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51.
Georgia Tsagkogeorga Xavier Turon Russell R Hopcroft Marie-Ka Tilak Tamar Feldstein Noa Shenkar Yossi Loya Dorothée Huchon Emmanuel JP Douzery Frédéric Delsuc 《BMC evolutionary biology》2009,9(1):187-16
Background
Tunicates have been recently revealed to be the closest living relatives of vertebrates. Yet, with more than 2500 described species, details of their evolutionary history are still obscure. From a molecular point of view, tunicate phylogenetic relationships have been mostly studied based on analyses of 18S rRNA sequences, which indicate several major clades at odds with the traditional class-level arrangements. Nonetheless, substantial uncertainty remains about the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of key groups such as the Aplousobranchia, Appendicularia, and Thaliacea. 相似文献52.
GMDD: a database of GMO detection methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wei Dong Litao Yang Kailin Shen Banghyun Kim Gijs A Kleter Hans JP Marvin Rong Guo Wanqi Liang Dabing Zhang 《BMC bioinformatics》2008,9(1):260
Background
Since more than one hundred events of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been developed and approved for commercialization in global area, the GMO analysis methods are essential for the enforcement of GMO labelling regulations. Protein and nucleic acid-based detection techniques have been developed and utilized for GMOs identification and quantification. However, the information for harmonization and standardization of GMO analysis methods at global level is needed. 相似文献53.
54.
Background
Comparative genomic data among organisms allow the reconstruction of their phylogenies and evolutionary time scales. Molecular timings have been recently used to suggest that environmental global change have shaped the evolutionary history of diverse terrestrial organisms. Living xenarthrans (armadillos, anteaters and sloths) constitute an ideal model for studying the influence of past environmental changes on species diversification. Indeed, extant xenarthran species are relicts from an evolutionary radiation enhanced by their isolation in South America during the Tertiary era, a period for which major climate variations and tectonic events are relatively well documented. 相似文献55.
JP Herv s J. Martí -Clú a A. Mu oz-Garcí a MC Santa-Cruz 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2002,77(1):27-35
We have optimised an indirect immunoperoxidase technique demonstrating bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into dividing cells for cerebellar tissue sections of four-day-old rats injected with this marker. This permits confident identification of granule-cell precursors engaged in DNA synthesis in the external granular layer of the developing cerebellum. Preservation of BrdU immunoreactivity is attained using methanol/acetic acid fixation and different pretreatments before immunostaining, while unlabeled nuclei can be recognized clearly after Feulgen or hematoxylin counterstaining. We established conditions to ensure satisfactory BrdU uptake without affecting cell-cycle progression during the postlabeling time period. The dose of BrdU employed provides saturation S-phase labeling from at least 1 h after BrdU delivery. Various kinetic parameters and phase durations have been determined in experiments involving a single injection or cumulative labeling sequences, and the cycle time was calculated based on two models of generative behavior: steady-state and exponential growth. The working hypothesis of steadystate kinetics can be adopted successfully if the existence of neuroblasts with different proliferation rates is taken into account. 相似文献
56.
Castagnone-Sereno P; Semblat JP; Leroy F; Abad P 《Molecular biology and evolution》1998,15(9):1115-1122
A highly abundant satellite DNA comprising 20% of the Meloidogyne fallax
(Nematoda, Tylenchida) genome was cloned and sequenced. The satellite
monomer is 173 bp long and has a high A + T content of 72.3%, with frequent
runs of A's and T's. The sequence variability of the monomers is 2.7%,
mainly due to random distribution of single-point mutations. A search for
evidence of internal repeated subunits in the monomer sequence revealed a
6-bp motif (AAATTT) for which five degenerated repeats, differing by just a
single base pair, could be identified. Pairwise comparison of the M. fallax
satellite with those from the sympatric species Meloidogyne chitwoodi and
Meloidogyne hapla revealed a high sequence similarity (68.39%) with one
satellite DNA subfamily in M. chitwoodi, which indicated an unexpected
close relationship between them. Given the high copy number and the extreme
sequence homogeneity among monomeric units, it may be assumed that the
satellite DNA of M. fallax could have evolved through some recent and
extensive amplification burst in the nematode genome. In this case, its
relatively short life would not yet have allowed the accumulation of random
mutations in independent amplified repeats. Considering the morphological
resemblance between the two species and their ability to produce
interspecific fertile hybrids under controlled conditions, these results
indicate that M. fallax may share a common ancestor with M. chitwoodi, from
which it could have diverged recently. All these data suggest that M.
fallax could be the result of a recent speciation process and show that
Meloidogyne satellite DNAs may be of interest to resolve phylogenetic
relationships among closely related species from this genus.
相似文献
57.
58.
Radiolabeled Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus DNA probes were used in a DNA hybridization assay to detect the presence of viral DNA in extracts from infected larvae. Total DNA was extracted from larvae, bound to nitrocellulose filters, and assayed for the presence of viral DNA by two methods: slot-blot vacuum filtration and whole-larval squashes. To test the assays, neonate larvae were fed droplets containing a known concentration of L. dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus and observed for up to 10 days to determine the percentage of infected larvae. The average percent mortalities were 88.0, 60.7, 26.0, and 5.3% for larvae fed droplets containing 4.0 x 10(4), 1.0 x 10(4), 2.5 x 10(3), and 6.25 x 10(2) polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs) per ml, respectively. Other larvae treated with the same virus concentrations were frozen at 2, 4, and 6 days postinoculation and examined by the hybridization techniques. The average percentage of slot blots containing viral DNA equaled 81.0, 58.0, 18.0, and 6.0% for larvae blotted 4 days after treatment with 4.0 x 10(4), 1.0 x 10(4), 2.5 x 10(3), and 6.25 x 10(2) PIBs per ml, respectively, and 89.9, 52.1, 26.6, and 6.0%, respectively at 6 days postinoculation. Thus, the hybridization results were closely correlated with mortality observed in reared larvae. Hybridization of squashes of larvae frozen 4 days after receiving the above virus treatments also produced accurate measures of the incidence of virus infection. 相似文献
59.
60.
Tim?Lu Christine?M?Costello Peter?JP?Croucher Robert?H?sler Günther?Deuschl Stefan?SchreiberEmail author 《BMC bioinformatics》2005,6(1):37