大鼠胰腺发育阶段Mesothelin的表达

目的:研究Mesothenlin在大鼠胰腺发育阶段的表达和细胞定位。方法:运用RT-PCR和Western Blot技术分别检测Mesothenlin在大鼠胰腺发育阶段的mRNA和蛋白表达水平;运用免疫荧光检测不同时期Mesothenlin在胰腺的组织细胞学定位。结果:RT-PCR结果显示E18.5 Mesothelin mRNA的表达水平显著增高,至P14达到高峰,成年较低。Western Blot结果显示其蛋白表达趋势与mRNA完全相同。免疫荧光结果显示在不同发育时期Mesothenlin与胰岛β细胞和间充质细胞共表达。结论:Mesothenlin在大鼠胚胎胰岛形成及生后结构重塑中出现显著性高表达,并表达于胰岛β细胞和间充质细胞。     

外源氮输入和水分变化对荒漠草原凋落物分解的影响

全球气候变化背景下,大气氮沉降和降水变化日益显著,其对荒漠草原凋落物分解的影响存在很大的不确定性.采用裂区设计,设置主区为自然降雨、增雨30%和减雨30% 3个水分处理,副区为0(N₀)、30(N₃₀)、50(N₅₀)和100 kg·hm^-2·a^-1(N₁₀₀)4个氮素水平,经过21个月(2016年1月—2017年10月)水氮处理,研究水氮共同作用对荒漠草原常见物种猪毛菜、短花针茅和木地肤3种植物凋落物分解的影响.结果表明: 3种凋落物干物质残留率随时间增加而减少,用Olson负指数衰减模型拟合效果较好,凋落物分解系数(k)大小为猪毛菜>短花针茅>木地肤.增雨30%N₁₀₀处理分解系数最高,为0.028.单因素处理下,增雨30%和N₅₀的凋落物分解最快.水氮共同作用下,增雨 30%N₁₀₀处理凋落物分解最快.3种凋落物初始化学全氮含量大小为猪毛菜>短花针茅>木地肤,猪毛菜和短花针茅k值与全氮含量呈显著正相关;全碳含量、纤维素含量、木质素含量、C/N、木质素/N和纤维素/N大小为木地肤>短花针茅>猪毛菜,猪毛菜k值与各指标均呈显著负相关,短花针茅和木地肤k值与C/N、木质素/N和纤维素/N均呈显著负相关.猪毛菜分解最快,木地肤分解最慢.适量的水、氮添加有利于荒漠草原凋落物的分解,可以促进土壤养分循环,对荒漠草原可持续发展及生态平衡有积极作用.     

纳木措湖沿岸表层水细菌群落特征及影响因素

为了探究夏季纳木措湖沿岸表层水体细菌群落特征,为以后纳木措湖细菌的研究打下基础,围绕纳木措湖一周选取采样点19个。现场采集水样,进行理化因子测定,运用高通量测序技术获取上述样点的16S rDNA数据,根据多样性指数和丰富度指数计算比较各样点的细菌群落多样性和丰富度,根据各样点细菌群落在门和属水平的分布来研究纳木措各样点细菌分布差异,基于Spearman相关性系数来衡量理化因子与α-多样性指数的相关性,采用冗余分析（redundancy analysis, RDA）探究理化因子与细菌群落分布之间的关系。在纳木措水体中共获得细菌4 137个OTU（operational taxonomic units）,属于87门204纲498目645科1 185属。门水平优势菌群为变形菌门（Proteobacteria,39.61%）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes,13.41%）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes,12.61%）,其中,变形菌门以γ-变形菌为优势菌群,其次为β-变形菌和α-变形菌。属水平有71.67%的未知细菌菌属。纳木措Shannon多样性指数显示,纳木措细菌种类比较丰富。Spearman相关性系数显示,水体细菌α-多样性指数与环境因子之间没有相关性。RDA分析表明,影响纳木措水体细菌群落结构的主要理化因子为温度（P=0.002,F=5.7）。纳木措沿岸表层水体细菌群落分布差异较为明显,细菌群落比较丰富,有许多未知菌种需进一步鉴定,有广阔的研究前景。     

Production of ethylene by gravistimulation: a potential problem with the interpretation of data from some experimental techniques

Abstract. Gravistimulation was investigated as a potential and unwanted component in the interpretation of physiological investigations on plants. Using both seedlings and mature sunflower plants, two situations are described where gravistimulation contributes significantly to the outcome of an experiment not initially designed to include this parameter. The number of adventitious roots formed in derooted seedings decreased when the tops of the plants were allowed to bend over under their own weight, and the effect correlated positively with the rate of ethylene production by non-vertical stems. In droughted mature plants, and increase in leaf and stem ethylene caused by water stress was supplemented by additional ethylene produced in the lower halves of stems. Drought had caused these stem tissues to wilt, become gravistimulated, and thus produce more ethylene. Other situations in which gravistimulated ethylene production and its physiological consequences are likely to be complicating factors in experiments are discussed. It is concluded that procedures that unnecessarily place experimental material in non-vertical orientations should be avoided.     

Effet de la farnesylacetone sur les syntheses proteiques de l'ovaire chez le crabe Carcinus maenas

Summary

We have analysed in vitro the effect of farnesylacetone, a substance produced by the androgenic gland of Crustacea, in a concentration of 20 ng/ml, on the protein synthesis in the ovary of Carcinus maenas. In winter, the farneslyacetone seems to be ineffective; the incorporation of labelled precursor per mass unity is then related to the weight of the sample. In summer, an activation of protein synthesis can be observed. These results do not depend on ovary maturation and concern all the proteins of the gonad.