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101.
Strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors (GlyRs) are known to mediate synaptic inhibition in spinal cord, brainstem and other regions of the CNS. During the past 5 years, considerable progress has been made in delineating structural determinants of ligand binding and channel activation in recombinant GlyRs. Furthermore, immunohistochemical and gene inactivation studies have disclosed distinct distributions and functions of differentially expressed GlyR subtypes in retina, hippocampus and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Accordingly, GlyRs regulate not only the excitability of motor and sensory neurones, but are also essential for the processing of photoreceptor signals, neuronal development and inflammatory pain sensitization. Hence, these receptors constitute promising targets for the development of clinically useful compounds. 相似文献
102.
A method to grow the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii in microtiter plates has been optimized and now allows the parallel generation of very reproducible growth curves. The doubling time in a synthetic medium with glucose is around 6 h. The method was used to optimize glucose and casamino acid concentrations, to clarify carbon source usage and to analyze vitamin dependence. The characterization of osmotolerance revealed that after a lag phase of 24 h, H. volcanii is able to grow at salt concentrations as low as 0.7 M NaCl, much lower than the 1.4 M NaCl described as the lowest concentration until now. The application of oxidative stresses showed that H. volcanii exhibits a reaction to paraquat that is delayed by about 10 h. Surprisingly, only one of two amino acid auxotrophic mutants could be fully supplemented by the addition of the respective amino acid. Analysis of eight sRNA gene deletion mutants exemplified that the method can be applied for bona fide phenotyping of mutant collections. This method for the parallel analysis of many cultures contributes towards making H. volcanii an archaeal model species for functional genomic approaches. 相似文献
103.
Iveta Novakova Eva-Anne Subileau Stefan Toegel Daniela Gruber Bodo Lachmann Ernst Urban Christophe Chesne Christian R. Noe Winfried Neuhaus 《PloS one》2014,9(1)
The aim of this work was to conduct a comprehensive study about the transport properties of NSAIDs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. Transport studies with celecoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen, meloxicam, piroxicam and tenoxicam were accomplished across Transwell models based on cell line PBMEC/C1-2, ECV304 or primary rat brain endothelial cells. Single as well as group substance studies were carried out. In group studies substance group compositions, transport medium and serum content were varied, transport inhibitors verapamil and probenecid were added. Resulted permeability coefficients were compared and normalized to internal standards diazepam and carboxyfluorescein. Transport rankings of NSAIDs across each model were obtained. Single substance studies showed similar rankings as corresponding group studies across PBMEC/C1-2 or ECV304 cell layers. Serum content, glioma conditioned medium and inhibitors probenecid and verapamil influenced resulted permeability significantly. Basic differences of transport properties of the investigated NSAIDs were similar comparing all three in vitro BBB models. Different substance combinations in the group studies and addition of probenecid and verapamil suggested that transporter proteins are involved in the transport of every tested NSAID. Results especially underlined the importance of same experimental conditions (transport medium, serum content, species origin, cell line) for proper data comparison. 相似文献
104.
105.
Hanne M. Norseth Patricia D. Ndhlovu Elisabeth Kleppa Bodo S. Randrianasolo Peter M. Jourdan Borghild Roald Sigve D. Holmen Svein G. Gundersen Jayanthilall Bagratee Mathias Onsrud Eyrun F. Kjetland 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2014,8(11)
Background
Schistosoma (S.) haematobium is a neglected tropical disease which may affect any part of the genital tract in women. Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) may cause abnormal vaginal discharge, contact bleeding, genital tumours, ectopic pregnancies and increased susceptibility to HIV. Symptoms may mimic those typical of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and women with genital schistosomiasis may be incorrectly diagnosed. An expert consensus meeting suggested that the following findings by visual inspection should serve as proxy indicators for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis of the lower genital tract in women from S. haematobium endemic areas: sandy patches appearing as (1) single or clustered grains or (2) sandy patches appearing as homogenous, yellow areas, or (3) rubbery papules. In this atlas we aim to provide an overview of the genital mucosal manifestations of schistosomiasis in women.Methodology/Principal findings
Photocolposcopic images were captured from women, between 1994 and 2012 in four different study sites endemic for S. haematobium in Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Madagascar. Images and specimens were sampled from sexually active women between 15 and 49 years of age. Colposcopic images of other diseases are included for differential diagnostic purposes.Significance
This is the first atlas to present the clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis in the lower female genital tract. It will be freely available for online use, downloadable as a presentation and for print. It could be used for training purposes, further research, and in clinical practice. 相似文献106.
Jakob Fay Deike Varoga Christoph J Wruck Bodo Kurz Mary B Goldring Thomas Pufe 《Arthritis research & therapy》2007,8(6):R189
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes cartilage-degrading pathways, and there is evidence for the involvement
of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cartilage degeneration. However, a relationship between ROS and VEGF has not been reported.
Here, we investigate whether the expression of VEGF is modulated by ROS. 相似文献
107.
medizinische genetik - 相似文献
108.
Azefack Leon Tapondjou Ngninzeko Fernande Ngounou David Lontsi Beibam Lucas Sondengam Marie-Therese Martin Bernard Bodo 《Phytochemistry》1995,40(6):1761-1764
From the methylated trunk wood extracts of Myrianthus liberecus, six pentacyclic triterpenes have been isolated as their methyl esters. These included the known methyl benthamate, methyl euscaphate, methyl tormentate, methyl arjunolate, methyl 3-isoarjunolate and methyl 3β-O-(4″-O-methyl-E-coumaroyl)-arjunolate, a new triterpene derivative. 相似文献
109.
Bodo Kurz Brita von Gaudecker Brigitte Krisch Rolf Mentlein 《Cell and tissue research》1996,283(2):221-229
A new method for the long-term culture of pure rat thymic epithelial cells was established. The cultures were characterized
by immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy and proliferation assays. Non-epithelial thymic cells were eliminated with a reliable
and reproducible pre-plating method, by differential trypsin treatment of the cultures and by addition of horse serum to the
culture medium instead of fetal calf serum. The final cultures contained more than 95% pure epithelial cells as evidenced
by immunostaining for cytokeratin. Ultrastructural studies indicated that these cells are physiologically active epithelial
cells with tonofilaments, desmosomes and filopods. The subsets of the thymic epithelial cells in vitro were investigated by
comparing their staining pattern with that obtained in situ using several subtype-selective antibodies. Thymic epithelial
cells in vitro showed a preferential expression of subcapsular/perivascular and medullary markers. Only few cultivated cells
were of cortical origin. In the first to the fourth subcultures, some cells were immunopositive for the thymus hormone/factor
thymulin. The proliferation of thymic epithelial cells was stimulated by horse serum and to a lesser extend by fetal calf
serum. The adenylate cyclase activators isoproterenol and forskolin, and the glucocorticoid cortisol inhibited the proliferation.
Received: 12 May 1995 / Accepted: 13 October 1995 相似文献
110.
The effects of check dams and other erosion control structures on the restoration of Andean bofedal ecosystems
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Restoring degraded lands in rural environments that are heavily managed to meet subsistence needs is a challenge due to high rates of disturbance and resource extraction. This study investigates the efficacy of erosion control structures (ECSs) as restoration tools in the context of a watershed rehabilitation and wet meadow (bofedal) restoration program in the Bolivian Andes. In an effort to enhance water security and increase grazing stability, Aymara indigenous communities built over 15,000 check dams, 9,100 terraces, 5,300 infiltration ditches, and 35 pasture improvement trials. Communities built ECSs at different rates, and we compared vegetation change in the highest restoration management intensity, lowest restoration management intensity, and nonproject control communities. We used line transects to measure changes in vegetation cover and standing water in gullies with check dams and without check dams, and related these ground measurements to a time series (1986–2009) of normalized difference vegetation index derived from Landsat TM5 images. Evidence suggests that check dams increase bofedal vegetation and standing water at a local scale, and lead to increased greenness at a basin scale when combined with other ECSs. Watershed rehabilitation enhances ecosystem services significant to local communities (grazing stability, water security), which creates important synergies when conducting land restoration in rural development settings. 相似文献