The functional significance of E-β-Farnesene: Does it influence the populations of aphid natural enemies in the fields?

Aphids cause much damage to Chinese cabbage in northern China. Over reliance on pesticides have large environmental and human health costs that compel researchers to seek alternative management tactics for aphid control. The component of aphid alarm pheromone, E-β-Farnesene (EβF), extracted from Matricaria chamomilla L., which attracts natural enemies in the laboratory, may have significant implications for the design of cabbage aphid control strategies. The purpose of this paper is to understand the effects of EβF on natural enemies to cabbage aphid control in Chinese cabbage fields. Ladybeetles on Chinese cabbage leaves in EβF released plots and Aphidiidae in EβF released yellow traps were significantly higher than those of in controls. No significant differences were detected in the interactions of different treatments and the two years for all natural enemies. More important, lower aphid densities were found in EβF released plots. Our results suggested that the EβF extracted from M. chamomilla L. could attract natural enemies to reduce cabbage aphids in the Chinese cabbage fields.     

高效液相色谱法测定体液中硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐

目的和方法 :应用高效液相色谱技术建立一种灵敏的检测不同体液中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的方法。结果 :唾液、血清及尿液经过不同方法处理后应用高效液相色谱ODS反相柱分离 ,紫外检测器于 2 10nm检测其中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量。整个分离过程少于 7min ,硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的测定线性范围分别为 0 .7～ 10 0ng、5～ 10 0ng ,最低检测极限分别为 0 .3ng和 2ng。硝酸盐回收率为 99%～ 10 2 % ,亚硝酸盐回收率为 99%～ 10 4 %。测定硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐的精密度分别为 0 .8%和 1.7%。结论 :本法测定硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐简便、灵敏度高、特异性好     

湿地生态系统健康研究进展

湿地作为一个生态系统 ,具有多种功能和价值 ,是人类最重要的环境资本之一 ,被称为“自然之肾”。湿地在蓄洪防旱、调节气候、控制土壤侵蚀、促淤造陆、降解环境污染等方面起着极其重要的作用。湿地拥有丰富的野生动植物资源 ,是众多野生动植物特别是珍稀水禽的繁殖和越冬地。不仅如此 ,湿地向人类提供大量的生产和生活资料 [1] 。然而 ,近些年来一些地区的湿地状况令人担忧 ,具体表现城市化、工业化、路基建设、农业开发及废物处理等造成湿地面积的缩小 ;水利、灌溉、水库蒸发、河流及地下水过度提取 ,沼泽地排水、挖渠、土地开荒、筑堤造…     

景观污染：一个亟待解决的问题

我国是一个山川秀美、风景名胜众多的大国 ,更以她独特的自然风光、古老的文化吸引着国内外的游客。风景区的自然景观是珍贵的自然遗产 ,与之相映生辉的文化景观更是一个民族的文化生态形象。因此 ,世界各国都十分重视保护自己的景观多样性和文化多样性。我国许多风景区是重视景观保护的 ,对风景资源进行了科学的评价和规划 ,制定了景观保护的对策。但是 ,也有不少地方忽视景观保护 ,景观污染的事件屡有发生。究其原因 ,除了受经济利益驱动影响导致短期行为之外 ,更主要是对这一问题认识不足。1　什么是景观污染 ?风景区和自然保护区的景观 …     

Field evaluation of resistance of transgenic rice containing a synthetic cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner to two stem borers

Two transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines, KMD1 and KMD2 at the R4 generation, transformed with a synthetic cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, were first evaluated for stem borer resistance in the field during the rice growing season of 1998 in two areas of Zhejiang Province, China. Both KMD1 and KMD2 were highly resistant to the stem borers Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), and were completely undamaged during the whole rice growing season. In contrast, damage to the plants of the untransformed parental control (Xiushui 11) was in the form of deadhearts or whiteheads. Under natural infestation by the C. suppressalis, the damage to control plants reached a peak of 88.7% of plants and 20.1% of tillers encountered with deadhearts. Under artificial and natural infestation of neonate striped stem borers at the vegetative stage and booting stage, 100% of plants and 25.6% of tillers, 78.9% of plants and 15.6% of productive tillers among artificially infested control plants were observed with the symptom of deadhearts and whiteheads, respectively. Damage to the control plants from artificial infestation by the S. incertulas reached a peak of 97.0% of plants and 22.9% of tillers damaged. The field research indicated that both KMD1 and KMD2 show great potential for protecting rice from attack by these two stem borers.     

生物传感芯片质谱及其在蛋白质组研究中的应用

目前蛋白质组研究技术在已有的研究基础上取得了长足进展 ,包括固相 ｐＨ梯度双向凝胶电泳、生物质谱技术、蛋白质双向电泳图谱的数字化和各种分析技术、蛋白质间相互作用分析的方法如酵母双杂交系统、噬菌体展示、表面等离子共振等。但均各有其利弊。目前质谱是进行蛋白质组成分鉴定的支撑技术 ,但是它在蛋白质间相互作用分析及结构与功能的关系分析方面显得无能为力 ,而生物分子相互作用分析技术 (Ｂｉｏｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ,ＢＩＡ)是进行蛋白质相互作用分析的较好技术 ,将两者结合起来在蛋白质组…     

LncRNA882 regulates leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) by sponging miR-15b in the endometrial epithelium cells of dairy goat

Despite the fact that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play roles in almost all biological processes, little is known about their biological function in the endometrium during the formation of endometrial receptivity. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs in goat endometrial tissues on Day 5 (prereceptive endometrium, PE) and Day 15 (receptive endometrium, RE) of pregnancy was performed by using RNA-Seq. As a result, 668 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were found between the PE and RE. Further study showed that lncRNA882, regulated by estrogen (E2) and progestin (P4), could act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for miR-15b, which inhibited the expression of transforming growth factor-b-activated kinase 1 binding protein 3 (TAB3) and then indirectly regulated the level of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). This was helpful for the formation of endometrial receptivity in dairy goats. In conclusion, we elucidated the endometrium lncRNA profiles of PE and RE in dairy goats; lncRNA882 acted as a ceRNA for miR-15b and then indirectly regulated the level of LIF in goat endometrial epithelium cells. Thus, this study helped us to better understand the molecular regulation of endometrial receptivity in dairy goats.     

种间竞争的一个新的数学模型—对经典的Lotka—Vol—terra竞争方程的扩充

本文根据营养动力学理论,建立了一类种间竞争的新的数学模型:它是单种群增长的Cui-Lawson模型,在种间竞争上的推广。新的种间竞争模型克服了经典的种间竞争的Lotka-Volteira方程的局限与不足,具有更广泛和复杂的行为,并在特殊条件下以Lotka-Volterra竞争方程为其特例。因此,新的种间竞争的数学模型是更一般的解释性模型,是对经典的Lotka-Voterra竞争方程的扩充。     

Experimental Identification of “Songlan” (Isatis indigotica) and Woad (I.tinctoria) Introduced into China

“Song Lan” is a source of Chinese drugs such as “Daqingye”, “Banlangen” or “Qingdai”. We have discovered that the two species, “Song Lan” (Isatis indigotica Fort.) and woad (I. tinctoria L.), were mistakenly described in the literature due to their morphological polymorphism. In order to clarify the two species, cytology examination, pollen analysis, electrophoretic analysis of isoenzymes and soluble protein were performed. The results show that previous non-trichiferous type of woad is a “Song Lan”. As in woad, “Song Lan” is also morphologically of great variability. The base of canline leaves in this species may be sagittate or auriculate. We have not found the non-trichiferous type of woad in our country. It is reported for the first time that the chromosome number for “Song Lan” is 2n=14. The content of the indole glucoside in fresh leaves of “Song Lan” is about five timeshigher than in woad. For medicine cultivation of “Song Lan” is favorable.