基于替代数据思想的复杂度归一化方法及其在心电信号分析中的应用

基于替代数据(Surrogate)思想的复杂度归一化方法,克服了一般复杂度对信号采样长度与采样频率的敏感性。文章对在生物医学信号复杂度分析中最有潜在应用价值的近似熵和C0复杂度进行了归一化。应用该方法可以有效地反映人体心脏某些病理状态之间的差别。同时,通过比较各种复杂度指标发现,C0复杂度和近似熵对采样长度的敏感性最弱,适用于短数据量的信号分析。     

Analysis of long-term ecological status of Lake Balaton based on the ALMOBAL phytoplankton database

Lake Balaton (Hungary), one of the largest lakes in Europe, has undergone eutrophication and restoration during the last two decades. The first quantitative phytoplankton records date back to the 1930s, and since that time thousands of data have been published or accumulated in counting protocols or computer sheets. These data provide material for both scientific analyses (e.g. effects of global change) and applications (e.g. estimation of reference state for the Water Framework Directive). The ALMOBAL phytoplankton database was developed to provide computing support for these applications. It stores data in standardized forms, handles synonyms and allows analyses to be conducted on the basis of floral records, numbers or biomass. The analysis includes records of about 3000 phytoplankton samples taken during the past 60 years from two representative basins in Lake Balaton. This article represents the first attempt at historical reconstruction of the ecological status and compares it with changes in trophic state and current water quality. The results indicate that the phytoplankton biomass and community structure found in the early 1960s could be regarded as reference conditions. Statistical analyses support the view that late summer phytoplankton assemblages are the most sensitive indicators of trophic change, and clearly show the eutrophication of the lake that occurred from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s and the restoration during the last decade. An additional advantage is that, since quality estimation is based on relative biomass, the method can be used to reconstruct water quality in cases when counting protocols are available, but some basic data for quantitative estimates are missing.     

石油污染土壤生物降解生态条件研究

生物治理是石油污染土壤主要的有效的治理方法。微生物、污染物及环境等方面的因素都影响着生物降解效率。通过最佳生物降解条件的研究,提出了提高生物降解效率的措施。     

羊踯躅的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称 羊踯躅（Rhododendron molleG．Don）。 2材料类别当年生茎尖或茎段。     

胶孢炭疽菌生防放线菌SD-29的鉴定及抗菌活性评价

【背景】胶孢炭疽菌是引起橡胶炭疽病的一种重要病原菌,可导致橡胶树产胶量下降。【目的】从山东青岛一农田土壤中分离出一株胶孢炭疽菌生防放线菌SD-29,并对其进行鉴定及抗菌活性评价。【方法】采用对峙生长法及菌丝生长速率法对菌株SD-29的拮抗活性进行鉴定;利用乙酸乙酯萃取法提取菌株SD-29发酵液粗提物并进行活性评价;根据菌株SD-29的形态特征、生理生化及16S rRNA基因序列进行鉴定。【结果】菌株SD-29对胶孢炭疽菌具有较强的抑制活性,皿内抑制活性达到82.6%。发酵液粗提物对菌丝生长的EC50为13.6μg/mL,100μg/mL的粗提物对胶孢炭疽菌孢子萌发抑制率达到63.16%,其对感炭疽病橡胶叶片的防治效果达到48.96%。根据该菌的形态特征、生理生化特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定菌株SD-29为Streptomyces yatensis。【结论】菌株SD-29对胶孢炭疽菌有较强的防治效果,具有潜在的应用价值。     

基于光谱参数对小白菜叶片镉含量的高光谱估算

为实现利用高光谱技术快速、准确、无损地检测叶类蔬菜叶片重金属镉污染情况,通过采用室内盆栽试验,检测了小白菜在6个不同的镉浓度梯度0 mg/kg(CK)、0.5 mg/kg(T1)、1 mg/kg(T2)、5 mg/kg(T3)、10 mg/kg(T4)和20 mg/kg(T5)下的叶片高光谱反射率及其镉含量。利用相关分析和逐步回归的统计方法对叶片原光谱、一阶导数光谱和光谱参数与镉含量进行统计分析,确定了反演叶片镉含量的敏感光谱参数,并建立了估算叶片镉含量的参数模型。结果表明:(1)在540 nm附近和红外区域,叶片光谱反射率随着处理浓度的增加呈下降趋势。T1组叶片光谱与对照组的光谱没有明显的变化差异;(2)原光谱与镉含量的敏感波段主要在690—1300 nm,相关系数最高的波段是782 nm。一阶微分光谱与镉含量的敏感波段在黄边、红外、近红外和远红外范围均有分布;(3)反映植物色素、水含量和细胞结构的参数MCARI(叶绿素吸收反射修正指数Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Reflectance Index),SDy(黄边面积Yellow Edge Area),WI(水质指数Water Index),DCWI(病态水分胁迫指数Disease Water Stress Index),SDr(红边面积Red Edge Area)和Dr(红边幅值The Amplitude of the Red Edge)可分别作为反演镉含量的敏感光谱参数,其倒数回归模型能够较好地反演镉污染下小白菜叶片的镉含量;(4)镉胁迫处理15 d时,建立的SDr的倒数模型估算处理30 d时小白菜叶片镉含量的效果最优。研究表明红边面积参数可以用于估算小白菜叶片的镉含量,可为评价小白菜的食用安全提供科学方法。     

胰岛素不同给药方式对妊娠期糖尿病患者围手术期血糖控制的效果研究

目的:研究胰岛素不同给药方式对妊娠期糖尿病患者围手术期血糖控制的效果与安全性。方法:选择2013年11月～2016年11月于我院接受治疗的92例妊娠期糖尿病患者,所有患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组46例。对照组围手术期予以皮下注射胰岛素治疗,研究组围手术期予以胰岛素泵治疗。比较两组空腹血糖(FBG),餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG),血糖达标情况,抗生素使用情况,切口愈合情况、住院时间及并发症的发生情况。结果:治疗后12 h、24 h及36 h,两组FBG、2hPBG水平均较治疗前显著下降,且研究组以上指标均低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组血糖达标、抗生素使用、切口愈合及住院时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组均有低血糖、切口感染发生,研究组并发症发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:胰岛素泵输注胰岛素对妊娠期糖尿病患者围手术血糖的控制效果明显优于皮下注射胰岛素,且其安全性更高。     

叉角厉蝽对草地贪夜蛾的捕食功能反应

叉角厉蝽Eocanthecona furcellate(Wolff)是一种极具应用潜力的重要捕食性天敌。为了探明叉角厉蝽3龄若虫对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith) 3龄幼虫的控害效果,在室内条件下,观察了叉角厉蝽对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的捕食行为,研究了叉角厉蝽对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的捕食功能反应。结果表明,叉角厉蝽以口针从草地贪夜蛾腹部或者体躯末端插入取食,被取食后的草地贪夜蛾呈干瘪状死亡。叉角厉蝽3龄若虫对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的捕食功能反应模型符合Holling II型方程,为:Na=0.6702 N/(1+0.0133 N),叉角厉蝽若虫对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的日最大捕食量、瞬时攻击率和处理时间分别为50.25头、0.6702 d和0.0199 d。叉角厉蝽的捕食量与猎物密度正相关,寻找效应与猎物密度负相关,叉角厉蝽的捕食作用存在较强的种内干扰作用。试验证实叉角厉蝽对草地贪夜蛾具有较好的控害效果,为其田间应用释放技术提供了理论依据。     

Localization of sources of thalamic inputs into the sensorimotor cortex in the rabbit using retrograde axonal transport technique

It was shown that the rabbit sensorimotor cortex received afferent fibers from neurons located in the specific, nonspecific, and association thalamic nuclei using the retrograde axonal transport technique. The distribution, dimensions, and shape of the somata of relay neurons spread through the thalamic nuclei were analyzed. The total number of neurons sending out thalamo-sensorimotor-cortical fibers was calculated and the coordinates of loci with the highest density of these cells in each thalamic nucleus were identified. Multipolar and stellate cells with somata measuring 12–20 µm and 10–15 µm in diameter, respectively, prevailed amongst relay neurons. Amongst the specific nuclei, the majority of afferent fibers are sent out by the ventrolateral, ventral anterior, and anterior ventral nuclei. A comparable number of afferent fibers are sent out by the mediodorsal and paracentral nuclei; these split up among the association nuclei and paracentral nuclei, respectively. It is suggested that afferents from many different groups of thalamic nuclei are essential for the sensorimotor cortex to participate in thalamocortical interaction.Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 87–94, January–February, 1987.     

β2糖蛋白I及其抗体在抗磷脂抗体综合症病理进程中的作用探讨

抗磷脂抗体综合症(Antiphospholipid syndrome,APS)是以反复的动脉和静脉血栓形成为特征,与内皮细胞及单核淋巴细胞功能失调有关。β2糖蛋白Ⅰ是一种磷脂结合型糖蛋白,抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体与血栓形成密切相关,并且在APS的发生发展过程中具有决定性作用,但是抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ及其抗体的功能尚未阐明。本文将围绕β2GPⅠ及其抗体的结构、生物学功能及其在血栓形成中的作用等方面进行详细的阐述,期望为APS发生发展过程中抗原抗体复合物调节细胞功能的分子机制提供新的视点。