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101.
Brian P. O’Neill Matthew P. Purnell David J. Anderson Lars K. Nielsen Stevens M. Brumbley 《Tropical plant biology》2012,5(2):173-182
A theoretical high-yield sugarcane biofactory can be idealised as containing culm tissue that functions as a secondary source tissue rather than a sink. To investigate this potential process, heterotrophic axillary bud outgrowth from sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) setts was used as a model system to demonstrate that sucrose is a mobilisable carbon source. The outgrowth and subsequent biomass accumulation of axillary buds from two-eye setts of mature sugarcane stalks grown in the dark was used to measure carbon mobilisation from sett internode pith tissue. After 42 days growth 99.0 ± 0.72% of sett internode pith sucrose was depleted and 2.66 ± 0.16 g of new tissue accumulated. Comparison with a control treatment in which axillary buds were excised at day zero demonstrated that carbon mobilisation was driven by the accumulation of new biomass. Profiling of soluble carbohydrates (viz. sucrose, glucose and fructose), starch, total soluble protein, total amino nitrogen, free amino acids and total insoluble material showed that the sucrose stored in the sett internode pith was the only available carbon source of sufficient size at day zero for the observed biomass accumulation. Other metabolites mobilised were glucose, fructose and some amino acids, notably isoleucine and leucine that were depleted in shoot treatment setts at day 42. 相似文献
102.
Developing taste buds in the anterior mandibular floor of perihatching
chicks were studied by high voltage electron microscopic autoradiography in
order to identify proliferating gemmal cell types. Montaged profiles of 29
taste buds in five cases euthanized between embryonic day 21 and
posthatching day 2 were analyzed after a single [3H]thymidine injection
administered on embryonic day 16, 17 or 18. Results showed that dark cells
comprised 55% of identified (n = 900 cells) and 62% of labeled (n = 568
cells) gemmal cells as compared with light, intermediate, basal or
perigemmal bud cells. Dark cells had both a greater (P < 0.05) number of
labeled cells and a greater amount of label (grains/nucleus) than the other
four bud cell types, irrespective of injection day. The nuclear area
(micron 2) of dark cells was not significantly larger (P > 0.05) than
that of the other gemmal cell types and therefore cannot account for the
greater amount for label in the dark cells. Interestingly, only dark cells
showed a positive correlation (P < 0.003) between amount of label and
nuclear area. Results suggest that, during the perihatching period of
robust cell proliferation, dividing dark cells may give rise primarily, but
not exclusively, to dark cell progeny.
相似文献
103.
The major rivers of the South African ‘Lowveld’ (low-latitude savanna) suffer numerous impacts from upstream economic activities. Whereas monitoring these rivers is required to detect biodiversity losses, record pollution events and devise mitigation strategies, current monitoring programmes are inadequate. In 2009, the South African Earth Observation Network initiated an intensive long-term research programme on the Lowveld reaches of the Olifants River. Physico-chemical parameters, aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish abundances were recorded at four Lowveld sites in the Olifants River. We review six years of this programme. The results suggest deterioration in the ecological condition of the Olifants River with no discernible improvement through protected areas. Trends could not be detected. The parameters measured, sampling methods and/or sampling frequency might be responsible for the limited trends observed, or alternatively the results simply reflect stable conditions despite on-going pollution. Real time monitoring and an expansion in the parameters monitored would add value to the monitoring programme. 相似文献