柑橘木虱对12种寄主植物嫩梢及其挥发物成分的趋性反应

为了发现对柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama具有引诱活性的寄主植物嫩梢挥发物,采用Y型嗅觉仪在室内测定柑橘木虱对12种寄主植物嫩梢及其挥发物成分的趋性反应,采用固相微萃取技术(SPME)和气-质联用分析技术(GC-MS)分析鉴定嫩梢挥发物的共同成分.结果表明,柑橘木虱对九里香Murraya ex...     

Hepatic proliferation after partial liver irradiation in Sprague–Dawley rats

The liver has powerful capability to proliferate in response to various injuries, but little is known as to liver proliferation after irradiation (IR) injury. This study investigated whether liver proliferation could be stimulated in low-dose irradiated liver by partial liver IR injury with high dose radiation. Sprague–Dawley rats were irradiated by 6-MV X-ray with single dose of 25 Gy to the right-half liver, while the left-half liver was shielded (0.7 Gy) or irradiated with single doses of 3.2, 5.6, and 8.0 Gy, respectively. Hepatic proliferation in the shielded and low-dose irradiated left-half liver was evaluated by serum hepatic growth factor (HGF), proliferating cell nuclei antigen (PCNA), liver proliferation index (PI), hepatocyte mitosis index (MI). The observation time was 0 day (before IR), 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after IR. Our results showed that serum HGF and hepatocyte HGF mRNA increased after IR with HGF mRNA peak on day 30 in the shielded and low-dose irradiated left-half livers, and their values increased as the dose increased to the left-half liver. Liver PI and PCNA mRNA peaked on day 60 with stronger expressions in higher doses-irradiated livers. MI increased after IR, with the peak noted on day 60 in the shielded and on day 90 in the low-dose irradiated left-half livers. There was a 30 day delay between MI peaks in the shielded and low-dose irradiated livers. In conclusion, 25 Gy partial liver IR injury could stimulate the shielded liver and low-dose irradiated liver to proliferate. In the livers receiving a dose range of 3.2–8.0 Gy, the proliferation was stronger in higher doses-irradiated liver than the low-dose irradiated. However, IR delayed hepatocyte mitosis.     

黑粒青稞HvtUF3GT基因的克隆与表达分析

该研究以黑粒青稞品种‘黑老鸦’籽粒为材料,克隆了青稞类黄酮3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶基因(HvtUF3GT),获得1 449 bp序列。HvtUF3GT基因包含一个1 434 bp开放阅读框,编码478个氨基酸,理论等电点为5.45,预测蛋白分子量为52 912.58 Da。蛋白质序列分析表明,HvtUF3GT为亲水性的不稳定酸性蛋白,且在C-末端具有一段典型的44个氨基酸PSPG box,在空间结构中含有β-α-β-α-βRossmann折叠结构,属于UDP糖基转移酶基因GT-B型超家族成员。进化树分析表明,HvtUF3GT与小麦族的大麦、乌拉尔图小麦、山羊草和二穗短柄草的糖基转移酶聚为一个分支,且与大麦的亲缘关系最近,与稻族的籼稻和短花稻的亲缘关系较远。半定量和定量PCR结果表明,在‘INB0N-7’蓝粒青稞和‘昆仑12号’白粒青稞的籽粒灌浆后期HvtUF3GT基因不表达,而在黑粒青稞和紫粒青稞中的表达强弱依次为‘黑老鸦’(黑粒)‘昆仑17号’(黑粒)‘达章紫’(紫粒)‘涅如姆扎’(紫粒)。研究推测,HvtUF3GT基因在青稞灌浆后期籽粒着色过程中发挥着重要作用。     

3种番荔枝属植物对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性评价

选取凤梨释迦Annona×atemoya、圆滑番荔枝A.glabra、刺果番荔枝A.muricata等3种番荔枝属2年生苗进行低温胁迫处理,并以自然状态下生长为对照,测定可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。通过对抗寒性生理指标对比分析,得出3种番荔枝抗寒能力强弱顺序为刺果番荔枝>圆滑番荔枝>凤梨释迦。     

OsHUB1 and OsHUB2 interact with SPIN6 and form homo- and hetero-dimers in rice

Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is involved in various cellular processes including plant–microbe interactions and defense responses. Although there are many E3 ubiquitin ligases in rice, the functions of their targets in defense responses are unclear. We recently found that SPIN6 (SPL11-interacting Protein 6) is a Rho GTPase-activating protein and acts as the target of the E3 ligase SPL11, a negative regulator of plant cell death and innate immunity. Our results showed that SPIN6 serves as a link between the SPL11-mediated ubiquitination pathway and the OsRac1-associated defense system. Here, we show that SPIN6 interacts with OsHUB1 and OsHUB2, the homologous proteins of Arabidopsis RING finger E3 ligases HUB1 and HUB2. OsHub1 and OsHub2 are down-regulated in the Spin6 RNAi plants and during the compatible interaction between rice and Magnaporthe oryzae. OsHub1 and OsHub2 are induced by hormone treatments. Like HUB1 and HUB2 in Arabidopsis, OsHUB1 and OsHUB2 in rice form homo- and hetero-dimers. Our results suggest that OsHUB1 and OsHUB2 may be associated with the SPIN6/OsRac1 pathway in rice immunity.     

Weight loss effects of quaternary salts of 5-amino-1-(chloromethyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-benz[e]indoles; structure-activity relationships

Quaternary salt analogues based on the DNA minor groove binder and adenine N3 alkylating agent 5-amino-1-(chloromethyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-benz[e]indole (aminoCBI) show remarkable effects on the body weight of mice (a long-term failure to gain weight relative to matched controls with no loss of appetite or perceptible deterioration in health) following administration of a single (non-toxic) dose between about 0.5-5 μmol/kg. The nature of the quaternizing group was not important, but a related hydroxyCBI analogue was much less effective. Compounds where the chloro group was replaced by a hydrogen or hydroxy group (thus abrogating DNA alkylating capability) showed no weight control activity. It is speculated, based on other studies, that the marked long-term weight control effect is due to inhibition of bile flow into the intestine and reduced absorption of triglycerides, together with accelerated cell death in spleen and white adipose tissues due to drug accumulation there. This class of compound may serve as interesting tools for further study of these phenomena.     

Met662和Asp1828的Cys突变增强蛋白内含子对共表达的BDD-FVIII因子重链和轻链的剪接

本文旨在通过B区缺失型凝血因子8(BDD-FVⅢ)重、轻链间二硫键形成,改善蛋白质反式剪接效率,提高双载体转BDD FVⅢ基因功效. 将BDD-FVⅢ重链A2区的Met662和轻链A3区的Asp1828突变为Cys,用蛋白内含子融合的重链和轻链基因共转染HEK293细胞,Western印迹检测到细胞内BDD-FVⅢ剪接量的提高以及重、轻链间二硫键的形成,用ELISA和Coatest测得细胞分泌至培养上清的剪接BDD-FVⅢ的量(119±14 ng/mL)和活性(1.06±0.08 IU/mL),明显高于野生型BDD FVⅢ重链和轻链基因共转染细胞的量(81±12 ng/mL)和活性(0.70±0.15 IU/mL);混合培养的转突变重链和轻链基因细胞培养基中剪接BDD FVⅢ的量(17±5 ng/mL)和活性(0.15±0.03 IU/mL),与混合培养的转野生型重链和轻链基因细胞 (分别为21±9 ng/mL和0.18±0.05 IU/mL)相近,反映不依赖细胞机制的蛋白质反式剪接. 结果表明,重、轻链间二硫键形成通过增强蛋白质反式剪接提高双载体转BDD FVⅢ基因的功效. 为进一步运用双AAV载体动物体内转BDD-FVⅢ基因提供了实验依据.