基因型和胚龄对小麦未成熟胚离体培养反应的影响

本文对34种基因型的小麦未成熟胚在离体培养中的反应进行了比较。结果表明,94％的供试基因型愈伤组织诱导率都可达到80％以上,若排除供体植株环境条件的不同和接种过程中的人为因素可能造成的影响,不同基因型的愈伤组织诱导率看来没有根本的差异。愈伤组织分化率因基因型的不同变动在0—60％之间,平均为32.7％。虽然同一基因型的盾片愈伤组织分化率在不同年份中有所不同,但是愈伤组织是否具有再生能力?看来是个稳定的遗传性状。因此小麦未成熟胚对愈伤组织诱导的反应和愈伤组织的再生能力可能具有不同的遗传基础。本文的结果还表明,虽然最适于培养的未成熟胚的大小为1毫米左右,伹小至0.3毫米的未成熱胚仍能以几乎100％的频率形成愈伤组织,60％左右的愈伤组织能分化出再生檀株,只是所需的时间比1毫米左右的胚较长。     

河北阳原—蔚县晚上新世兔形类化石

本文记述河北阳原——蔚县晚上新世小哺乳动物群中的兔形类化石共3属5种:Pliopent-alagus nihewanensis sp.nov.,Hypolagus sohreuderi,Ochotona cf.lagrelii,Ochotona minor和Ochotona erythrotis.。对首次发现于亚洲的Pliopentalagus进行了起源和演化方面的探讨;并就华北上新世一早更新世常见的Hypolagus作了一些评述。本文指出:Hypolagus—Plio-pentalagus组合已延至早维拉方期;Ochotona lagrelii—Ochotona minor则为已知的最晚代表。     

贵州普定白岩脚洞石片的初步研究

本文对贵州普定白岩脚洞遗址中所获的1220件石片进行了分类观察。根据石片背面石皮的保存情况,疤与疤之间的关系,背疤的受力部位与石片台面的关系等特征,可从一个侧面反映出石核的利用率较高。     

大布苏的细石器

本文记述了发现于吉林省西部大布苏泡子东岸二级阶地前缘原生黄土状地层中的486件石制品,其中包括8件石器及100多件细石叶。大布苏地点的细石器材料,类型简单,成型的石器少,分布范围有限,可能是一个临时石器加工点。其时代初步定为旧石器时代末期。     

Increased shikonin production inLithospermum erythrorhizon suspension cultures within situ extraction and fungal cell treatment (elicitor)

Summary The effect ofin situ extraction and elicitor treatment on shikonin production was studied with the suspension cultures ofLithospermum erythrorhizon. Shikonin concentration of 60 mg/L was achieved by the use of both techniques which was 24 times higher than that of control culture, and 65 times higher in terms of shikonin productivity. The host-pathogen effect of elicitor treatment andin situ extraction for product removal were effective for shikonin production.     

Plant regeneration from embryogenic callus initiated from immature inflorescences of several high-tannin sorghums

A procedure was established for the induction of regenerable calli from immature inflorescence segments of high-tannin cultivars of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Murashige & Skoog's medium with several components altered was utilized for inducing, maintaining, and regenerating the cultures. Embryogenic calli formed at a frequency of 8–70% depending on the genotype. During a ten-month period, 3600 plants were regenerated from eight genotypes tested. Among the developmental stages of immature inflorescence tested (from differentiation of secondary branch primordia to floret formation) no critical differences were found in potential for callusing, embryogenesis or regeneration. Genotypic differences were observed in pigment production, embryogenic callus formation, shoot differentiation, and in maintenance of regeneration capacity.Abbreviations 2,4-D dichlorophenoxyacetic acid This is Journal Paper Number 11972 from the Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station     

泥鳅精子入卵的动力作用

在扫描电镜下,泥鳅成熟卵卵膜孔外围呈现完整的左涡旋状结构,受精时精子是顺着涡旋的流线进入卵膜孔。涡旋纹理接近对数螺线。本文分析了真骨鱼类的受精因素,除已知的化学因素外,还存在物理因素。也讨论了泥鳅成熟卵卵膜孔形态形成的必然性。