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941.
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Vetiver grass [Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash] displays comprehensive abiotic stress tolerance closely related to fine maintenance of plant water relation mediated by plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs). Two open reading frame sequences of PIPs (867 and 873 bp) were cloned from vetiver grass and named as VzPIP1;1 and VzPIP2;1, respectively. Expression of green fluorescent protein revealed only subcellular localization of VzPIP2;1 in the plasma membrane. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transgenic (VzPIP2;1) soybean plants had a higher water content in above-ground parts under sufficient water supply through enhancing transpiration as compared to the non-transgenic plants but displayed a more severe drought injury because of a lower photosynthesis and a higher transpiration rate. However, A. rhizogenes mediated transgenic soybean plants kept a higher water content in above-ground parts by improving root water transport and kept a more effective photosynthesis under normal and drought conditions. 相似文献
944.
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is essential secondary messenger in plant signaling networks. In this study, the effect of Ca2+ on oxidative damage caused by a high irradiance (HI) was investigated in the leaves of two cultivars of tall fescue (Arid3 and Houndog5). Pretreatment of the tall fescue leaves with a CaCl2 solution significantly increased Ca2+ content and intrinsic HI tolerance due to a decreased ion leakage and content of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide radicals. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase increased in both the cultivars in the presence of Ca2+ under the HI stress. In contrast, treatments with a Ca2+ chelator ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker LaCl3 reversed these effects. On the other hand, a pronounced increase in nitric oxide synthase-like activity and NO release by exogenous Ca2+ treatment was observed in the tolerant Arid3 plants after exposure to the HI, whereas only a small increase was observed in more sensitive Houndog5. Moreover, the inhibition of NO production by 2-(4-carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide or Nω-nitro-L-arginine blocked the protective effect of exogenous Ca2+, whereas the inhibition of Ca2+ by EGTA or LaCl3 had no influence on the protective effect of NO. The results indicate that NO might be involved in the Ca2+-induced activities of antioxidant enzymes further protecting against HI-induced oxidative damage. This protective mechanism was found to be more efficient in Arid3 than in Houndog5. 相似文献
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948.
Qilei Wang Xiaojing Xue Yuling Li Yongbin Dong Long Zhang Qiang Zhou Fei Deng Zhiyan Ma Dahe Qiao Chunhui Hu Yangliu Ren 《Physiologia plantarum》2016,156(1):97-107
ADP‐ribosylation factors (ARFs) are small GTP‐binding proteins that regulate a wide variety of cell functions. Previously, we isolated a new ARF, ZmArf2, from maize (Zea mays). Sequence and expression characteristics indicated that ZmArf2 might play a critical role in the early stages of endosperm development. In this study, we investigated ZmArf2 function by analysis of its GTP‐binding activity and subcellular localization. We also over‐expressed ZmArf2 in Arabidopsis and measured organ and cell size and counted cell numbers. The expression levels of five organ size‐associated genes were also determined in 35S::ZmArf2 transgenic and wild‐type plants. Results showed that the recombinant ZmArf2 protein purified from Escherichia coli exhibited GTP‐binding activity. Subcellular localization revealed that ZmArf2 was localized in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. ZmArf2 over‐expression in Arabidopsis showed that 35S::ZmArf2 transgenic plants were taller and had larger leaves and seeds compared to wild‐type plants, which resulted from cell expansions, not an increase in cell numbers. In addition, three cell expansion‐related genes, AtEXP3, AtEXP5 and AtEXP10, were upregulated in 35S::ZmArf2 transgenic lines, while the expression levels of AtGIF1 and AtGRF5, were unchanged. Collectively, our studies suggest that ZmArf2 has an active GTP‐binding function, and plays a crucial role in growth and development in Arabidopsis through cell expansion mediated by cell expansion genes. 相似文献
949.
Xiaobo Dong Haiyun Li Yucheng Jiang Mancheng Hu Shuni Li Quanguo Zhai 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(9):1483-1491
Objectives
To degrade enzymatically bisphenol A (BPA) that causes serious environmental concerns and is difficult to be degraded by chemical or physical methods.Results
BPA (150 mg l?1) was completely degraded by chloroperoxidase (CPO)/H2O2 within 7 min at room temperature, atmospheric pressure with the enzyme at 6 μg CPO ml?1. The degradation products were identified by HPLC–MS, which suggested involvement of multiple steps. Enzymatic treatment followed by existing bioremediation technologies (activated sludge) enhanced removal of COD from 9 to 54 %. Using an ecotoxicity evaluation with Chlorella pyrenoidosa, the degradation products had a lower toxicity than BPA.Conclusion
BPA can be degraded rapidly and efficiently under mild conditions with chloroperoxidase at 6 μg ml?1. The degradation products had a lower toxicity than BPA.950.