高秆野生稻内生固氮细菌多样性

高秆野生稻(Oryza alta)是一种重要的种质资源, 其组织内也蕴藏着非常宝贵的功能微生物资源。本实验采用无氮培养基, 从高秆野生稻中分离到43株内生固氮菌, 结合乙炔还原法测定其固氮酶活性。经固氮酶基因(nifH)的PCR扩增检测, 43株内生固氮菌代表菌株均能扩增出固氮酶基因片段。利用IS-PCR DNA指纹图谱和SDS-PAGE全细胞蛋白电泳图谱将获得的菌株聚类为6个类群(I、II、III、IV、V、VI)。对各个类群的代表菌株(ZF3, ZF8, ZF13, ZF15, ZF24, ZF43)进行16S rRNA基因序列测定, 结果表明, 类群I属于土生拉乌尔菌(Raoultella terrigena), 类群II属于类肺炎克雷伯氏菌类肺炎亚种(Klebsiella quasipnmoniae subsp. quasipneumoniae), 类群III属于越南伯克氏菌(Burkholderia vietnamiensis), 类群IV的菌株代表肠秆菌属的一个类群(Enterobacter sp.), 类群V的菌株属于门多萨假单胞菌(Pseudomonas mendocina), 类群VI归属于固氮植物菌(Phytobacter diazotrophicus)。Biolog聚类结果与IS-PCR指纹图谱类型及SDS-PAGE全细胞蛋白聚类结果一致。Biolog板测定结果显示, 来自不同类群的代表菌株对碳源的利用差异显著, 说明野生稻内多样的内生固氮菌从环境中获取碳源和氮素的适应能力较强。     

新型冠状病毒相关TMPRSS2蛋白结构特征和抗原表位分析

采用生物信息学方法分析预测新型冠状病毒(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸2(transmembrane protease serine 2,TMPRSS2)的理化特性、结构特征和抗原表位,为抗SARS-CoV-2药物研...     

植物激素相关核酸和蛋白质二级数据库的构建与应用

以NCBI维护的一级数据库为数据源建立植物激素相关核酸和蛋白质二级数据库。将该二级数据库设计为基因、蛋白质和文献三部分, 编写软件从上述数据源中采集数据, 并以XML作为中间格式保存, 通过解析提交到二级数据库中并集成部分生物信息学工具软件, 初步实现了数据检索、统计分析、基于Web的本地化BLAST同源序列检索、序列的自动拼接以及蛋白质结构和功能位点的分析等功能。该二级数据库的构建为植物激素作用分子机理研究提供了高针对性的植物激素数据源和生物信息学辅助工具。     

草菇低温胁迫初期应答关键通路的探究

本研究利用表达谱芯片技术解析了低温胁迫初期（0-120min）不同低温处理时间草菇转录组水平的变化。芯片结果分析发现在低温诱导过程中,低温处理20min内变化基因的功能为单加氧酶、氧化还原酶和细胞内的氧化还原。低温处理40min时表达差异基因具有结合RNA的功能。80min的时间段内,基因的功能比较集中于核酸物质和能量的代谢。CYP450的代谢途径在20-40min、60-80min和100-120min低温处理的菌丝体中均有显著性变化,表明这一通路在草菇低温处理过程中表现活跃。基因表达趋势分析发现34个表达差异基因富集到显著表达趋势模型,基因共表达网络分析发现VVO_04066位于网络的核心地位,推测VVO_04066通过提高磷酸肌醇特异性磷脂酶C（PI-PLC）的胞内水平,促进糖蛋白和几丁质的合成,从而完成草菇细胞的低温胁迫应答。     

精胺和Mg~（2＋）对tRNA~（Ile）圆二向色谱的影响

由于精胺（ｓｐｅｒｍｉｎｅ）能特异地刺激哺乳动物ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）的氨基酰化,本文用纯化的牛肝ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）观察了精胺和Ｍｇ（２＋）对ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）ＣＤ光谱的影响。结果显示：Ｍｇ（２＋）可使牛肝ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）ＣＤ光谱峰向短波方向偏移２ｎｍ,波峰为２６３ｎｍ,峰值被增大约１０％,ΔθＭｇ（２＋）＝２．３×１０３ｄｅｇ·ｃｍ２／ｄｍｏｌ;而精胺使牛肝ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）ＣＤ光谱峰减少４０％,Δθｓｐｅｒｍｉｎｅ＝１×１０（－４）ｄｅｇ·ｃｍ２／ｄｍｏｌ;精胺和Ｍｇ（２＋）对肝ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）－ＩｌｅＲＳ复合物或ＩｌｅＲＳ的ＣＤ光谱基本无影响。表明Ｍｇ（２＋）和精胺可影响牛肝ｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）的构象。实验同时以酵母ｔＲＮＡ（Ｐｈｅ）和Ｅ·ｃｏｌｉｔＲＮＡ~（Ｉｌｅ）作为对照。     

核酸、氨基酸分类和蛋白质二级结构关系的分析与分子设计

核酸序列中包含一定的蛋白质结构信息。根据通常情况下遗传密码表中密码子中间位的碱基配对时产生的氢键数目,尝试将20种氨基酸划分为两类,并用自编的计算机软件对蛋白质二级结构数据库中两类氨基酸的类聚现象进行了统计分析。结果表明,使用这种方法对氨基酸进行划分后,氨基酸残基具有较大概率与划入同一类的氨基酸残基相邻出现,并且这种聚集体对二级结构具有一定的偏好性。最后按照该方法设计了一段氨基酸序列并给出了预测服务器预测得到的结构。     

Determination of genetic relationships among five indigenous Chinese goat breeds with six microsatellite markers

Microsatellite variation was analyzed in five Chinese indigenous goat breeds, which include four Cashmere breeds (Tibetan, Neimonggol, Liaoning, Taihang) and one Hubei local breed (Matou) used for meat production. Five ovine and one bovine microsatellites, selected from eight ovine microsatellites and five bovine microsatellites were suitable for use in this study. With these six microsatellites, allele frequencies, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC) and effective allele number were calculated. A neighbor-joining tree was constructed using Nei's standard genetic distance (1978). In the tree, Neimonggol and Liaoning were grouped together, then with Taihang; while Tibetan and Matou individually had their own branch. The genetic relationship of five breeds corresponds to their history and geographic origins.     

微生态制剂在胃肠道疾病中的临床应用

微生态制剂(microbial ecological agents, MEA)是利用益生菌及其代谢产物而制成的一种药物制剂。MEA主要是通过补充有益的微生物来重建人体肠道内的菌群平衡,以治疗多种胃肠道疾病。现就近年来MEA在胃肠道中的作用机制,以及在防治炎症性肠病、与抗生素相关的腹泻、幽门螺杆菌感染和慢性肝病等疾病中的临床应用作一概述,为更好地开发和利用MEA治疗疾病奠定基础。     

Risks of Avian Influenza Transmission in Areas of Intensive Free-Ranging Duck Production with Wild Waterfowl

For decades, southern China has been considered to be an important source for emerging influenza viruses since key hosts live together in high densities in areas with intensive agriculture. However, the underlying conditions of emergence and spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV) have not been studied in detail, particularly the complex spatiotemporal interplay of viral transmission between wild and domestic ducks, two major actors of AIV epidemiology. In this synthesis, we examine the risks of avian influenza spread in Poyang Lake, an area of intensive free-ranging duck production and large numbers of wild waterfowl. Our synthesis shows that farming of free-grazing domestic ducks is intensive in this area and synchronized with wild duck migration. The presence of juvenile domestic ducks in harvested paddy fields prior to the arrival and departure of migrant ducks in the same fields may amplify the risk of AIV circulation and facilitate the transmission between wild and domestic populations. We provide evidence associating wild ducks migration with the spread of H5N1 in the spring of 2008 from southern China to South Korea, Russia, and Japan, supported by documented wild duck movements and phylogenetic analyses of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 sequences. We suggest that prevention measures based on a modification of agricultural practices may be implemented in these areas to reduce the intensity of AIV transmission between wild and domestic ducks. This would require involving all local stakeholders to discuss feasible and acceptable solutions.     

The affinity of human RANK binding to its ligand RANKL

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) and its ligand, RANKL play critical roles in bone re-modeling, immune function, vascular disease and mammary gland development. To study the interaction of RANK and RANKL, we have expressed both extracellular domain of RANK and ectodomain of RANKL using Escherichia coli expression system. RANK was expressed as an inclusion body first which properly refolded later, while RANKL was initially produced as a GST fusion protein, after which the GST was removed by enzyme digestion. Soluble RANK existed as a monomer while RANKL was seen as a trimer in solution, demonstrated by gel filtration chromatography and cross-linking experiment. The recombinant RANK and RANKL could bind to each other and the binding affinity of RANKL for RANK was measured with surface plasmon resonance technology and K_D value is about 1.09 × 10⁻¹⁰ M.