湖北旋覆花化学成分的研究(英文)

从湖北旋覆花(Inula hupehensis)地上部分分离得到19个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为9-羟基-百里香酚(1),8,10-去氢-β-羟基-百里香酚(2),2-羟基-4-甲基苯乙酮(3),8,9-双羟基-9-百里香酚(4),10-羟基-8,9-双氧亚异丙基百里香酚(5),8,10-二羟基-9-异丁酰百里香酚(6),8-羟基-9-异丁酰-10-(2-甲基丁酰)百里香酚(7),8,9,10-三羟基百里香酚(8),8-羟基-9,10-二异丁酰百里香酚(9),neoechinulin A(10),3-醛基吲哚(11),3-羟乙酰基吲哚(12),丁香酸(13),4,6-二羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙酮(14),7-甲氧基-8-羟基香豆素(15),6-甲氧基山奈酚(16),(+)-正丁香酯素(17),β-棕榈精(18)和豆甾醇(19)。除了化合物8和9外,其他化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

天然雌核发育贵州普安鲫(A型)染色体组型的初步研究

普安鲫(Carassius auratus)原产于贵州省普安县青山镇一带的天然水体中,它有3个不同类型(A、B和C型)的种群。目前除了A型在野外未见雄性个体外,B和C型都是两性型种群,它们同地共栖,且行天然雌核发育。       

外科深部真菌感染的病原学分析

目的分析外科住院患者合并真菌感染状况。方法分离的真菌用API 20C AUX真菌鉴定条,用ATB FUNGUS-2进行药敏试验。结果真菌的种类分布中第1位是白色念珠菌占53%,第2位是热带念珠菌占20%,第3位是光滑念珠菌占14%,第4位是近平滑念珠菌占4%,第5位是其余念珠菌占2%;真菌在外科各区分布中,外科ICU占42%,移植外科占25%;真菌在各类标本分布中,痰占43%,尿液占13%,粪便占10%,引流液占9%,血液占7%;真菌对药物5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑的药物敏感性分别是93%、98.9%、90.8%、59.8%。结论外科真菌感染集中在重症病区(ICU),分离的致病真菌主要是白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、光滑念珠菌,真菌对两性霉素B敏感性最高。     

微囊藻毒素研究的当前进展和未来方向

蓝藻是一种广泛分布于全世界水体中的光能自养型微生物,其特点之一是所产生的特殊次级代谢产物藻毒素对于许多物种都有毒性作用。在正常生态环境中,水体中蓝藻数量维持在正常范围。人类活动的加剧以及对于水环境管理的缺乏造成了全球范围内的水体污染,其中以水体富营养化尤为严重,且有不断增加的趋势。水体富营       

骨软骨复合支架的研究进展

软骨的修复是当前医学界十分棘手的难题,人们采取若干手段均收效甚微。由于软骨缺损时,其下的软骨下骨常出现硬化、退变,而新生软骨是无法与病变的软骨下骨进行整合的,所以在修复软骨的同时,必须重视软骨下骨的修复。近十几年来,人们开始发明和利用各种骨软骨复合支架,进行同时修复软骨与软骨下骨的动物实验研究。在正常骨软骨组织中,软骨与软骨下骨被钙化层所相连,此外钙化层也将软骨与软骨下骨分隔在不同的生存环境中。根据仿生学原理,人们又设计出一种带有隔离层的新型骨软骨复合支架,并取得了较为理想的实验结果。本文就国内外骨软骨复合支架的研完进展作一综述。     

红豆杉生物工程的研究进展

自从紫杉醇(taxol,又称paclitaxel,结构见图1)被批准作为植源性抗癌药应用以来,由于其天然资源的限制,使得近几年来对寻找及扩大紫杉醇药源途径的研究取得了极大的进展。这些途径大致包括:(1)筛选高产量红豆杉(Taxus)栽培品种,(2)化学合成,(3)生物技术,(4)微生物生产。在这些研究领域特别是生物技术研究领域中,由于目前对紫杉醇的生物合成及关键酶研究所取得的进展,已使人们相信通过基因工程手段作为最佳生产紫杉醇药源途径之一,在不久的将来将会变为现实。本文报道的就是有关紫杉醇在生物工程方面的研究进展概况。1　研究简史红豆杉体外培…     

Gene expression profile in immunologically injured liver cell of mice

To study the gene expression profiles between immunologically injured liver cell and normal liver cell of mice and to screen on a large scale the differentially expressed genes associated with the formation of liver injury, the experimental mice were randomly divided into the normal group for controlling and the immunologically liver-injured group induced by BCG and LPS. The liver mRNA of the two groups were extracted respectively and reversely-transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of different fluorescence (Cy3, Cy5) labeled dUTP as the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray chips. The fluorescent signal results were acquired by scanner ScanArray 4000 and analyzed with software GenePix Pro 3.0. Among the 14112 target genes, 293 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed, in which 188 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated. Based on the analysis of biological functions of those differentially expressed genes, it was indicated that the occurrence and development of mouse liver damage induced by BCG and LPS were highly correlated with the processes of immune reactions, cell synthesis, metabolism, apoptosis and transportation in liver cell, which might be quite important for elucidating the regulatory network of gene expression associated with the liver damage, also important for finally discovering the pathogenic mechanisms of immunological liver damage.     

白介素-1β对高糖刺激的人肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响

目的探讨炎症细胞因子白介素-1β（interleukin-1βIL-1β）对高糖刺激的人肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响。-方法体外培养人肾近曲小管上皮细胞株（HKCs）,随机分为正常对照组（5.5 mmol/L normal glucose）;高糖组（30 mmol/L high glucose）;高糖＋IL-1β（5ng/ml）组。分别于处理后24h、48h、72h收集细胞,采用免疫细胞化学染色和Western蛋白印迹法检测细胞角蛋白-18（cytokeratin-18 CK-18）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actinα-SMA）水平。结果高糖能够诱导肾小管上皮细胞α-SMA蛋白的合成增加,而肾小管上皮细胞的标志物CK-18的表达逐渐减少;IL-1β与高糖同时刺激可使肾小管上皮细胞α-SMA蛋白表达进一步增多,而其自身标志物CK-18的表达则明显下降。结论炎症因子IL-1β能增强高糖对肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用。     

反义寡聚硫代磷酸脱氧核苷抑制体外细胞培养系统中乙肝抗原表达的研究

设计合成了两个分别互补于乙肝病毒２．１ｋｂ ｍＲＮＡ起始区（片段Ａ）和增强子区（片段Ｂ）的硫代磷酸的ＤＮＡ片段,在经克隆ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ转染ＨｅｐＧ２细胞建立的ＨＢＶ短暂表达系统及稳定产生ＨＢＶ的２２１５细胞中研究二者对ＨＢｓＡｇ及ＨＢｅＡｇ表达的抑制作用。结果表明反义寡聚物能不同程序抑制乙肝抗原表达,并与剂量呈一定正相关。在ＨｅｐＧ２细胞ＨＢＶ短暂表达系统中,６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度时,片段Ａ、Ｂ对ＨＢ     

Diallyl trisulfide induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of A549 cells in vitro and in vivo

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality all over the world. In recent years, pulmonary adenocarcinoma has surpassed squamous cell carcinoma in frequency and is the predominant form of lung cancer in many countries. Epidemiological investigations have shown an inverse relationship between garlic (Allium sativum) consumption and death rate from many cancers. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is one of the garlic-derived compounds (also known as: organosulfer compounds, OSC). DATS can induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of many cancer cell lines. Our study demonstrated that the apoptotic incidents induced by DATS were a mitochondria-dependent caspase cascade through a significant decrease of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 that resulted in up-regulation of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and the activity of caspase-3, -8, and -9. Eventually, DATS induced the apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, by establishing an animal model of female BALB/c nude mice with A549 xenografts, we found that oral gavage of DATS significantly retarded growth of A549 xenografts in nude mice without causing weight loss or any other side effects compared with the control group. All the evidence both in vitro and in vivo suggested that DATS could be an ideal anti-cancer drug.