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11.
12.
Amiloride does not alter NaCl avoidance in Fischer-344 rats 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Fischer-344 (F-344) rats differ from other common rat strains in that they
fail to show any preference for NaCl at any concentration in two- bottle
preference tests. Because 100 microM amiloride partially blocks the
NaCl-evoked chorda tympani (CT) response in electrophysiological studies,
we tested NaCl preference (0.068-0.273 M) in F-344 rats with and without
100 microM amiloride solution as the solvent. A third group was tested with
unadulterated NaCl solutions following CT transection. Amiloride had no
significant effect on the NaCl preference-aversion function, whereas CT
transection significantly reduced NaCl avoidance. These results suggest
that the amiloride-sensitive component of the NaCl response is not
necessary for F-344 rats to display avoidance of NaCl, but the entire CT
input is.
相似文献
13.
Deutsch EW Ball CA Berman JJ Bova GS Brazma A Bumgarner RE Campbell D Causton HC Christiansen JH Daian F Dauga D Davidson DR Gimenez G Goo YA Grimmond S Henrich T Herrmann BG Johnson MH Korb M Mills JC Oudes AJ Parkinson HE Pascal LE Pollet N Quackenbush J Ramialison M Ringwald M Salgado D Sansone SA Sherlock G Stoeckert CJ Swedlow J Taylor RC Walashek L Warford A Wilkinson DG Zhou Y Zon LI Liu AY True LD 《Nature biotechnology》2008,26(3):305-312
One purpose of the biomedical literature is to report results in sufficient detail that the methods of data collection and analysis can be independently replicated and verified. Here we present reporting guidelines for gene expression localization experiments: the minimum information specification for in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry experiments (MISFISHIE). MISFISHIE is modeled after the Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment (MIAME) specification for microarray experiments. Both guidelines define what information should be reported without dictating a format for encoding that information. MISFISHIE describes six types of information to be provided for each experiment: experimental design, biomaterials and treatments, reporters, staining, imaging data and image characterizations. This specification has benefited the consortium within which it was developed and is expected to benefit the wider research community. We welcome feedback from the scientific community to help improve our proposal. 相似文献
14.
Ie-Bin Lian Yi-Hsien Lin Ying-Chao Lin Hsin-Chou Yang Chee-Jang Chang Cathy SJ Fann 《BMC bioinformatics》2008,9(1):246
Background
Association testing is a powerful tool for identifying disease susceptibility genes underlying complex diseases. Technological advances have yielded a dramatic increase in the density of available genetic markers, necessitating an increase in the number of association tests required for the analysis of disease susceptibility genes. As such, multiple-tests corrections have become a critical issue. However the conventional statistical corrections on locus-specific multiple tests usually result in lower power as the number of markers increases. Alternatively, we propose here the application of the longest significant run (LSR) method to estimate a region-specific p-value to provide an index for the most likely candidate region. 相似文献15.
Hsin-Chou Yang Mei-Chu Huang Ling-Hui Li Chien-Hsing Lin Alice LT Yu Mitchell B Diccianni Jer-Yuarn Wu Yuan-Tsong Chen Cathy SJ Fann 《BMC bioinformatics》2008,9(1):196
Background
Microarray-based pooled DNA experiments that combine the merits of DNA pooling and gene chip technology constitute a pivotal advance in biotechnology. This new technique uses pooled DNA, thereby reducing costs associated with the typing of DNA from numerous individuals. Moreover, use of an oligonucleotide gene chip reduces costs related to processing various DNA segments (e.g., primers, reagents). Thus, the technique provides an overall cost-effective solution for large-scale genomic/genetic research. However, few publicly shared tools are available to systematically analyze the rapidly accumulating volume of whole-genome pooled DNA data. 相似文献16.
Background
Microarray technology is increasingly used to identify potential biomarkers for cancer prognostics and diagnostics. Previously, we have developed the iterative Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) algorithm for use in classification. Here, we extend the iterative BMA algorithm for application to survival analysis on high-dimensional microarray data. The main goal in applying survival analysis to microarray data is to determine a highly predictive model of patients' time to event (such as death, relapse, or metastasis) using a small number of selected genes. Our multivariate procedure combines the effectiveness of multiple contending models by calculating the weighted average of their posterior probability distributions. Our results demonstrate that our iterative BMA algorithm for survival analysis achieves high prediction accuracy while consistently selecting a small and cost-effective number of predictor genes. 相似文献17.
JF Yuan SJ Zhang O Jafer RA Furlong OE Chausiaux CA Sargent GH Zhang NA Affara 《BMC microbiology》2009,9(1):246
Background
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesviruses whose native host is pig. PRV infection mainly causes signs of central nervous system disorder in young pigs, and respiratory system diseases in the adult. 相似文献18.
19.
Jennifer R. Griffiths Daniel E. Schindler Gregory T. Ruggerone Joseph D. Bumgarner 《Oikos》2014,123(6):687-698
The physical landscape filters regional climate variation such that the environmental conditions an organism experiences are unique to the characteristics of local habitat features. While it has become apparent that populations may show watershed‐specific responses to changing climate within a geographic region, the population dynamics of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. suggest that within watershed climate filtering is also important. Growth provides an integrated measure of habitat quality capturing the overall response of individuals to climate as filtered by their habitat and their response to the biological interactions in the ecosystem. We used two different long‐term datasets, scales from returning adults and juvenile length measurements, to assess the response of sockeye salmon O. nerka growth during their juvenile life phase to single and integrated measures of climate within a watershed between 1950 and 2010. Scale growth showed evidence for differences among stocks rearing in different lake habitats within the same Alaska Peninsula watershed. These lakes have substantially different morphometry and showed opposite responses to changes in spring and fall air temperatures. Juvenile length data were also available for one of these stocks and indicated that density effects were relatively weak in contrast to the effects of temperature. While direct measures of juvenile length and measures derived from adult scales showed some similarity in their trends over time, they indicated opposite effects of air temperature. Throughout the range of Pacific salmon, climate change is altering freshwater ecosystems through changes to temperature, precipitation and associated variables. These data suggest that sockeye salmon populations are experiencing climate filtering at a sub‐watershed scale. Maintaining connected, heterogeneous landscapes will therefore likely be important for providing productive habitat for sockeye salmon across a range of climate conditions that they are going to experience under new climate regimes. 相似文献
20.
This study demonstrates that an ascorbate-recycling system in the midgut lumen can act as an effective antioxidant defense in caterpillars that feed on prooxidant-rich foods. In tannin-sensitive larvae of the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria (Lasiocampidae), ingested tannic acid is oxidized in the midgut lumen, generating significant quantities of peroxides, including hydrogen peroxide, which readily diffuses across cell membranes and is a powerful cytotoxin. By contrast, in the tannin-tolerant larvae of the white-marked tussock moth, Orgyia leucostigma (Lymantriidae), tannic acid oxidation and the generation of peroxides are suppressed. The superior defense of O. leucostigma against oxidative stress imposed by the oxidation of ingested polyphenols can be explained by the presence of higher concentrations of ascorbate and glutathione in the midgut lumen. In O. leucostigma at least 50% of the ingested ascorbate present in the anterior midgut is still present in the posterior midgut, whereas in M. disstria, only 10% of the ascorbate is present in the posterior half of the midgut. We propose that the maintenance of higher levels of ascorbate in the midgut lumen of O. leucostigma than in M. disstria is explained by the secretion of glutathione into the midgut lumen by O. leucostigma, thereby forming a complete ascorbate-recycling system. The concentration of glutathione in the midgut lumen of O. leucostigma is 3.5-fold higher than in M. disstria and more than double the concentration in the diet. Our results emphasize the importance of a defensive strategy in herbivorous insects based on the maintenance of conditions in the gut lumen that reduce or eliminate the potential prooxidant behavior of ingested phenols. 相似文献