全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1048篇 |
免费 | 90篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 48篇 |
2013年 | 49篇 |
2012年 | 69篇 |
2011年 | 89篇 |
2010年 | 55篇 |
2009年 | 60篇 |
2008年 | 77篇 |
2007年 | 65篇 |
2006年 | 73篇 |
2005年 | 68篇 |
2004年 | 64篇 |
2003年 | 68篇 |
2002年 | 69篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 2篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1138条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
162.
163.
Multiplex single‐cell quantification of rare RNA transcripts from protoplasts in a model plant system
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Ulhas S. Kadam Burkhard Schulz Joseph M.K. Irudayaraj 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2017,90(6):1187-1195
Here we demonstrate multiplex and simultaneous detection of four different rare RNA species from plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and gold nanoprobes at single‐cell resolution. We show the applicability of nanoparticle‐based Raman spectroscopic sensor to study intracellular RNA copies. First, we demonstrate that gold‐nanoparticles decorated with Raman probes and carrying specific nucleic acid probe sequences can be uptaken by the protoplasts. We confirm the internalization of gold nanoprobes by transmission electron microscopy, inductively‐coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry and fluorescence imaging. Second, we show the utility of a SERS platform to monitor individual alternatively spliced (AS) variants and miRNA copies within single cells. Finally, the distinctive spectral features of Raman‐active dyes were exploited for multiplex analysis of AtPTB2, AtDCL2, miR156a and miR172a. Furthermore, single‐cell studies were validated by in vitro quantification and evaluation of nanotoxicity of gold probes. Raman tag functionalized gold nanosensors yielded an approach for the tracking of rare RNAs within the protoplasts. The SERS‐based approach for quantification of RNAs has the capability to be a highly sensitive, accurate and discerning method for single‐cell studies including AS variants quantification and rare miRNA detection in specific plant species. 相似文献
164.
Frequent genes in rare diseases: panel‐based next generation sequencing to disclose causal mutations in hereditary neuropathies
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of neurochemistry》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Maike F. Dohrn Nicola Glöckle Lejla Mulahasanovic Corina Heller Julia Mohr Christine Bauer Erik Riesch Andrea Becker Florian Battke Konstanze Hörtnagel Thorsten Hornemann Saranya Suriyanarayanan Markus Blankenburg Jörg B. Schulz Kristl G. Claeys Burkhard Gess Istvan Katona Andreas Ferbert Debora Vittore Alexander Grimm Stefan Wolking Ludger Schöls Holger Lerche G. Christoph Korenke Dirk Fischer Bertold Schrank Urania Kotzaeridou Gerhard Kurlemann Bianca Dräger Anja Schirmacher Peter Young Beate Schlotter‐Weigel Saskia Biskup 《Journal of neurochemistry》2017,143(5):507-522
165.
Guotai Yu Nicolas Champouret Burkhard Steuernagel Pablo D. Olivera Jamie Simmons Cole Williams Ryan Johnson Matthew J. Moscou Inmaculada Hernández-Pinzón Phon Green Hanan Sela Eitan Millet Jonathan D. G. Jones Eric R. Ward Brian J. Steffenson Brande B. H. Wulff 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(6):1207-1222
Key message
We identified two novel wheat stem rust resistance genes, Sr-1644-1Sh and Sr-1644-5Sh in Aegilops sharonensis that are effective against widely virulent African races of the wheat stem rust pathogen.Abstract
Stem rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat in the world. When single stem rust resistance (Sr) genes are deployed in wheat, they are often rapidly overcome by the pathogen. To this end, we initiated a search for novel sources of resistance in diverse wheat relatives and identified the wild goatgrass species Aegilops sharonesis (Sharon goatgrass) as a rich reservoir of resistance to wheat stem rust. The objectives of this study were to discover and map novel Sr genes in Ae. sharonensis and to explore the possibility of identifying new Sr genes by genome-wide association study (GWAS). We developed two biparental populations between resistant and susceptible accessions of Ae. sharonensis and performed QTL and linkage analysis. In an F6 recombinant inbred line and an F2 population, two genes were identified that mapped to the short arm of chromosome 1Ssh, designated as Sr-1644-1Sh, and the long arm of chromosome 5Ssh, designated as Sr-1644-5Sh. The gene Sr-1644-1Sh confers a high level of resistance to race TTKSK (a member of the Ug99 race group), while the gene Sr-1644-5Sh conditions strong resistance to TRTTF, another widely virulent race found in Yemen. Additionally, GWAS was conducted on 125 diverse Ae. sharonensis accessions for stem rust resistance. The gene Sr-1644-1Sh was detected by GWAS, while Sr-1644-5Sh was not detected, indicating that the effectiveness of GWAS might be affected by marker density, population structure, low allele frequency and other factors.166.
Plant ABC proteins--a unified nomenclature and updated inventory 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Verrier PJ Bird D Burla B Dassa E Forestier C Geisler M Klein M Kolukisaoglu U Lee Y Martinoia E Murphy A Rea PA Samuels L Schulz B Spalding EJ Yazaki K Theodoulou FL 《Trends in plant science》2008,13(4):151-159
The ABC superfamily comprises both membrane-bound transporters and soluble proteins involved in a broad range of processes, many of which are of considerable agricultural, biotechnological and medical potential. Completion of the Arabidopsis and rice genome sequences has revealed a particularly large and diverse complement of plant ABC proteins in comparison with other organisms. Forward and reverse genetics, together with heterologous expression, have uncovered many novel roles for plant ABC proteins, but this progress has been accompanied by a confusing proliferation of names for plant ABC genes and their products. A consolidated nomenclature will provide much-needed clarity and a framework for future research. 相似文献
167.
168.
Weiss S Keller M Bernhardt G Buschauer A König B 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(22):9858-9866
According to a 'bivalent ligand approach' to increase the affinity of the potent argininamide-type NPY Y(1) receptor antagonist BIBP-3226, dimeric ligands were synthesized in which two molecules of the parent compound were linked by different spacers via N(G)-acylation at the guanidino groups. A synthetic route for the preparation of the title compounds was developed, which includes a copper(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition as the key step. Three bivalent analogues of BIBP-3226 were prepared showing nanomolar antagonistic activity and binding affinity to the NPY Y(1) receptor (calcium assay on HEL cells, radioligand binding assay on SK-N-MC cells), but these ligands were not superior to the parent compound and there was no correlation with the length or the chemical nature of the spacer. A trivalent BIBP-3226 derivate showed, surprisingly, no affinity to the NPY Y(1) receptor at all. 相似文献
169.
Ulbrich C Westphal K Baatout S Wehland M Bauer J Flick B Infanger M Kreutz R Vadrucci S Egli M Cogoli A Derradji H Pietsch J Paul M Grimm D 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2008,104(4):1324-1341
Fibroblast growth factors interact with appropriate endothelial cell (EC) surface receptors and initiate intracellular signal cascades, which participate in modulating blood vessel growth. EC, upon exposure to basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGFs) undergo profound functional alterations, which depend on their actual sensitivity and involve gene expression and de novo protein synthesis. We investigated the effects of bFGF on signaling pathways of EA.hy926 cells in different environments. EC were cultured under normal gravity (1 g) and simulated microgravity (micro g) using a three-dimensional (3D) clinostat. Microgravity induced early and late apoptosis, extracellular matrix proteins, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and TGF-beta(1) expression. Microgravity reduced eNOS mRNA within 24 h. Moreover, a six- to eightfold higher amount of IL-6 and IL-8 was secreted within 24 h micro g. In addition, microgravity induced a duplication of NF-kappaB p50, while p65 was quadrupled. At 1 g, bFGF application (4 h) reduced ET-1, TGF-beta(1) and eNOS gene expression. After 24 h, bFGF enhanced fibronectin, VEGF, Flk-1, Flt-1, the release of IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-beta(1). Furthermore, bFGF promoted apoptosis, reduced NFkB p50, but enhanced NFkB p65. After 4 h micro g, bFGF decreased TGF-beta(1), eNOS, and ET-1 gene expression. After 24 h micro g, bFGF elevated fibronectin, Flk-1 and Flt-1 protein, and reduced IL-6 and IL-8 compared with vehicle treated micro g cultures. In micro g, bFGF enhanced NF-KappaB p50 by 50%, Bax by 25% and attenuated p65, activation of caspase-3 and annexin V-positive cells. bFGF differently changes intracellular signals in ECs depending whether it is applied under microgravity or normal gravity conditions. In microgravity, bFGF contributes to protect the EC from apoptosis. 相似文献
170.