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81.
Wilfrid H. Parry 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1963,2(5373):1616-1619
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Wilfrid Sheldon 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1969,2(5654):401-404
Long-term follow up of 57 young adults with coeliac disease diagnosed in childhood showed that 13 had relapsed clinically and had resumed a gluten-free diet Of the remainder, who were taking a normal diet and were apparently normal, 19 had low serum folate levels and 11 low serum iron levels. Pregnancy was found particularly likely to provoke an overt relapse.Only six patients were found to be stunted in height, while the menarche had occurred within the average range. The study also confirmed the very low present-daymortality rate of coeliac disease in childhood, which at the Hospital for Sick Children in London has been 0·4% between 1951 and 1968. In view of the finding that childhood coeliac disease usually persists, even though not causing symptoms, it is suggested that the use of a gluten-free diet should be lifelong. 相似文献
84.
RNA Interference of LIN5 in Tomato Confirms Its Role in Controlling Brix Content, Uncovers the Influence of Sugars on the Levels of Fruit Hormones, and Demonstrates the Importance of Sucrose Cleavage for Normal Fruit Development and Fertility 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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85.
Cees C. van den Wijngaard Liselotte van Asten Wilfrid van Pelt Gerda Doornbos Nico J. D. Nagelkerke Gé A. Donker Wim van der Hoek Marion P. G. Koopmans 《PloS one》2010,5(4)
Background
Although syndromic surveillance is increasingly used to detect unusual illness, there is a debate whether it is useful for detecting local outbreaks. We evaluated whether syndromic surveillance detects local outbreaks of lower-respiratory infections (LRIs) without swamping true signals by false alarms.Methods and Findings
Using retrospective hospitalization data, we simulated prospective surveillance for LRI-elevations. Between 1999–2006, a total of 290762 LRIs were included by date of hospitalization and patients place of residence (>80% coverage, 16 million population). Two large outbreaks of Legionnaires disease in the Netherlands were used as positive controls to test whether these outbreaks could have been detected as local LRI elevations. We used a space-time permutation scan statistic to detect LRI clusters. We evaluated how many LRI-clusters were detected in 1999–2006 and assessed likely causes for the cluster-signals by looking for significantly higher proportions of specific hospital discharge diagnoses (e.g. Legionnaires disease) and overlap with regional influenza elevations. We also evaluated whether the number of space-time signals can be reduced by restricting the scan statistic in space or time. In 1999–2006 the scan-statistic detected 35 local LRI clusters, representing on average 5 clusters per year. The known Legionnaires'' disease outbreaks in 1999 and 2006 were detected as LRI-clusters, since cluster-signals were generated with an increased proportion of Legionnaires disease patients (p:<0.0001). 21 other clusters coincided with local influenza and/or respiratory syncytial virus activity, and 1 cluster appeared to be a data artifact. For 11 clusters no likely cause was defined, some possibly representing as yet undetected LRI-outbreaks. With restrictions on time and spatial windows the scan statistic still detected the Legionnaires'' disease outbreaks, without loss of timeliness and with less signals generated in time (up to 42% decline).Conclusions
To our knowledge this is the first study that systematically evaluates the performance of space-time syndromic surveillance with nationwide high coverage data over a longer period. The results show that syndromic surveillance can detect local LRI-outbreaks in a timely manner, independent of laboratory-based outbreak detection. Furthermore, since comparatively few new clusters per year were observed that would prompt investigation, syndromic hospital-surveillance could be a valuable tool for detection of local LRI-outbreaks. 相似文献86.
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Brian K. Chu Katherine Gass Wilfrid Batcho Malakai 'Ake Améyo M. Dorkenoo Elvire Adjinacou 'Eva Mafi David G. Addiss 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2014,8(2)