Heat Generation/Absorption Effects in a Boundary Layer Stretched Flow of Maxwell Nanofluid: Analytic and Numeric Solutions

Analysis has been done to investigate the heat generation/absorption effects in a steady flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid over a surface which is stretching linearly in its own plane. An upper convected Maxwell model (UCM) has been utilized as the non-Newtonian fluid model in view of the fact that it can predict relaxation time phenomenon which the Newtonian model cannot. Behavior of the relaxations phenomenon has been presented in terms of Deborah number. Transport phenomenon with convective cooling process has been analyzed. Brownian motion “D_b” and thermophoresis effects “D_t” occur in the transport equations. The momentum, energy and nanoparticle concentration profiles are examined with respect to the involved rheological parameters namely the Deborah number, source/sink parameter, the Brownian motion parameters, thermophoresis parameter and Biot number. Both numerical and analytic solutions are presented and found in nice agreement. Comparison with the published data is also made to ensure the validity. Stream lines for Maxwell and Newtonian fluid models are presented in the analysis.     

Identification,Isolation and Characterization of <i>GaCyPI</i> Gene in <i>Gossypium arboreum</i> under Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease Stress

Pakistan is facing the threat of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) which is transmitted through whitefly to cotton crop. Molecular mechanism of leaf epicuticular wax protects the plants from different pathogens including insect attack and disease transmission. Objective of current study is the isolation and characterization of a wax related gene GaCyPI from Gossypium arboreum under CLCuV infection. A fragment of 475 bp was isolated from the total RNA and 3’ and 5’ RACE-PCR products were arranged by overlapping the extended sequences at both the ends. Deduced protein sequence of GaCyPI showed homology with Cyclophilin cis-trans isomerase gene of Gossypium ramondii and Gossypium barbadanse. Multiple sequence alignment also revealed homology among the coding sequences of same gene. GaCyPI protein comprised of 173 amino acids and ORF finder revealed the 69 bases upstream at 5’ while 350 bp at 3’UTR. InterProScan revealed that it belongs to Cyclophilin-type peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) family. Active sites are visible at specific amino acid positions and 3D structure was stable in Ramachandran plot. Prosa server showed protein residues have average 3D-1D score >= 0.2 and Z-Score was −6.74. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that G. raimondii is the closest species that shares the same sequence. Hence, GaCyPI has strong role in plants’ epicuticular wax and its genetic transformation may protect the cotton from whitefly which transmits CLCuV.     

Outer Membrane Protein‐Coated Nanoparticles as Antibacterial Vaccine Candidates

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Nanoformulations are novel therapeutic strategies as compared to traditional treatments. The development of biomimetic nanoparticles by...     

Evaluation of deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) gene expression in bladder carcinoma cases: preliminary study

This study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of DMBT1 in bladder cancer and its correlation with clinico-pathological parameters analyzed in bladder carcinoma patients. We investigated DMBT1 in 56 paraffin embedded specimens of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. We assessed DMBT1 gene expression at mRNA level by RT-PCR. Our results show 100% expression of DMBT1 in bladder carcinoma samples. Due to this preliminary results; gene expression was compared to tumor grade, and a significant difference was detected between grade 1 and 3 (p?=?0.028). The down-regulation of DMBT1 gene expression in carcinomas suggests the possible role in bladder cancer.     

Comparative physiological responses of the yeast halotolerance genes expressed in transgenic lines of tomato cv Rio Grande under saline conditions

We previously analyzed the transgenic lines of tomato cv Rio Grande over-expressing the yeast HAL I and HAL II genes for their response to salt stress under in vitro conditions. In this study, six homozygous tomato lines harbouring the yeast HAL I or HAL II genes with highest expression level were selected for exploring their physiological responses against different salt stresses in the field. These transgenic plants showed significant growth and improved water content in comparison with control under 100 and 150 mM salt stress conditions. The HAL I and HAL II lines showed better Ca²⁺ content than their control counterparts. Furthermore, the transgenic lines exhibited lower values of relative electrical conductivity and improved resistance against the fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani when tested by detached leaf and agar tube dilution assays. Physiological analyses carried out in this study suggest an involvement of multiple mechanisms in transgenic tomato plants harbouring yeast genes to confer biotic and abiotic tolerance under stress conditions.     

Stereoselective Synthesis of (3R)‐3‐Alkyl‐4,1‐Benzoxazepine‐2,5‐Diones

Novel 3‐alkyl‐4,1‐benzoxazepine‐2,5‐diones were synthesized in good ee exploiting the chiral pool methodology, an economical way of asymmetric synthesis. Various anthranilic acids are coupled with different α‐haloacids to afford N‐acylated anthranilic acid intermediates which undergo cyclization to (3R)‐3‐alkyl‐4,1‐benzoxazepines‐2,5‐diones. Chirality 25:865–870, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Inhibition of Hyperuricemia and Gouty Arthritis in BALB/c Mice Using Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Biological Trace Element Research - Nanoparticles are known for their unique properties and are being utilized in various disciplines of sciences. Their nanosize enables them to higher exposure and...     

磁场对金针菇菌丝生长的影响及磁受体和铁离子转运蛋白的鉴定表达

磁场作为一种无法避免的自然因子,对生物的生长发育有重要影响。然而,目前磁场对大型真菌影响的研究还鲜有报道。本研究采用铷磁铁对金针菇菌丝进行处理,检测金针菇菌丝在不同磁极刺激下的生长和基因表达规律。结果显示：磁场是铷磁铁抑制金针菇菌丝生长的主要原因,且在磁感应强度0.003T以上对菌丝生长的抑制作用较强。通过同源比对获得一个金针菇磁受体和一个铁离子转运蛋白的编码基因,分别命名为ff-magr和ff-fief。定量PCR结果显示ff-magr在N极和S极均出现显著下调表达,N极和S极磁场对ff-fief 的表达均无显著影响。结果表明：磁受体蛋白参与了金针菇菌丝受磁场抑制的应答过程,而磁受体不仅仅是通过调控铁的含量来调控菌丝的生长发育。以上结果为合理利用磁场调控真菌生长发育奠定基础,同时也为深入研究磁场对真菌生长发育的分子机理提供参考。