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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
901.
John M. Romansic Amy A. Waggener Betsy A. Bancroft Andrew R. Blaustein 《Hydrobiologia》2009,624(1):219-233
Ambient levels of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) have a variety of detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. These include
death and effects on growth, development, physiology, and behavior. Amphibians show all of these effects. However, the effects
vary with species, life history stage, and ecological context. Little is known about the implications of the detrimental effects
of UVB on ecological dynamics. Our study was designed to test how UVB may affect predator–prey interactions, an important
ecological dynamic. Specifically, we tested the effect of UVB on the susceptibility of Cascades frog (Rana cascadae) larvae to predation by rough-skinned newts (Taricha granulosa). We also further examined the sublethal effects of UVB on growth and development in Cascades frog larvae. We found no direct
effect of UVB exposure on survival. However, UVB-exposed frog larvae displayed decreased growth and increased prevalence of
deformities. UVB also caused increased susceptibility to predation, but there was a significant treatment–block interaction.
UVB increased susceptibility to predation in two out of five blocks of Cascades frogs. The other three blocks did not show
an effect of UVB on susceptibility to predation. Our study suggests that UVB can alter susceptibility to predation in at least
one amphibian species. UVB-induced alteration of predator–prey interactions could potentially lead to changes at the population,
community, and ecosystem levels.
Handling editor: K. Martens 相似文献
902.
903.
Globalization has changed the habitats of various species, resulting in harmful pest invasion. Among these pests, Metcalfa pruinosa has caused worldwide economic and hygienic damage in both urban and agricultural/forested areas. It has been reported that prediction of pest distribution is key to the management of pest prevention. Hence, this study aimed to predict the potential geographic distribution of M. pruinosa under the current climate and under a climate change scenario. CLIMEX, modeling software that analyzes the habitat suitability of a target species based on comprehensive climatic and physiological data, was used mainly to establish a map of predictive distribution of M. pruinosa at present and in the future. Based on our simulations, we predict that M. pruinosa will tend to extend its distribution northward in North America and Europe. We conclude that climate change could result in M. pruinosa invasion in a northward direction, suggesting the need for a thorough system of control and prevention. 相似文献
904.
905.
Correlation between redistribution of a 26 kDa protein and development of chronic thermotolerance in various mammalian cell lines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y J Lee Z Z Hou L Curetty M J Borrelli P M Corry 《Journal of cellular physiology》1990,145(2):324-332
Previous studies suggested that a 26 kDa protein might play an important role in protein synthesis-independent thermotolerance development in CHO cells. To determine if this phenomenon was universal, four mammalian cell lines, viz., CHO, HA-1, murine Swiss 3T3, and human HeLa, were studied. Cells were heated at 42 degrees C, and the level of 26 kDa protein in the nucleus was measured, together with clonogenic survival and protein synthesis. The results demonstrated that 1) the 26-kDa protein was present in the four different cell lines, and 2) the level of the 26 kDa protein in their nuclei was decreased by 30-70% after heating at 42 degrees C for 1 hr. However, restoration of this protein occurred along with development of chronic thermotolerance. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (10 micrograms/ml) neither inhibited the development of chronic thermotolerance nor affected the restoration of the 26 kDa protein in the nucleus. In fact, this drug protected cells from hyperthermic killing and heat-induced reduction of 26 kDa protein in the nucleus. Heat sensitizers, quercetin (0.1 mM), 3,3'-dipentyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC5[3]: 5 micrograms/ml), and stepdown heating (45 degrees C-10 min----42 degrees C), potentiated hyperthermic killing and inhibited or delayed the restoration of the 26 kDa protein to the nucleus. These results support a correlated, perhaps causal relationship between the restoration of the 26 kDa protein and chronic thermotolerance development in four different mammalian cell lines. 相似文献
906.
Song MS Moon HJ Kwon HI Pascua PN Lee JH Baek YH Woo KJ Choi J Lee S Yoo H Oh I Yoon Y Rho JB Sung MH Hong SP Kim CJ Choi YK 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2012,50(3):478-488
The threat of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus causing the next pandemic remains a major concern. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of an inactivated whole-virus H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine (MG1109) formulated by Green Cross Co., Ltd containing the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the clade 1 A/Vietnam/1194/04 virus in the backbone of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (RgVietNam/04xPR8/34). Administration of the MG1109 vaccine (2-doses) in mice and ferrets elicited high HI and SN titers in a dose-dependent manner against the homologous (RgVietNam/04xPR8/34) and various heterologous H5N1 strains, (RgKor/W149/06xPR8/34, RgCambodia/04xPR8/34, RgGuangxi/05xPR8/34), including a heterosubtypic H5N2 (A/Aquatic bird/orea/W81/05) virus. However, efficient cross-reactivity was not observed against heterosubtypic H9N2 (A/Ck/Korea/H0802/08) and H1N1 (PR/8/34) viruses. Mice immunized with 1.9 μg HA/dose of MG1109 were completely protected from lethal challenge with heterologous wild-type HPAI H5N1 A/EM/Korea/W149/06 (clade 2.2) and mouse-adapted H5N2 viruses. Furthermore, ferrets administered at least 3.8 μg HA/dose efficiently suppressed virus growth in the upper respiratory tract and lungs. Vaccinated mice and ferrets also demonstrated attenuation of clinical disease signs and limited virus spread to other organs. Thus, this vaccine provided immunogenic responses in mouse and ferret models even against challenge with heterologous HPAI H5N1 and H5N2 viruses. Since the specific strain of HPAI H5N1 virus that would potentially cause the next outbreak is unknown, pre-pandemic vaccine preparation that could provide cross-protection against various H5 strains could be a useful approach in the selection of promising candidate vaccines in the future. 相似文献
907.
908.
Recently, Eskola and Geritz (Bull. Math. Biol. 69:329–346, 2007) showed that several discrete-time population models can be derived mechanistically within a single ecological framework
by varying the within-season patterns of reproduction and inter-individual aggression. However, these models do not have the
Allee effect. In this paper, we modify the original modelling framework by adding different mate finding processes, and thus
derive mechanistically several population models with the Allee effect. 相似文献
909.
910.
The Escherichia coli arginine repressor (ArgR) is an l -arginine-dependent DNA-binding protein that controls expression of the arginine biosynthetic genes and is required as an accessory protein in Xer site-specific recombination at cer and related recombination sites in plasmids. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to isolate two mutants of E. coli ArgR that were defective in arginine binding. Results from in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that these mutants still act as repressors and bind their specific DNA sequences in an arginine-independent manner. Both mutants support Xer site-specific recombination at cer. One of the mutant proteins was purified and shown to bind to its DNA target sequences in vitro with different affinity and as a different molecular species to wild-type ArgR. 相似文献