-carbonitrile analogues were identified as potent and selective cathepsin S inhibitor against both purified enzyme and in human JY cell based cellular assays. This core has a very stable thio-trapping nitrile war-head in comparison with the well reported pyrimidine-2-carbonitrile cysteine cathepsin inhibitors. Compound 47 is also very potent in in vivo mouse spleenic Lip10 accumulation assays.     

Effect of redox-responsive DTSSP crosslinking on poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles for delivery of proteins

Therapeutic proteins are utilized in a variety of clinical applications, but side effects and rapid in vivo clearance still present hurdles. An approach that addresses both drawbacks is protein encapsulation within in a polymeric nanoparticle, which is effective but introduces the additional challenge of destabilizing the nanoparticle shell in clinically relevant locations. This study examined the effects of crosslinking self-assembled poly(l -lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles with redox-responsive 3,3′-dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidyl propionate) (DTSSP) to achieve nanoparticle destabilization in a reductive environment. The polymer-protein nanoparticles (DTSSP NPs) were formed through electrostatic self-assembly and crosslinked with DTSSP, which contains a glutathione-reducible disulfide. As glutathione is upregulated in various cancers, DTSSP NPs could display destabilization within cancer cells. A library of DTSSP NPs was formed with varying copolymer to protein (C:P) and crosslinker to protein (X:P) mass ratios and characterized by size and encapsulation efficiency. DTSSP NPs with a 7:1 C:P ratio and 2:1 X:P ratio were further characterized by stability in the presence proteases and reducing agents. DTSSP NPs fully encapsulated the model protein and displayed 81% protein release when incubated with 5 mM dithiothreitol for 12 hr. This study contributes to understanding stimulus-responsive crosslinking of polymeric nanoparticles and could be foundational to clinical administration of therapeutic proteins.     

Curcumin alleviates acute kidney injury in a dry‐heat environment by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in a rat model

Curcumin exhibits anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities. We investigated the protective effects of curcumin in a renal injury rat model under dry‐heat conditions. We divided Sprague‐Dawley rats into four groups: dry‐heat 0‐ (normal temperature control group), 50‐, 100‐, and 150‐minute groups. Each group was divided into five subgroups (n = 10): normal saline (NS), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa), and curcumin pretreated low, medium, and high‐dose (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively) groups. Compared to the normal temperature group, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary kidney injury molecule‐1, and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated load changes in lipoprotein (NGAL) levels were significantly increased in the dry‐heat environment group (P < .05); inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) and related inflammatory factor levels were increased in the kidney tissue. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were decreased. However, following all curcumin pretreatment, the serum levels of kidney injury indicators and NGAL were decreased in the urine compared to those in the NS and CMCNa groups (P < .05), whereas renal SOD and CAT activities were increased and MDA was decreased (P < .05). Renal tissues of the 150‐minute group showed obvious pathological changes. Compared to the NS group, pathological changes in the renal tissues of the 100‐ and 200‐mg/kg curcumin groups were significantly reduced. Furthermore, iNOS and COX‐2 expression and inflammatory factor levels were decreased after curcumin treatment. Curcumin exerted renoprotective effects that were likely mediated by its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects in a dry‐heat environment rat model.