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31.
Gene polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor affect susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection in an Iranian cohort
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Bita Moudi Zahra Heidari Hamidreza Mahmoudzadeh‐Sagheb Mohammad Hashemi 《Microbiology and immunology》2016,60(6):390-396
32.
33.
Introduction
Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) is a relatively new method for assessing the functional aspect of superficial skin blood flow in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and Raynaud's phenomenon. The present study investigated the dynamic behavior of digital skin microvascular blood flow before and after cold stimulus (CS) in SSc patients and in healthy controls by means of a comprehensive approach of the functional (LDI), morphological (nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC)), and biochemical (fingertip lacticemy (FTL)) microcirculation components. 相似文献34.
Mitochondrial DNA and bindin gene sequence evolution among allopatric species of the sea urchin genus Arbacia 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Sea urchins of the genus Arbacia (order Stirodonta) have discontinuous
allopatric distributions ranging over thousands of kilometers.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences were used to reconstruct phylogenetic
relationships of four Arbacia species and their geographic populations.
There is little evidence of genetic structuring of populations within
species, except in two cases at range extremes. The mtDNA sequence
differentiation between species suggests that divergence occurred about 4-9
MYA. Gene sequences encoding the sperm protein bindin and its intron were
obtained and compared with the mtDNA phylogeny. Sea urchins among the
well-studied echinoid order Camarodonta, with degrees of mtDNA divergence
similar to those of Arbacia species, are known to have remarkable variation
in bindin. However, in Arbacia, little variation in deduced amino acid
sequences of bindin was found, indicating that purifying selection acts on
the protein. In contrast, bindin intron sequences showed much
differentiation, including numerous insertion/deletions. Fertilization
experiments performed between a divergent pair of Arbacia species from the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans revealed no evidence of blocks to gamete
recognition. In Arbacia, fertilization specificities may have evolved
relatively slowly as a result of extensive gene flow within species,
greater functional constraint on the bindin polypeptide, or reduced
selective pressure for species recognition in singly occurring species.
相似文献
35.
Catimel B; Scott AM; Lee FT; Hanai N; Ritter G; Welt S; Old LJ; Burgess AW; Nice EC 《Glycobiology》1998,8(9):927-938
We describe a novel immobilization technique to investigate interactions
between immobilized gangliosides (GD3, GM1, and GM2) and their respective
antibodies, antibody fragments, or binding partners using an optical
biosensor. Immobilization was performed by direct injection onto a
carboxymethyldextran sensor chip and did not require derivatization of the
sensor surface or the ganglioside. The ganglioside appeared to bind to the
sensor surface by hydrophobic interaction, leaving the carbohydrate epitope
available for antibody or, in the case of GM1, cholera toxin binding. The
carboxyl group of the dextran chains on the sensor surface did not appear
to be involved in the immobilization as evidenced by equivalent levels of
immobilization following conversion of the carboxyl groups into acyl amino
esters, but rather the dextran layer provided a hydrophilic coverage of the
sensor chip which was essential to prevent nonspecific binding. This
technique gave better reactivity and specificity for anti- ganglioside
monoclonal antibodies (anti-GD3: KM871, KM641, R24; and anti-GM2: KM966)
than immobilization by hydrophobic interaction onto a gold sensor surface
or photoactivated cross-linking onto carboxymethydextran. This rapid
immobilization procedure has facilitated detailed kinetic analysis of
ganglioside/antibody interactions, with the surface remaining viable for a
large number of cycles (>125). Kinetic constants were determined from
the biosensor data using linear regression, nonlinear least squares and
equilibrium analysis. The values of kd, ka, and KAobtained by nonlinear
analysis (KAKM871 = 1.05, KM641 = 1.66, R24 = 0.14, and KM966 = 0.65 x
10(7) M- 1) were essentially independent of concentration and showed good
agreement with data obtained by other analytical methods.
相似文献
36.
HIV-particles in spermatozoa of patients with AIDS and their transfer into the oocyte 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
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B Baccetti A Benedetto AG Burrini G Collodel EC Ceccarini N Crisa A Di Caro M Estenoz AR Garbuglia A Massacesi P Piomboni T Renieri D Solazzo 《The Journal of cell biology》1994,127(4):903-914
By immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization at the electron microscopy level, and by the PCR technique, we have shown that HIV-1 binds and enters normal sperm; that viral particles, their antigens, and nucleic acid are present in sperm from HIV-1 infected men; and that such sperm can transfer HIV-1 like particles to normal human oocytes. We also present evidence that a galactosylceramide-like compound is present on the sperm membrane and could function as an alternative receptor for HIV. 相似文献
37.
Simin Najjar Bita Asgari Amir Hossein Mohammadi 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2017,50(7-8):349-360
The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify Aspergillus species associated with saffron plants in the city of Birjand (South Khorasan Province, Iran) as well as to assess their aflatoxin B1 production. Sampling was performed during 2013–2014 crop season. Aspergillus species were isolated and purified using general and specific culture media. Growth rates and macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the isolates were determined using yeast extract, Czapek yeast extract, malt extract and creatine sucrose agar media at 25 and 37 °C. DNA was extracted by the modified CTAB method and beta-tubulin, calmodulin and internal transcribed spacer genes were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic position of the isolates was determined against other Aspergillus species. Thin layer chromatography was used to investigate the production of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus isolates. Based on the morphological characteristics, shape and colour of the colonies, and sequencing results, the isolates belonged to Aspergillus terreus, A. flavus, A. flavipes and A. niger species. Only A. flavus isolates were aflatoxin B1 producers. We concluded that the soil of the studied saffron fields contained several species of Aspergillus, with A. flavus significantly affecting crop production through contamination of the crop by aflatoxin. 相似文献
38.
39.
In 1997–99 the occurrence ofFusarium spp. on winter wheat and the contamination with mycotoxins was investigated at three locations in the Rhineland, Germany. All cultivation methods investigated had an effect on the level ofFusarium infection, however, rainfall during flowering was the most important factor. The choice of cultivar and soil cultivation proved to be the most promising tools to reduce head scab severity and mycotoxin contamination. 相似文献
40.