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161.
162.
S. Raicevich F. Giomi F. Pranovi O. Giovanardi P. Di Muro M. Beltramini 《Hydrobiologia》2011,664(1):107-118
The onset of and recovery from physiological stress in Liocarcinus depurator (Decapoda: Portunidae), that were trawled and subjected to emersion during fishing activities, was analysed in a field study
in the Northern Adriatic Sea. Our working hypothesis intended to assess the development of physiological impairment due to
air exposure during sorting operations, and the possible recovery trajectories after the return to sea of this by-caught species.
The protocol we used included experimental trawling and quantification of physiological stress indicators (haemolymph concentrations
of l-lactate, d-glucose, ammonia and pH) under different seasonal conditions. Immediately after being caught, when the fishing net was emptied
on board, L. depurator showed higher physiological imbalance in the summer vs. winter experiments, highlighting the immediate effect of temperature
shock due to the difference in temperature between the sea bottom and the deck (15–18 and 2°C in summer and winter, respectively).
Experimental animals in the permanently emersed condition exhibited a progressive disruption of homeostasis in both seasons,
as confirmed by a significant increase in lactate and a decrease in the pH of the haemolymph as a function of the emersion
time. Ammonia levels were almost stable in the summer, when the physiological limits of this metabolite were reached immediately
after animals were caught. In the winter, a significant increase in ammonia was observed over the time. This pattern can be
attributed to the impairment of gill function, resulting in suffocation (manifested by marked haemolymph acidosis) and reduced
ammonia excretion. Glucose concentration was revealed to be stable during air exposure in both seasons, though a higher concentration
was recorded in the summer compared to the winter. The recovered individuals tended to return to pre-caught values for all
of the haemolymph parameters we measured, though with different trajectories in the two seasons. From these results, we conclude
that temperature shock, coupled with air exposure, influenced the ultimate stress level of this species to a greater extent
than other effects of fishing. 相似文献