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41.
Comparisons of the molecular evolutionary process at rbcL and ndhF in the grass family (Poaceae) 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
We examine rate heterogeneity among evolutionary lineages of the grass
family at two plasmid loci, ndhF and rbcL, and we introduce a method to
determine whether patterns of rate heterogeneity are correlated between
loci. We show both that rates of synonymous evolution are heterogeneous
among grass lineages and that are heterogeneity is correlated between loci
at synonymous sites. At nonsynonymous sites, the pattern of rate
heterogeneity is not correlated between loci, primarily due to an aberrant
pattern of rate heterogeneity at nonsynonymous sites of rbcL. We compare
patterns of synonymous rate heterogeneity to predictors based on the
generation time effect and the speciation rate hypotheses. Although there
is some evidence for generation time effects, neither generation time
effects nor speciation rates appear to be sufficient to explain patterns of
rate heterogeneity in the grass plastid sequences.
相似文献
42.
Transgenic Expression of Osteoactivin/gpnmb Enhances Bone Formation In Vivo and Osteoprogenitor Differentiation Ex Vivo 下载免费PDF全文
43.
Kevin Lebrigand Le D. He Nishant Thakur Marie-Jeanne Arguel Jolanta Polanowska Bernard Henrissat Eric Record Ghislaine Magdelenat Valérie Barbe Sylvain Raffaele Pascal Barbry Jonathan J. Ewbank 《PLoS genetics》2016,12(5)
Drechmeria coniospora is an obligate fungal pathogen that infects nematodes via the adhesion of specialized spores to the host cuticle. D. coniospora is frequently found associated with Caenorhabditis elegans in environmental samples. It is used in the study of the nematode’s response to fungal infection. Full understanding of this bi-partite interaction requires knowledge of the pathogen’s genome, analysis of its gene expression program and a capacity for genetic engineering. The acquisition of all three is reported here. A phylogenetic analysis placed D. coniospora close to the truffle parasite Tolypocladium ophioglossoides, and Hirsutella minnesotensis, another nematophagous fungus. Ascomycete nematopathogenicity is polyphyletic; D. coniospora represents a branch that has not been molecularly characterized. A detailed in silico functional analysis, comparing D. coniospora to 11 fungal species, revealed genes and gene families potentially involved in virulence and showed it to be a highly specialized pathogen. A targeted comparison with nematophagous fungi highlighted D. coniospora-specific genes and a core set of genes associated with nematode parasitism. A comparative gene expression analysis of samples from fungal spores and mycelia, and infected C. elegans, gave a molecular view of the different stages of the D. coniospora lifecycle. Transformation of D. coniospora allowed targeted gene knock-out and the production of fungus that expresses fluorescent reporter genes. It also permitted the initial characterisation of a potential fungal counter-defensive strategy, involving interference with a host antimicrobial mechanism. This high-quality annotated genome for D. coniospora gives insights into the evolution and virulence of nematode-destroying fungi. Coupled with genetic transformation, it opens the way for molecular dissection of D. coniospora physiology, and will allow both sides of the interaction between D. coniospora and C. elegans, as well as the evolutionary arms race that exists between pathogen and host, to be studied. 相似文献
44.
Tina Alaeitabar Valérie Barbe Caroline Belser Hélène Bergès Catherine Bodénès Nathalie Boudet Christophe Boury Aurélie Canaguier Arnaud Couloux Corinne Da Silva Sébastien Duplessis François Ehrenmann Barbara Estrada‐Mairey Stéphanie Fouteau Nicolas Francillonne Christine Gaspin Cécile Guichard Christophe Klopp Karine Labadie Céline Lalanne Isabelle Le Clainche Jean‐Charles Leplé Grégoire Le Provost Thibault Leroy Isabelle Lesur Francis Martin Jonathan Mercier Célia Michotey Florent Murat Franck Salin Delphine Steinbach Patricia Faivre‐Rampant Patrick Wincker Jérôme Salse Hadi Quesneville Antoine Kremer 《Molecular ecology resources》2016,16(1):254-265
The 1.5 Gbp/2C genome of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) has been sequenced. A strategy was established for dealing with the challenges imposed by the sequencing of such a large, complex and highly heterozygous genome by a whole‐genome shotgun (WGS) approach, without the use of costly and time‐consuming methods, such as fosmid or BAC clone‐based hierarchical sequencing methods. The sequencing strategy combined short and long reads. Over 49 million reads provided by Roche 454 GS‐FLX technology were assembled into contigs and combined with shorter Illumina sequence reads from paired‐end and mate‐pair libraries of different insert sizes, to build scaffolds. Errors were corrected and gaps filled with Illumina paired‐end reads and contaminants detected, resulting in a total of 17 910 scaffolds (>2 kb) corresponding to 1.34 Gb. Fifty per cent of the assembly was accounted for by 1468 scaffolds (N50 of 260 kb). Initial comparison with the phylogenetically related Prunus persica gene model indicated that genes for 84.6% of the proteins present in peach (mean protein coverage of 90.5%) were present in our assembly. The second and third steps in this project are genome annotation and the assignment of scaffolds to the oak genetic linkage map. In accordance with the Bermuda and Fort Lauderdale agreements and the more recent Toronto Statement, the oak genome data have been released into public sequence repositories in advance of publication. In this presubmission paper, the oak genome consortium describes its principal lines of work and future directions for analyses of the nature, function and evolution of the oak genome. 相似文献
45.
Doses of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation up to 40 Jm–2 produce a continuous increase of both the level and the rate of ATP production in a RecA+ strain ofEscherichia coli growing in AB minimal medium with glucose as carbon source. At fluences higher than 40 Jm–2, these two parameters increase at a constant rate independent of the dose. Furthermore, in the UV-irradiatedrecA13 mutant, the concentration of ATP is higher and its rate of production is faster than in the RecA+ strain. The same behavior as cited above was shown by both RecA+ and RecA– cells when incubated in AB minimal medium without any carbon source both 60 min before and after UV irradiation. 相似文献
46.
Background
Host parasitism by Trichomonas vaginalis is complex. Adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) is mediated by surface proteins. We showed before that antisense down-regulation of expression of adhesin AP65 decreased amounts of protein, which lowered levels of T. vaginalis adherence to VECs. We now perform antisense down-regulation of expression of the ap33 gene to evaluate and confirm a role for AP33 in adherence by T. vaginalis. We also used an established transfection system for heterologous expression of AP33 in T. foetus as an additional confirmatory approach. 相似文献47.
48.
Grimaud R Ghiglione JF Cagnon C Lauga B Vaysse PJ Rodriguez-Blanco A Mangenot S Cruveiller S Barbe V Duran R Wu LF Talla E Bonin P Michotey V 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(13):3539-3540
Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus SP17 forms biofilms specifically at the interface between water and hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) that are used as carbon and energy sources. Biofilm formation at the HOC-water interface has been recognized as a strategy to overcome the low availability of these nearly water-insoluble substrates. Here, we present the genome sequence of SP17, which could provide further insights into the mechanisms of enhancement of HOCs assimilation through biofilm formation. 相似文献
49.
Mavingui P Valiente Moro C Tran-Van V Wisniewski-Dyé F Raquin V Minard G Tran FH Voronin D Rouy Z Bustos P Lozano L Barbe V González V 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(7):1840
Although bacteria of the genus Wolbachia induced significant extended phenotypes to infected hosts, most molecular mechanisms involved are still unknown. To gain insight into the bacterial genetic determinants, we sequenced the whole genome of Wolbachia wAlbB strain, a commensal obligate intracellular of the tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus. 相似文献
50.
P Normand J Gury P Pujic B Chouaia E Crotti L Brusetti D Daffonchio B Vacherie V Barbe C Médigue A Calteau F Ghodhbane-Gtari I Essoussi I Nouioui I Abbassi-Ghozzi M Gtari 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(17):4773-4774
Here we report the full genome sequence of Modestobacter marinus strain BC501, an actinobacterial isolate that thrives on stone surfaces. The generated chromosome is circular, with a length of 5.57 Mb and a G+C content of 74.13%, containing 5,445 protein-coding genes, 48 tRNAs, and 3 ribosomal operons. 相似文献