鹅掌楸油细胞的发育解剖学研究

鹅掌楸油细胞比相邻组织细胞分化,因而在叶肉细胞未完全分化的叶原基、幼叶以及未完全分化的幼茎中,都可看到已分化的油细胞。通常,在第二叶原基中可发现油细胞原始细胞,由于其染色深、细胞核大而易与周围组织的细胞相区别。以后,油细胞逐步液泡化,直至形成一个大的液泡,此时,细胞核呈扁平状,并与细胞质一起成为一薄层围绕着大液泡。当油细胞发育成熟后,细胞质及核开始解体,整个油细胞的腔由大液泡充满,成为油囊,在部分     

Tolrestat对高糖所致肾小球系膜细胞肌动蛋白去组装的影响

研究了醛糖还原酶抑制剂Tolrestat对高浓度葡萄糖(HG)所致肾小球系膜细胞(MC)肌动蛋白(actin)组装的影响。结果证明,与正常浓度葡萄糖(NG)相比,在HG培养的MC,F-actin失去束状外观呈不规则网状,显示F-actin部分去组装;F-actin荧光强度降低,G-actin荧光强度升高和F-/G-actin荧光强度比值下降。Tolrestat加入培养后,明显防止HG引起的F-actin去组装及F-和G-actin荧光强度的变化。提示多元醇通路激活在HG引起的MCactin去组装改变中起一定作用。     

胚轴切断法诱导棉株对棉铃虫生长发育的影响

通过室内饲喂棉铃虫的方法,测定了诱导棉株对棉铃虫幼虫发育历期、幼虫体重和肾重的影响。结果表明,不加菌处理和加菌处理的诱导抗性棉株可分别使棉铃虫幼虫发育历期延长０．５和３ｄ,幼虫体重（５龄）降低１１．４５％和１９．６０％,蛹重降低６．５４％和１０．８１％。用诱导棉株叶片饲养８日龄棉铃虫幼虫３天后,菌诱导和无菌诱导分别使棉铃虫的相对生长率降低２２．９％和１７．２％,相对取食量降低２６．１％和２１．４％     

外来入侵杂草薇甘菊及其伴生种基本光合特性的比较

以ＬＣＡ４光合蒸腾测定测定了植物叶片的气体交换过程。比较报薇基菊与周围其它藤本、草本和阔叶速生木本植物之间光合速率的差异。结果表明：（１）莆匐攀草质一城菊Ｍｍｉｋａｎｉａ ｍｉｃｒａｎｔｈａ具有较高的ＣＯ２固定能力,净光合速率２１．５６μｍｏｌ ＣＯ２ ｍ＾－２ｓ＾－１,高于草质藤本野葛Ｐｕｅｒａｒｉａ ｌｏｂａｔａ（１６．９７）,草质缠绕藤本五爪金龙Ｉｐｏｍｏｅａ ｃａｉｒｉｃａ（１４５５）,与     

冬作季节土地管理对水稻土CH4排放季节变化的影响

通过温室盆栽试验对水稻土ＣＨ４排放的生节变化及冬作季节土地管理的影响进行了研究,结果表明,冬作季节种植紫云英、淹水休闲及干燥休闲但泡水前施用稻草处理泡水后３０ｄＣＨ４排放量分别高达１３３ｄ观测期总排放量的６７５％、３５．５％及３３．３％,且在泡水后第１３天及水稻移栽后第７、４０、９１天分别出现４个ＣＨ４排放高峰;而种植小麦和干燥休闲但冬作前施用稻草处理泡水后５５ｄＣＨ４排放量才占观测期总排放量的６     

限制性内切酶EcoR的高效表达与纯化

EcoR Ⅱ was the first restriction endonuclease ever found requiring the cooperative interaction with the least two DNA sites for digestion activity.To study the specific activity, Eco R Ⅱ was purified from hyperexpression engineering bacteria in which the specific expression products increased to about 20% of total cellular protein.By using chromatography on DEAE cellulose column,phosphocellulose column and FPLC of Resource Q,the enzyme was purified from soluble protein fraction.The inclusion bodies were solved and renatured,and the enzyme was purified from this part of protein with higher specific activity by using FPLC of Resource Q.Detection showed that the enzyme was purified to homogeneity and was free of detectable contamination by other DNase(exo and endo).     

金琥的离体快速繁殖

1 植物名称 金琥(Echinocactus grusonii ) 。 2 材料类别 幼嫩的小球。 3 培养条件 (1)诱导小球培养基为B5+BA 2.0 mg·L-1(单位下同)+NAA 0.2;(2)增殖培养基为B5+BA 0.8+NAA 0.08;(3)生根培养基为1／2B5+BA 0.3+NAA 0.05。3种培养基中蔗糖均为3％,琼脂为0.7％,pH5.8左右,培养温度为(25±2)℃,光照度为2 000 lx,每天光照10 h。 4 生长与分化情况 将金琥小球下部切去1／2,留下上半部,用清水清冼干净,再用无菌水洗5～6次后切成小块,接种到培养基(1)上,经过45 d,刺座开始隆起,1周后,在隆起处开始分化小球,并慢慢长大。 金琥的增殖培养基中,BA浓度超过2.0ng·L-1易导致玻璃化,低于0.5 mg·L-1则增殖缓慢。如利用培养基(1)进行继代增殖,玻璃化十分严重。     

TGF-β1短时处理降低肝癌细胞与Fn的粘附及FAK的磷酸化

为了研究TGF-β1对α5β1整合蛋白所介导的信号转导通路是否有快速的信号调节作用,本文用TGF-β1短时(10min)处理SMMC7721细胞,发现当经TGFβ1预处理的细胞与Fn粘附时,细胞与Fn的粘附力下降,由Fn与整合蛋白的结合而诱导发生的FAK的酪氨酸磷酸化随着TGF-β1浓度的增加而降低。而TGF-β1短时处理并未改变整合蛋白α5、β1亚基的表达。此外,贴壁生长于培养皿的细胞的FAK磷酸化程度在TGF-β1短时处理后也下降,甚至检测不出。提示TGF-β1可能通过某种信号通路快速调节了整合蛋白与配体的亲和力以及下游信号分子FAK的磷酸化。从而影响了细胞内骨架蛋白结构的完整性,使细胞发生去极性化,有利于细胞在迁移早期的松脱。     

不定胚再生植株的染色体数目变异

本实验以甜瓜“小麦瓜”和“青皮绿肉”品种为试材,经不定胚诱导再生植株。分别调查了不同继代培养时间后形成再生植株的染色体数目,并将之与对照染色体数目相比较,发现通过诱导不定胚所得到的再生植株中存在着一定的变异,而且经过不同继代培养时间后,所得到的不定胚再生植株的变异程度不同,随着时间的增加,染色体数目的变异率从3.3%增加到30%,变异幅度也从2n=23~24增加到2n=13~48。从而得出结论：不定胚再生植株染色体数目变异程度随着培养时间的增加而增加;培养时间在1~2个月内所得到的不定胚再生植株的变异较少。此外,不定胚再生植株的染色体数目变异程度也因品种而异。 Abstract:Chromosomal number of different of somatic embryos regenerated plants were investigated in melon variety “xiaomaigua” and “Qingpilurou”.Certain variations of chromosomal number were found among the regenerated plants compared with normal sample,and range of variation covered from 2n=23～24 to 2n=13～48 with the increase of generation,the rate from 3.3% to 30%.The results indicated that degree of variation in chromosomal number of somatic embryos regenerated melon plants increased with the time of culture,and those cultured in one to two months had the least variation.It was also found that degree of chromosomal number variations varied with melon varieties.     

Embryogenesis of Polyembryonic Rice ApⅢ: Structural and Histochemical Studies of Egg Apparatus Around Fertilization

The structural and histochemical changes of the egg apparatus in the polyembryonic rice (Oryza sativa L.), ApⅢ with the highest frequence of additional embryos among the polyembryonic rice investigated, before and after fertilization were studied and compared with those of normal and other polyembryonic rices in a similar developmental period. A total of 2 932 ovules were observed and each of them contained only asingle embryo sac with a set of egg apparatus. Among 1 655 embryo sacs, there were 1 643 embryo sacs (99.27%) with one normal egg apparatus in each embryo sac, and only 12 embryo sacs (0.73%) from the remainder with 4 celled egg apparatus, i.e. two eggs and two synergids. Neither the numerous poly egg apparatus and egg like cells, nor the double set of embryo sacs each containing one egg apparatus and other abnormal egg apparatus in single ovary, which were reported by earlier investigators to have high frequency of embryo production in SB 1 and ApⅣ, were observed. The egg cell was located at the subterminal site of the micropylar end of embryo sac. The cytoplasm of egg cell was rich in protein materials and poly saccharide grains, which did not disappear until the division of zygote. The prominent nucleus was closely surrounded by protein and polysaccharide grains, which did not disappear until the division of zygote. No cytological difference was found between egg cells from the normal and abnormal egg apparatus. The two synergids were fully developed and situated at the upper most part of the micropylar end of the mature embryo sac. In most embryo sacs, the synergids were flask shaped with longer necks, and a widened cap shaped top, in close contact with the micropyle. The synergids had a well developed filiform apparatus. The characteristic appearance of the filiform apparatus as well as the cap neck region of synergids before and after pollen tube penetration were easily distinguishable from the egg cell. The structure, the stainability with Coomassie Brilliant Blue and PAS reaction, the process of accumulation, distribution and disapperance of the cytoplasmic protein materials and polysaccharide grains of the two synergids, the persistent and rarely the receptive synergids before and after pollen tube penetration, were closely similar to those of egg cell of the same developmental stage. In comparison with normal and other polyembryonic rice reported, the size of nucleus and nucleolus and their stainability also strongly resembled those of egg cell. Based on the results observed, the main conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) the additional embryos very frequently developed in the young and mature seed of polyembryonic rice ApⅢ were produced by one or two synergids of normal egg apparatus, rarely by 4 celled egg apparatus; (2) during fertilization, the synergids, in addition to the natural specific function of introducing pollen tube and transferring sperms to egg cell and central cell, could be closely associated with the potentiality to breed one or two additional embryos; and (3) as compared with that of normal or other polyembryonic rice it is firstly disclosed that in a few embryo sacs of ApⅢ, the cytoplasmic and nuclear structure, the active anabolism and catabolism of protein and polysaccharide materials and the delayed disorganization at the mid basal region of the receptive and persistent synergid still remained unchanged before the division of zygote. Such salient features could be the predisposition for the origin of additional embryos in ApⅢ.