山西马身猪及其杂交后代H-FABP基因的PCR-RFLP检测

运用PCR-RFLP法检测马身猪及其杂交后代H-FABP基因多态性。结果表明,马身猪在Hinf Ⅰ-RFLP位点上有HH和Hh两种基因型,在HaeⅢ-RFLP位点上只有DD基因型,在HinfⅠ*-RFLP位点上有BB和Bb两种基因型,等位基因以h、D、B占优势,其频率分别为0．958、1．000和0．968。其杂交后代在HaeⅢ-RFLP位点上只检测到两种基因型DD和Dd。     

普通齿蛉幼虫的游泳行为（英文）

为了探究广翅目昆虫幼虫在水中的游泳能力, 以丰富其水生习性的行为学资料, 选取中国特有种普通齿蛉Neoneuromus ignobilis幼虫为研究对象, 通过室内试验对其游泳的姿势、 刺激因素、 不同龄期游泳能力及在外界刺激下的游泳行为进行了观察和测定。结果表明： 普通齿蛉幼虫有垂直、 平行、 仰面和侧面等4种游泳姿势, 出现的频率分别为89.08%, 5.49%, 4.40%和0.61%。游泳时身体呈不同程度的“S”形, 利用头部和尾部方向的改变实现虫体的上升、 下沉和游泳姿势的改变。普通齿蛉幼虫利用身体的摆动游泳, 游泳时3对足以固定的姿势靠紧身体。不同龄期的幼虫游泳能力差异很大, 6龄幼虫的游泳能力远强于2龄和末龄幼虫。在游泳时, 普通齿蛉幼虫还具有比较复杂和独特的防御行为, 如其腹部末端会喷射出化学物质。据此认为, 普通齿蛉拥有较强的游泳能力, 有助于其逃生和防御。     

饲料中转基因成分对家蚕生长发育的影响

采用家蚕（Bombyx mori）H9品种作为实验动物,分别用转基因和非转基因大豆粉制作的人工饲料进行饲育。通过饲育试验,比较分析了不同处理后家蚕的龄期经过时间、全茧量、茧层量、茧层率、蛹体重、疏毛率、死亡率、每龄眠起体重等经济性状指标。同时采用PCR方法对转基因饲料饲育后家蚕组织中外源基因的表达情况进行了检测。结果显示,含转基因大豆粉的人工饲料对家蚕的生长发育并无显著影响,且不存在外源基因的污染。     

内蒙古清水河县姑姑庵汉代墓地人骨研究

本文对内蒙古清水河县姑姑庵墓地出土的13例汉代的颅骨(男性6例, 女性7例)进行了体质人类学的研究, 该组颅骨在种族特征上可归入现代亚洲蒙古人种中的东亚人种范围。在若干古代和现代对比组中,姑姑庵汉代居民的体质特征与将军沟组、近代华北组最为接近,很可能是来自中原地区的移民或是当地早期中原移民的后裔。     

NF-κB p65的敲减加重结肠上皮HCT116细胞氧化损伤

炎症细胞诱导的活性氧类生成和肠道氧化应激与慢性炎症性肠疾病以及结直肠肿瘤的发病密切相关。NF-κB信号通路参与氧化应激反应以及在结直肠炎症和肿瘤发生中的作用还并不完全清楚。本研究将化学合成一对编码小干扰RNA 序列、靶向人NF-κB 基因的长60 bp寡核苷酸链定向克隆至pSUPER小干扰RNA表达载体中,通过单酶切、双酶切及测序证实重组RNA干扰载体构建成功. 将构建成功的质粒转染至结肠上皮细胞HCT116中敲减p65,分别采用Western blot方法检测NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平,（3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-3,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）方法检测细胞存活情况. 结果显示,pSUPER-NF-κB p65载体可特异性下调NF-κB p65蛋白表达;下调p65表达可导致过氧化氢诱导的HCT116内活性氧类物质生成增高,存活细胞数目显著减少,氧化损伤加重。研究表明,在人结肠上皮细胞内NF-κB p65通路的抑制显著加重了结肠上皮细胞氧化损伤情况.     

Evolution of GnRH ligands and receptors in gnathostomata

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the final common signaling molecule used by the brain to regulate reproduction in all vertebrates. Until now, a total of 24 GnRH structural variants have been characterized from vertebrate, protochordate and invertebrate nervous tissue. Almost all vertebrates already investigated have at least two GnRH forms coexisting in the central nervous system. Furthermore, it is now well accepted that three GnRH forms are present both in early and late evolved teleostean fishes. The number and taxonomic distribution of the different GnRH variants also raise questions about the phylogenetic relationships between them. Most of the GnRH phylogenetic analyses are in agreement with the widely accepted idea that the GnRH family can be divided into three main groups. However, the examination of the gnathostome GnRH phylogenetic relationships clearly shows the existence of two main paralogous GnRH lineages: the 'midbrain GnRH" group and the "forebrain GnRH" group. The first one, represented by chicken GnRH-II forms, and the second one composed of two paralogous lineages, the salmon GnRH cluster (only represented in teleostean fish species) and the hypophysotropic GnRH cluster, also present in tetrapods. This analysis suggests that the two forebrain clades share a common precursor and reinforces the idea that the salmon GnRH branch has originated from a duplication of the hypophysotropic lineage. GnRH ligands exert their activity through G protein-coupled receptors of the rhodopsin-like family. As with the ligands, multiple GnRHRs are expressed in individual vertebrate species and phylogenetic analyses have revealed that all vertebrate GnRHRs cluster into three main receptor types. However, new data and a new phylogenetic analysis propose a two GnRHR type model, in which different rounds of gene duplications may have occurred in different groups within each lineage.     

肝内胆管细胞癌的CT诊断

目的:研究肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现,提高对肝内胆管细胞癌的认识。方法:回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的26例肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现,并与手术结果对比分析。结果:肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现为低密度不规则肿块,边界欠清,增强扫描肿瘤边缘实质部分轻中度强化。增强扫描:动脉期无强化11例,轻度强化15例。延迟扫描26例均有不同程度延迟强化。结论:肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现有一定的特征性,对于与肝内其他常见痛变的鉴别诊断有重要价值。     

Ohmefentanyl stereoisomers induce changes of CREB phosphorylation in hippocampus of mice in conditioned place preference paradigm

The present study was designed to determine the changes of phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein(CREB)in hippocampus induced by ohmefentanyl stereoisomers(F9202 and F9204) in conditioned place preference(CPP)paradigm.The results showed that mice receiving F9202 and F9204 displayed obvious CPP.They could all significantly stimulate CREB phosphorylation and maintained for a long time without affecting total CREB protein levels.The effect of F9204 was similar to morphine which effect was more potent and longer than F9202.We also examined the effects of ketamine,a noncompetitive N-mthyl-D-asartate receptor(NR)antagonist,on morphine-,F9202-and F9204-induced CPP and phosphorylation of CREB in hippocampus.Ketamine could suppress not only the place preference but also the phosphorylation of CREB produced by morphine,F9202 and F9204.These findings suggest that alterations in the phosphorylation of CREB be relevant to opiates signaling and the development of opiates dependence.NR antagonists may interfere with opiates dependence and may have potential therapeutic implications.     

同伴合作对7-8岁儿童分类活动的影响

目的:考察性别、不同分组和言语对儿童分类能力的影响.方法:被试为122名小学一年级学生,年龄为7-8岁.实验材料为两套内容同质的分类卡片,每套卡片都存在四个维度的差异.首先通过前测将儿童的分类能力分为高水平、低水平两种类型,然后进行两两配对.因变量指标为:后测成绩与前测成绩之间的差值.结果:1.能力水平配对因素影响同伴合作.2.有无言语交流对分类成绩存在显著性影响,有言语交流组成绩明显高于无言语组.3.性别配对对同伴合作没有影响.4.能力水平配对与有无言语交流的交互作用明显,其中低.高组中有言语交流成绩明显优于无言语交流成绩.结论:与水平比自己高的同伴合作效果好于水平相当或比自己水平低的同伴之间的合作.言语交流的效果能明显促进儿童的认知发展.     

关于数量化I方法的自变量之间交互作用计算

自变量之间存在交互作用时,在应用数量化方法Ｉ时如何计算自变量间的交互作用建立数量化方程．