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排序方式: 共有102条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
52.
This study describes the morphology of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) adrenal gland in the perinatal period. Adrenals of fetal monkeys had a broad central zone of large eosinophilic cells (fetal zone) surrounded by a subcapsular band of small dark cells (definitive zone). Adrenals of stillborn and neonatal monkeys had a reduced fetal zone and an expanded definitive zone that was differentiated into distinct zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa. By day 18 postpartum, no remnant of the fetal zone remained. 相似文献
53.
The remains of a juvenile gorilla, apparently dead for 3-4 days, were found in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon. The skull was recovered and showed a chronic lesion involving the insertion of the masseter muscle, consistent with chronic osteomyelitis. 相似文献
54.
Intrauterine fetal demise was suspected in a Douc langur monkey based on measurements of declining urinary estrogen levels. Additional clinical evaluation by fetal cardiac auscultation, ultrasonic instrumentation, radiologic examination, and amniocentesis supported the diagnosis. Blood clotting studies demonstrated deficiency of factors consistent with a diagnosis of consumptive coagulopathy, a syndrome identical to that observed in man following prolonged intrauterine fetal demise. 相似文献
55.
56.
Richa Singh Alexander J Mackay Anant RC Patel Davinder S Garcha Beverly S Kowlessar Simon E Brill Louise E Donnelly Peter J Barnes Gavin C Donaldson Jadwiga A Wedzicha 《Respiratory research》2014,15(1)
Background
There has been increasing interest in the use of newer, culture-independent techniques to study the airway microbiome of COPD patients. We investigated the relationships between the three common potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis, as detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR), and inflammation and health status in stable patients in the London COPD cohort.Methods
We prospectively collected sputum, serum and plasma samples for analysis of airway bacterial presence and load, and airway and systemic inflammation from 99 stable COPD patients between January 2011 and October 2012. Health status was measured with St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire and COPD Assessment Test.Results
Airway inflammation and plasma fibrinogen, but not C-reactive protein, were greater in samples with PPM detection (p < 0.001, p = 0.049 and p = 0.261, respectively). Increasing total bacterial load was associated with increasing airway (p < 0.01) but not systemic inflammation (p > 0.05). Samples with high total bacterial loads had significantly higher airway inflammation than both samples without PPM detection and those with lower loads. Haemophilus influenzae presence was associated with significantly higher levels of airway but not systemic inflammation for all given pathogen loads (p < 0.05), and was significantly greater than with other PPMs. No association was observed between inflammation and health status (p > 0.05).Conclusions
Airway and systemic inflammation, as measured by fibrinogen, is greater in stable COPD patients with PPMs detected using the culture-independent qPCR technique. The airway, but not systemic inflammatory response, appears to have a total pathogen-load threshold and appears attributable to Haemophilus influenzae. However, discordance between inflammation and health status was observed.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-014-0114-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献57.
A Jain M Sundriyal S Roshnibala R Kotoky PB Kanjilal HB Singh RC Sundriyal 《Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine》2011,7(1):29
Background
The wetlands of the North East India fall among the global hotspots of biodiversity. However, they have received very little attention with relation to their intrinsic values to human kind; therefore their conservation is hardly addressed. These wetlands are critical for the sustenance of the tribal communities.Methods
Field research was conducted during 2003 to 2006 in seven major wetlands of four districts of Manipur state, Northeast India (viz. Imphal-East, Imphal-West, Thoubal, and Bishnupur). A total of 224 wetland-plant-collectors were interviewed for the use and economics of species using semi-structured questionnaires and interview schedules. Imphal, Bishenpur and Thoubal markets were investigated in detail for influx and consumption pattern of these plants. The collectors were also inquired for medicinal use of wetland species. Nutritive values of 21 species were analyzed in laboratory. The vouchers were collected for all the species and deposited in the CSIR-NEIST (Formerly Regional Research Laboratory), Substation, Lamphelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India.Results
We recorded 51 edible wetland species used by indigenous people for food and medicinal purposes. Thirty eight species had high medicinal values and used in the traditional system to treat over 22 diseases. At least 27 species were traded in three markets studied (i.e. Imphal, Thoubal and Bishenpur), involving an annual turnover of 113 tons of wetland edible plants and a gross revenue of Rs. 907, 770/- (US$1 = Rs. 45/-). The Imphal market alone supplies 60% of the total business. Eighty per cent of the above mentioned species are very often used by the community. The community has a general opinion that the availability of 45% species has depleted in recent times, 15 species need consideration for conservation while another 7 species deserved immediate protection measures. The nutrient analysis showed that these species contribute to the dietary balance of tribal communities.Conclusions
Considering the importance of wild wetland plants in local sustenance, it is suggested to protect their habitats, develop domestication protocols of selected species, and build programs for the long-term management of wetland areas by involving local people. Some medicinal plants may also be used to develop into modern medicines.58.
Scott MA Tarara RP Hendrickx AG Benirschke K Overstreet JW Lasley BL 《Journal of medical primatology》2001,30(3):156-160
Female cynomolgus macaques (n = 11) were treated orally with graded doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Cervical tissue was recovered at necropsy 1.2-2.7 years later and examined using routine histopathology. Results were compared histologically with cervical tissue from untreated, age- and parity-matched controls. Significant squamous epithelial metaplasia was observed in the endocervix of 9 of 11 TCDD-treated animals, and the degree of severity was dose dependent. In contrast, minimal or no pathological changes were observed in eight of nine control animals and one animal had only mild squamous metaplasia. These results suggest that TCDD exposure induces epithelial transdifferentiation in the primate cervix. Consequently, the TCDD-treated macaque may serve as a predictable animal model for the study of cervical epithelial transdifferentiation and for examining the relationship between squamous metaplasia and cervical oncogenesis both at the cellular and at the molecular level. 相似文献
59.
G- and C-banded karyotypes of the two extant species of the mammalian order Proboscidea are presented for the first time. Chromosome complements were 2n = 56 in both Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus. Comparisons between the species demonstrated a high level of chromosome band homology, with 26 conserved autosomal pairs. The normal diploid karyotype of L. africana had 25 acrocentric/telocentric and two metacentric/submetacentric autosomal pairs. E. maximus differed by having one less acrocentric and one additional submetacentric pair due to either a heterochromatic arm addition or deletion involving autosomal pair 27. Several acrocentric autosomes of L. africana exhibited small short arms that were absent in homologous chromosomes of E. maximus. The X chromosomes in both species were large submetacentric elements and were homologous. However, the small acrocentric Y chromosomes differed; in E. maximus it was slightly larger and had more distinct G-bands than its counterpart in L. africana. Extant Elephantidae appear to be relatively conservative in their rates of chromosomal change compared to some other mammalian families. The high-quality banded karyotypes presented here should prove useful as references in future chromosome analyses of elephant populations and in comparative cytogenetic studies with other ungulate orders. 相似文献
60.
The estimation of the amount of evolutionary divergence that has taken
place between two DNA coding sequences depends strongly on the degree of
constraint on amino acid replacements. If amino acid replacements are
relatively unconstrained, the individual nucleotide is the appropriate unit
of analysis and the method of Tajima and Nei can be used. If amino acid
replacements are constrained, however, this method is shown to be
inapplicable. For sequences with strong amino acid constraints, a method is
outlined analogous to the Tajima and Nei method using codons as the unit of
analysis. Only synonymous substitutions are used. Codon usage data can be
employed to estimate the necessary parameters of the calculation, or a
priori models of substitution may be employed. Sequences with significant
but intermediate constraints on amino acid replacements are, in principle,
unanalyzable.
相似文献