全文获取类型
收费全文 | 349篇 |
免费 | 47篇 |
国内免费 | 64篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 22篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 45篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 14篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有460条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Jinbo Gao Wenjun Zhou Yuntong Liu Jing Zhu Liqing Sha Qinhai Song Hongli Ji Youxing Lin Xuehai Fei Xiaolong Bai Xiang Zhang Yun Deng Xiaobao Deng Guirui Yu Junhui Zhang Xunhua Zheng John Grace Yiping Zhang 《Ecosystems》2018,21(5):1013-1026
Litter inputs are expected to have a strong impact on soil N2O efflux. This study aimed to assess the effects of the litter decomposition process and nutrient efflux from litter to soil on soil N2O efflux in a tropical rainforest. A paired study with a control (L) treatment and a litter-removed (NL) treatment was followed for 2 years, continuously monitoring the effects of these treatments on soil N2O efflux, fresh litter input, decomposed litter carbon (LCI) and nitrogen (LNI), soil nitrate (NO3 ?–N), ammonium (NH4 +–N), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and dissolved nitrogen (DN). Soil N2O flux was 0.48 and 0.32 kg N2O–N ha?1 year?1 for the L and NL treatments, respectively. Removing the litter caused a decrease in the annual soil N2O emission by 33%. The flux values from the litter layer were higher in the rainy season as compared to the dry season (2.10 ± 0.28 vs. 1.44 ± 0.35 μg N m?2 h?1). The N2O fluxes were significantly correlated with the soil NO3 ?–N contents (P < 0.05), indicating that the N2O emission was derived mainly from denitrification as well as other NO3 ? reduction processes. Suitable soil temperature and moisture sustained by rainfall were jointly attributed to the higher soil N2O fluxes of both treatments in the rainy season. The N2O fluxes from the L were mainly regulated by LCI, whereas those from the NL were dominated jointly by soil NO3 ? content and temperature. The effects of LCI and LNI on the soil N2O fluxes were the greatest in the 2 months after litter decomposition. Our results show that litter may affect not only the variability in the quantity of N2O emitted, but also the mechanisms that govern N2O production. However, further studies are still required to elucidate the impacting mechanisms of litter decomposition on N2O emission from tropical forests. 相似文献
52.
Chunxia Chen Zhihuan Nong Xingmei Liang Mingyu Meng Feifei Xuan Qiuqiao Xie Junhui He Renbin Huang 《Neurochemical research》2018,43(4):918-929
We previously reported that Yulangsan polysaccharide (YLSP), which was isolated from the root of Millettia pulchra Kurz, attenuates withdrawal symptoms of morphine dependence by regulating the nitric oxide pathway and modulating monoaminergic neurotransmitters. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of YLSP on the reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats. A CPP procedure was employed to assess the behavior of rats, and indicators of serum and four brain regions (nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex) were determined to explore its underlying mechanism. YLSP inhibited priming morphine-induced reinstatement of CPP in a dose-dependent manner. YLSP markedly reduced nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase levels in the brain. Moreover, YLSP significantly decreased the dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the serum and brain. Furthermore, YLSP significantly decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations, inhibited the expression of dopamine D1 receptors and cAMP response element binding protein mRNA, and improved the expression of dopamine D2 receptor mRNA in the four brain regions. Our findings indicated that YLSP could inhibit the reinstatement of morphine-induced CPP possibly by modulating the NO-cGMP and D1R-cAMP signaling pathways. 相似文献
53.
54.
Urszula Krzemińska Robyn Wilson Beng Kah Song Sampath Seneviratne Sharif Akhteruzzaman Joanna Gruszczyńska Wiesław Świderek Teh Ser Huy Christopher M. Austin Sadequr Rahman 《Biological invasions》2016,18(7):1867-1881
The common house crow (Corvus splendens) is one of the best known and most wide spread species of the family Corvidae. It is a successful invasive species able to exploit urban environments, well removed from its natural distribution. It is considered a pest as it attains high population densities, can cause serious economic losses and has many adverse effects on native fauna and flora, including predation, competitive displacement and disease transmission. Little genetic research on the house crow has been undertaken so we have only a limited understanding of its natural genetic population structure and invasion history. In this study, we employ microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers to assess genetic diversity, phylogeography and population structure of C. splendens within its native range represented by Sri Lanka and Bangladesh and introduced range represented by Malaysia, Singapore, Kenya and South Africa. We found high levels of genetic diversity in some of the invasive populations for which multiple invasions are proposed. The lowest genetic diversity was found for the intentionally introduced population in Selangor, Malaysia. Sri Lanka is a possible source population for Malaysia Selangor consistent with a documented introduction over 100 years ago, with port cities within the introduced range revealing possible presence of migrants from other unsampled locations. We demonstrate the power of the approach of using multiple molecular markers to untangle patterns of invasion, provide insights into population structure and phylogeographic relationships and illustrate how historical processes may have contributed to making this species such a successful invader. 相似文献
55.
分别采用标准法、GP法和MBP法抽提汉滩病毒RNA,结合套式PCR比较这三种方法的敏感性。结果表明,所用引物对这两株病毒具有相同的特异性。这三种提取RNA的敏感性差异不大,敏感性从高到低依次为:GP、MBP和标准法,检测汉滩病毒的效价分别为0.01、0.01和0.1TCID50/200μl;提取RNA的时间长短分别为:标准法为2.5h,GP为1h,MBP为0.5h,可见MBP用时最少。使用GP和MBP提取RNA时,可以在室温下进行,不需要低温离心。所以,MBP最适合于实验室和临床病原体的快速检测,特别是对采集的环境样品的快速检测 相似文献
56.
FAK contributes to proteinuria in hypercholesterolaemic rats and modulates podocyte F‐actin re‐organization via activating p38 in response to ox‐LDL 下载免费PDF全文
Mengsi Hu Minghua Fan Junhui Zhen Jiangong Lin Qun Wang Zhimei Lv Rong Wang 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2017,21(3):552-567
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non‐receptor protein tyrosine kinase that regulates cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, a rat model of high fat diet‐induced hypercholesterolaemia was established to investigate the involvement of FAK in lipid disorder‐related kidney diseases. We showed focal fusion of podocyte foot process that occurred at as early as 4 weeks in rats consuming high fat diet, preceding the onset of proteinuria when aberrant phosphorylation of FAK was found. These abnormalities were ameliorated by dietary intervention of TAE226, a reported inhibitor of FAK. FAK is also an adaptor protein initiating cascades of intracellular signals including c‐Src, Rho GTPase and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK). P38 MAPK belongs to the latter and is centrally involved in kidney diseases. Our cell culture data revealed oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) triggered hyper‐phosphorylation of FAK and p38, ectopic expression of cellular markers (manifested as decreased WT1, podocin and NEPH1, and increased vimentin and mmp9), and re‐arrangement of F‐actin filaments with enhanced cell motility; these mutations were significantly rectified by FAK shRNA. Notably, pre‐treatment of p38 inhibitor did not alter FAK activation, albeit its deletion of p38 hyper‐activity and attenuation of cellular abnormalities, demonstrating that p38 acted as a downstream effector of FAK signalling and ox‐LDL damaged podocytes in a FAK/p38‐dependent manner. This was further identified by animal data that p38 activation was also abrogated by TAE226 treatment in hypercholesterolaemic rats, suggesting that FAK/p38 axis might also be involved in in vivo events. These findings provided a potential early mechanism of hypercholesterolaemia‐related podocyte damage and proteinuria. 相似文献
57.
LncRNA MALAT1 is dysregulated in diabetic nephropathy and involved in high glucose‐induced podocyte injury via its interplay with β‐catenin 下载免费PDF全文
58.
Xiaocong Tian Jun Jin Shangqin Yuan Chee Kai Chua Shu Beng Tor Kun Zhou 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(17)
Three‐dimensional (3D) printing, a layer‐by‐layer deposition technology, has a revolutionary role in a broad range of applications. As an emerging advanced fabrication technology, it has drawn growing interest in the field of electrochemical energy storage because of its inherent advantages including the freeform construction and controllable 3D structural prototyping. This article focuses on the topic of 3D‐printed electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs), which bridge advanced electrochemical energy storage and future additive manufacturing. Basic 3D printing systems and material considerations are described to provide a fundamental understanding of printing technologies for the fabrication of EESDs. The performance metrics of 3D‐printed EESDs are then given and the related performance optimization strategies are discussed. Next, the recent advances of 3D‐printed EESDs, including sandwich‐type and in‐plane architectures, are summarized. Conclusions and future perspectives with some unique challenges and important directions are then discussed. It can be expected that, with the help of 3D printing technology, the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage systems will be greatly promoted. 相似文献
59.
60.
Han Y Geng J Qiu Y Guo Z Zhou D Bi Y Du Z Song Y Wang X Tan Y Zhu Z Zhai J Yang R 《DNA and cell biology》2008,27(8):453-462
The catalase or catalase-peroxidase activity commonly exists in many pathogens and plays an important role in resisting the oxidative burst of phagocytes helping the pathogen persistently colonize in the host. Yersinia pestis is a facultative pathogen and the causative agent of plague. KatY has been identified as a thermosensing antigen with modest catalase activity in this pathogen. Here Y. pestis KatA and KatY were experimentally confirmed as a monofunctional catalase and bifunctional catalase-peroxidase, respectively. Their expression induced by H2O2 was proven to be mediated by the oxidative regulator, OxyR. Expression of KatA changed with growth phases and was crucial to its traditional physiological role in protecting Y. pestis cells against toxicity of exogenous H2O2. KatY was regulated by temperature and H2O2, two major elements of phagolysosomal microenvironments. Consistent with the above results, gene expression of katY increased significantly during intracellular growth of Y. pestis compared with that in vitro growth. However, a DeltakatY mutant was fully virulent to mice, suggesting that KatY is not required for Y. pestis virulence. 相似文献