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21.
Effects of ovariectomy and tamoxifen on rat bone tissue: histomorphometric and histopathologic study
Aktug H Uslu S Terek MC Terzi H Turgut M Ozşener S Bilgin O 《Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology / the International Academy of Cytology [and] American Society of Cytology》2006,28(4):207-212
OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible detrimental effects on bone tissue induced by ovariectomy and tamoxifen (TMX) using bone densitometry and histomorphologic analysis. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four rats were allocated into 4 groups: group 1, intact normal rats (n = 6); group 2, ovariectomized rats (n = 6); group 3, normal female rats that received 1 mg/kg/day TMX dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 2 months (n = 6); group 4, normal female rats that received DMSO for the same duration and with a volume equal to that of TMX (n = 6). Results of histomorphometric analysis for trabecular thickness, number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, trabecular number, and area and cortical thickness were compared. RESULTS: No significant effects of ovariectomy on femoral or lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) were found. In the TMX group, the value of femoral BMD increased significantly compared to control group cellular and pathologic changes. TMX caused significant decrease in osteoblasts compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: TMX has a positive effect on inorganic bone tissue, but a negative effect on number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Future studies investigating estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects of TMX should include cellular parameters related to proliferation using histopathologic and histomorphometric analyses. 相似文献
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Klenow-like DNA polymerase I fragment from Geobacillus anatolicus (GF) was cloned and purified. The accuracy of GF was measured in vitro at three different temperatures under single turnover conditions as well as using a forward mutation assay. In pre-steady-state kinetic measurements, when temperature was raised from 22 °C to 50 °C, the rate (kpol) for cognate dTTP and non-cognate dATP nucleotide incorporations increased six- and four-fold, respectively, whereas the Kd for both nucleotide incorporations changed only slightly. As a result, the error frequency was remained constant (∼4 × 10−4) over this temperature range. The accuracy of GF was also measured using a forward mutation assay during a single cycle of DNA synthesis of the lacZα complementation gene in M13mp2 DNA. In this assay, which scores various types of replication errors, mutant frequency of GF was 5 × 10−3 at 72 °C which is four-fold higher than that of 37 °C. 相似文献
23.
Pattern formation in developing tissues involves dynamic spatio-temporal changes in cellular organization and subsequent evolution of functional adult structures. Branching morphogenesis is a developmental mechanism by which patterns are generated in many developing organs, which is controlled by underlying molecular pathways. Understanding the relationship between molecular signaling, cellular behavior and resulting morphological change requires quantification and categorization of the cellular behavior. In this study, tissue-level and cellular changes in developing salivary gland in response to disruption of ROCK-mediated signaling by are modeled by building cell-graphs to compute mathematical features capturing structural properties at multiple scales. These features were used to generate multiscale cell-graph signatures of untreated and ROCK signaling disrupted salivary gland organ explants. From confocal images of mouse submandibular salivary gland organ explants in which epithelial and mesenchymal nuclei were marked, a multiscale feature set capturing global structural properties, local structural properties, spectral, and morphological properties of the tissues was derived. Six feature selection algorithms and multiway modeling of the data was performed to identify distinct subsets of cell graph features that can uniquely classify and differentiate between different cell populations. Multiscale cell-graph analysis was most effective in classification of the tissue state. Cellular and tissue organization, as defined by a multiscale subset of cell-graph features, are both quantitatively distinct in epithelial and mesenchymal cell types both in the presence and absence of ROCK inhibitors. Whereas tensor analysis demonstrate that epithelial tissue was affected the most by inhibition of ROCK signaling, significant multiscale changes in mesenchymal tissue organization were identified with this analysis that were not identified in previous biological studies. We here show how to define and calculate a multiscale feature set as an effective computational approach to identify and quantify changes at multiple biological scales and to distinguish between different states in developing tissues. 相似文献
24.
P. Hulva T. Marešová H. Dundarova R. Bilgin P. Benda T. Bartonička I. Horáček 《Molecular ecology》2012,21(24):6104-6116
Here, we present a study of the population genetic architecture and microevolution of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) at the environmental margins in the Middle East using mitochondrial sequences and nuclear microsatellites. In contrast to the rather homogenous population structure typical of cave‐dwelling bats in climax tropical ecosystems, a relatively pronounced isolation by distance and population diversification was observed. The evolution of this pattern could be ascribed to the complicated demographic history at higher latitudes related to the range margin fragmentation and complex geomorphology of the studied area. Lineages from East Africa and Arabia show divergent positions. Within the northwestern unit, the most marked pattern of the microsatellite data set is connected with insularity, as demonstrated by the separate status of populations from Saharan oases and Cyprus. These demes also exhibit a reduction in genetic variability, which is presumably connected with founder effects, drift and other potential factors related to island evolution as site‐specific selection. Genetic clustering indicates a semipermeability of the desert barriers in the Sahara and Arabian Peninsula and a corridor role of the Nile Valley. The results emphasize the role of the island environment in restricting the gene flow in megabats, which is also corroborated by biogeographic patterns within the family, and suggests the possibility of nascent island speciation on Cyprus. Demographic analyses suggest that the colonization of the region was connected to the spread of agricultural plants; therefore, the peripatric processes described above might be because of or strengthened by anthropogenic changes in the environment. 相似文献
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Stephan P. Frankenfeld Leonardo P. Oliveira Victor H. Ortenzi Igor CC. Rego-Monteiro Elen A. Chaves Andrea C. Ferreira Alvaro C. Leit?o Denise P. Carvalho Rodrigo S. Fortunato 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) may cause side effects in several tissues. Oxidative stress is linked to the pathophysiology of most of these alterations, being involved in fibrosis, cellular proliferation, tumorigenesis, amongst others. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of supraphysiological doses of nandrolone decanoate (DECA) on the redox balance of liver, heart and kidney. Wistar male rats were treated with intramuscular injections of vehicle or DECA (1 mg.100 g−1 body weight) once a week for 8 weeks. The activity and mRNA levels of NADPH Oxidase (NOX), and the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the reduced thiol and carbonyl residue proteins, were measured in liver, heart and kidney. DECA treatment increased NOX activity in heart and liver, but NOX2 mRNA levels were only increased in heart. Liver catalase and SOD activities were decreased in the DECA-treated group, but only catalase activity was decreased in the kidney. No differences were detected in GPx activity. Thiol residues were decreased in the liver and kidney of treated animals in comparison to the control group, while carbonyl residues were increased in the kidney after the treatment. Taken together, our results show that chronically administered DECA is able to disrupt the cellular redox balance, leading to an oxidative stress state. 相似文献
27.
O. Samsun N. Samsun S. Bilgin F. Kalayci 《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》2006,22(5):353-356
The garfish Belone belone euxini (Günther, 1866) is a commercially important pelagic fish species in Sinop artisanal fishery, which is showing a decreasing trend in catch results. As a basis for fisheries management a sampling program was carried out between October 2000 and September 2001 along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea, to study the population structure, growth, and reproduction cycle of garfish in the area, and to achieve a rough estimate of exploitation. The length–weight relationship and von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated as W = 0.00076 L3.137, L∞ = 74.64 cm, K = 0.13 year?1, to = ?3.67, respectively. First sexual maturity was estimated at age 2 and at a total length of 38.8 cm for females. The spawning period was from May to September. The total fecundity–length relationship was estimated as F = 0.0041 L4.1086 (r2 = 0.92). Mortality rates were Z = 1.24 year?1, M = 0.23 year?1and F = 1.01 year?1 for total, natural, and fishing mortality, respectively. The exploitation ratio E = 0.81 indicates that the population is heavily exploited. 相似文献
28.
Elevated ozone alters soybean-virus interaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bilgin DD Aldea M O'Neill BF Benitez M Li M Clough SJ DeLucia EH 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2008,21(10):1297-1308
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Michael CW Chan Renee WY Chan Wendy CL Yu Carol CC Ho WH Chui CK Lo Kit M Yuen Yi Guan John M Nicholls JS Malik Peiris 《Respiratory research》2009,10(1):102