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41.
Younès A Pepe S Barron BA Spurgeon HA Lakatta EG Caffrey JL 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2000,279(4):H1989-H1998
Although preproenkephalin mRNA is abundant in the heart, the myocardial synthesis and processing of proenkephalin is largely undefined. Isolated working rat hearts were perfused to determine the rate of myocardial proenkephalin synthesis, its processing into enkephalin-containing peptides, their subsequent release into the coronary arteries, and the influence of prior sympathectomy. Enkephalin-containing peptides were separated by gel filtration and quantified with antisera for specific COOH-terminal sequences. Proenkephalin, peptide B, and [Met(5)]enkephalin-Arg(6)-Phe(7) (MEAP) comprised 95% of the extracted myocardial enkephalins (35 pmol/g). Newly synthesized enkephalins, estimated during a 1-h perfusion with [(14)C]phenylalanine (4 pmol x h(-1) x g wet wt(-1)), were rapidly cleared from the heart during a second isotope-free hour. Despite a steady release of enkephalins into the coronary effluent (4 pmol x h(-1) x g wet wt(-1)), enkephalin replacement apparently exceeded its release, and tissue enkephalins actually accumulated during hour 2. In contrast to the tissue, methionine-enkephalin accounted for more than half of the released enkephalin. Chemical sympathectomy produced an increase in total enkephalin content similar to that observed after 2-h control perfusion. This observation suggested that the normal turnover of myocardial enkephalin may depend in part on continued sympathetic influences. 相似文献
42.
43.
1-Thio-beta-D-galactofuranosides: synthesis and evaluation as beta-D- galactofuranosidase inhibitors
Marino C; Marino K; Miletti L; Manso Alves MJ; Colli W; de Lederkremer RM 《Glycobiology》1998,8(9):901-904
Beta-D-galactofuranosidase is a good chemotherapeutic target for the design
of inhibitors, since beta-D-galactofuranose is a constituent of important
parasite glycoconjugates but is not present in the host mammals. With this
aim, we have synthesized for the first time alkyl, benzyl and aryl
1-thio-beta-D-galactofuranosides by condensation of
penta-O-benzoyl-alpha,beta-D-galactofuranose with the corresponding thiols,
in the presence of SnCl4as catalyst. The complete chemical and
spectroscopical characterization of these compounds showed that the
reaction was stereoselective. Debenzoylation with sodium methoxide afforded
the beta-S-galactofuranosides in high yield. The thioglycosides were tested
as inhibitors of the beta-D- galactofuranosidase of Penicillium fellutanum,
using for the first time 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside as
chromogenic substrate. The 4- aminophenyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactofuranoside,
obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of the nitrophenyl derivative, was the
best inhibitor being then an adequate ligand for the preparation of an
affinity phase aimed at the isolation of beta-d-galactofuranosidases from
different sources. Also the inhibitory activity of d-galactono-1, 4-lactone
was shown.
相似文献
44.
S. Gough N. Barron A. L. Zubov V. I. Lozinsky A. P. McHale 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》1998,19(2):87-90
The thermotolerant, ethanol-producing yeast strain Kluyveromyces marxianus IMB3 has been immobilized in calcium alginate gel and poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel (PVAC) beads. The immobilized preparations were used as biocatalyst in fed-batch reactor systems for prolonged periods. The substrate utilized in each case consisted of sugar cane molasses diluted to yield a sugar load of 140?g/l. During the first cycle the maximum ethanol concentration produced by the alginate system was 57?g/l, representing 80% of the maximum theoretical yield. In the system employing the PVAC-immobilized biocatalyst, ethanol production increased to a maximum of 52–53?g/l, representing 73% of the maximum theoretical yield. In both cases, maximum ethanol concentration was achieved within a 72-hour period. When each system was operated on a fed-batch basis for a prolonged period of time the average ethanol concentrations produced in the alginate- and the PVAC-immobilized systems were 21 and 45?g/l, respectively. The results suggest that the PVAC-based immobilization system may provide a more practical alternative to alginate for the production of ethanol by K. marxianus IMB3 in continuous or semi-continuous fermentation systems. 相似文献
45.
K J Nielsen P R Barron D J Craik P F Lambert J D Wade 《Biochemistry international》1991,25(2):199-210
Two dimensional NMR spectra of porcine brain natriuretic peptide have been recorded at 400 MHz. Peak assignments have been made and the combined information from chemical shifts, coupling constants, temperature coefficients, exchange studies and nuclear Overhauser effects has been used to determine the conformation of pBNP in aqueous media. Overall the peptide appears to be conformationally averaged with the possibility of some restricted flexibility in localized regions. The conformation of porcine brain natriuretic peptide in water is compared to previous studies in d6-DMSO and to studies of atrial natriuretic peptide and some closely related analogues in H2O and d6-DMSO. 相似文献
46.
Thibault Dubois Cristian Pasquaretta Andrew B. Barron Jacques Gautrais Mathieu Lihoreau 《PLoS computational biology》2021,17(7)
Central place foraging pollinators tend to develop multi-destination routes (traplines) to exploit patchily distributed plant resources. While the formation of traplines by individual pollinators has been studied in detail, how populations of foragers use resources in a common area is an open question, difficult to address experimentally. We explored conditions for the emergence of resource partitioning among traplining bees using agent-based models built from experimental data of bumblebees foraging on artificial flowers. In the models, bees learn to develop routes as a consequence of feedback loops that change their probabilities of moving between flowers. While a positive reinforcement of movements leading to rewarding flowers is sufficient for the emergence of resource partitioning when flowers are evenly distributed, the addition of a negative reinforcement of movements leading to unrewarding flowers is necessary when flowers are patchily distributed. In environments with more complex spatial structures, the negative experiences of individual bees on flowers favour spatial segregation and efficient collective foraging. Our study fills a major gap in modelling pollinator behaviour and constitutes a unique tool to guide future experimental programs. 相似文献
47.
Pasta is popular for its ease of cooking and its low glycaemic index (GI). This interesting nutritional property can be attributed
to its specific compact structure generally described as a protein network entrapping starch granules. Despite this low GI,
pasta is poor in fibres and lack some essential amino acids. To enhance its nutritional composition, pasta can be fortified
with non-traditional ingredients such as legume flours. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of legume
flour addition on pasta structure and the inherent consequences on the in vitro digestibility of starch. The addition of a high level (35%, w/w) of legume flour, especially split pea flour, induced some minor structural changes in pasta. The inclusion of fibres, the
dilution of gluten proteins by albumins and globulins, and the larger amount of thin protein films (in split pea pasta) may
have favoured higher susceptibility of starch to digestive enzymes. At the opposite, the presence of some partially gelatinised
starch granules in the core of fortified pasta may have favoured the decrease in the in vitro starch digestibility. As a consequence, a high level of legume flour addition in pasta did not have any significant impact
on its in vitro starch digestibility. A high level of split pea and faba bean flours can thus be added to pasta to increase its nutritional
composition while keeping its low glycaemic index. 相似文献
48.
M Alonso N Alonso Rodriguez C Garzelli M Martínez Lirola M Herranz S Samper MJ Ruiz Serrano E Bouza D García de Viedma 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):151
Background
The Beijing lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is causing concern due to its global distribution and its involvement in severe outbreaks. Studies focused on this lineage are mainly restricted to geographical settings where its prevalence is high, whereas those in other areas are scarce. In this study, we analyze Beijing isolates in the Mediterranean area, where this lineage is not prevalent and is mainly associated with immigrant cases. 相似文献49.
A. J. MacDermott L. D. Barron A. Brack T. Buhse A. F. Drake R. J. Emery G. Gottarelli J. M. Greenberg R. Haberle R. A. Hegstrom K. Hobbs D. K. Kondepudi C. McKay S. Moorbath F. Raulin M. C. W. Sandford D. W. Schwartzman W. Thiemann G. E. Tranter J. C. Zarnecki 《Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere》1996,26(3-5):246-247
50.
Eric J. Barron 《Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology》1985,50(1):45-61
A series of General Circulation Model experiments are performed to examine the role of paleogeography as an explanation of the Tertiary global cooling trend. Systematic long-term variations in topography and land—sea distribution are potential causes of long-term climate change. However, climate model sensitivity experiments indicate a geographically related cooling during the last 20 million years, but not a long-term Cenozoic trend. Coarse resolution changes in geography throughout the Tertiary may not be the explanation of the Tertiary global cooling trend. Either a series of events, some geographically related, or another forcing factor, most probably atmospheric CO2 concentration, are offered as alternative explanations of the Tertiary global cooling trend. 相似文献