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101.
Three species of Euryhaliotrema Kritsky & Boeger, 2002 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) were collected from the gills of four golden snapper Lutjanus johnii (Bloch) (Lutjanidae) from the marine and brackish waters off Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Type-specimens of Ancyrocephalus johni Tripathi, 1959 apparently have not survived and the possibility existed that the species was based on specimens representing more than one species. Euryhaliotrema johni (Tripathi, 1959) (sensu Young, 1968) was redescribed and determined to most likely represent A. johni, originally described from the River Hooghly, Diamond Harbour, India. Two new species were described. Euryhaliotrema longibaculoides n. sp. was most similar to Euryhaliotrema longibaculum (Zhukov, 1976) Kritsky & Boeger, 2002 from Lutjanus spp. from the western Atlantic Ocean. It differed from E. longibaculum by having a male copulatory organ (MCO) with an elongate comparatively delicate shaft and a bulbous base (MCO U- or J-shaped with funnel-shaped base in E. longibaculum). Based on the comparative morphology of the haptoral sclerites, Euryhaliotrema lisae n. sp. was most similar to Euryhaliotrema cryptophallus Kritsky & Yang, 2012 from the gills of the mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål) from the South China Sea. Euryhaliotrema lisae differed from E. cryptophallus by having a copulatory complex with an obvious weakly sclerotised J-shaped MCO (MCO cryptic, delicate, and with a shaft comprising about one counterclockwise ring in E. cryptophallus). 相似文献
102.
Trade-offs and coexistence in microbial microcosms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Trade-offs among the abilities of organisms to respond to different environmental factors are often assumed to play a major
role in the coexistence of species. There has been extensive theoretical study of the role of such trade-offs in ecological
communities but it has proven difficult to study such trade-offs experimentally. Microorganisms are ideal model systems with
which to experimentally study the causes and consequences of ecological trade-offs. In model communities of E. coli B and T-type bacteriophage, a trade-off in E. coli between resistance to bacteriophage and competitive ability is often observed. This trade-off can allow the coexistence of
different ecological types of E. coli. The magnitude of this trade-off affects, in predictable ways, the structure, dynamics and response to environmental change
of these communities. Genetic factors, environmental factors, and gene-by-environment interactions determine the magnitude
of this trade-off. Environmental control of the magnitude of trade-offs represents one avenue by which environmental change
can alter community properties such as invasability, stability and coexistence.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
103.
基于临界氮浓度的小麦地上部氮亏缺模型 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
基于3年的大田试验,选择代表性的中蛋白小麦品种(扬麦16)和低蛋白小麦品种(宁麦13),分别构建了小麦地上部干物质临界氮浓度(Ncnc)稀释曲线模型、氮营养指数(NNI)模型和氮亏缺(Nand)模型.结果表明: 小麦地上部干物质临界氮浓度稀释曲线模型具有明确的生物学意义,小麦临界氮浓度与地上部最大干物质(DM)符合幂函数关系(扬麦16为Ncnc=4.65DM-0.44;宁麦13为Ncnc=4.33DM-0.45);小麦地上部氮营养指数模型可以准确诊断氮素营养状况;小麦地上部氮亏缺模型可以定量调控氮肥管理措施.利用2007-2008年的独立试验资料对小麦地上部干物质临界氮浓度稀释模型、氮营养指数模型和氮亏缺模型进行检验和测试,结果表明模型的准确性较高,普适性较强.本文所构建模型可以直接用于诊断调控小麦氮素营养,为小麦生产中精确施肥管理提供了较好的技术途径和理论基础. 相似文献
104.
Species traits and climate velocity explain geographic range shifts in an ocean‐warming hotspot
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Jennifer M. Sunday Gretta T. Pecl Stewart Frusher Alistair J. Hobday Nicole Hill Neil J. Holbrook Graham J. Edgar Rick Stuart‐Smith Neville Barrett Thomas Wernberg Reg A. Watson Dan A. Smale Elizabeth A. Fulton Dirk Slawinski Ming Feng Ben T. Radford Peter A. Thompson Amanda E. Bates 《Ecology letters》2015,18(9):944-953
Species' ranges are shifting globally in response to climate warming, with substantial variability among taxa, even within regions. Relationships between range dynamics and intrinsic species traits may be particularly apparent in the ocean, where temperature more directly shapes species' distributions. Here, we test for a role of species traits and climate velocity in driving range extensions in the ocean‐warming hotspot of southeast Australia. Climate velocity explained some variation in range shifts, however, including species traits more than doubled the variation explained. Swimming ability, omnivory and latitudinal range size all had positive relationships with range extension rate, supporting hypotheses that increased dispersal capacity and ecological generalism promote extensions. We find independent support for the hypothesis that species with narrow latitudinal ranges are limited by factors other than climate. Our findings suggest that small‐ranging species are in double jeopardy, with limited ability to escape warming and greater intrinsic vulnerability to stochastic disturbances. 相似文献
105.
Proteome analysis reveals novel proteins associated with proliferation and differentiation of the colorectal cancer cell line Caco-2 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
Stierum R Gaspari M Dommels Y Ouatas T Pluk H Jespersen S Vogels J Verhoeckx K Groten J van Ommen B 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2003,1650(1-2):73-91
Here, we describe a proteomics approach to study protein expression changes in differentiating Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 is a colorectal carcinoma cell line, which upon differentiation loses its tumorigenic phenotype and displays characteristics of mature enterocytes, including brush borders with microvilli. Cells were grown in culture flasks and harvested at different stages of differentiation (days post-confluence: -3, 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 18). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to analyse proteome changes. Approximately 1400 protein spots were detected within the Caco-2 proteome, within the pH 4-7 range. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis allowed for the detection of 18 proteins from which the levels of expression were found to be associated with differentiation. Of these proteins, 11 were identified by means of MALDI-TOF or NANO-ESI-MS/MS mass spectrometry and include liver fatty acid binding protein (FABL), three forms of alpha-enolase (ENOA), nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NDKA), cofilin-1 (COF1), translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), mitochondrial 60-kDa heat shock protein (CH60), probable protein disulfide isomerase (ER60), creatine kinase B (KCRB), and glutathione S-transferase alpha (GTA1). Thus, proteomics revealed that the differentiation-related change in phenotype of Caco-2 involves changes in a variety of distinct biochemical pathways. Some of these proteins have not been shown before to be associated with Caco-2 differentiation (ER60; COF1; CH60; NDKA; TCTP and ENOA). Therefore, processes related to protein folding and disulfide bridge formation, cytoskeleton formation and maintenance, nucleotide metabolism, glycolysis as well as tumorigenesis-associated proteins may be involved in Caco-2 differentiation. Changes in the expression of CH60, TCTP, GTA1, NDKA, and FABL have also been reported to be associated with in vivo colon carcinogenesis. These findings illustrate that a combination of proteomics and cell culture is a useful approach to find markers for Caco-2 differentiation, which could contribute to the comprehension of the process of colon carcinogenesis. 相似文献
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109.
Outer membrane proteins of pathogenic spirochetes 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
110.