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71.
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in subterranean mole-rats of the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in Israel, and its peripheral isolates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nevo E; Honeycutt RL; Yonekawa H; Nelson K; Hanzawa N 《Molecular biology and evolution》1993,10(3):590-604
Patterns of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation were examined in 133
mole-rats constituting all four chromosomal species (2n = 52, 2n = 54, 2n =
58, and 2n = 60) of the Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies in Israel, as well
as the peripheral isolates of 2n = 60. In the main range of the complex, a
total of 28 mtDNA haplotypes were found in 64 mole-rats, with most
haplotypes being unique to either a single chromosomal species or
population. mtDNA divergence increased from low to high diploid number in a
north-to-south direction in Israel. Overall levels of mtDNA diversity were
unexpectedly the highest in the 2n = 60, the youngest species of the
complex. The mtDNA haplotypes can be separated into two major groups, 2n =
52-54 and 2n = 58-60, and a phylogenetic analysis for each group revealed
evidence of a few haplotypes not sorted by diploid number. The overall
patterns of mtDNA divergence seen within and among the four chromosomal
species are consistent with the parapatric mode of speciation as suggested
from previous studies of allozyme and DNA hybridization. In a separate data
set the patterns of mtDNA variation were examined across the main
geographic range and across peripheral semi-isolates and isolates of the 2n
= 60 chromosomal species. Fifteen haplotypes were found in 69 mole-rats.
High levels of mtDNA diversity characterized the main range, semi-isolated,
and even some desert isolated populations. The peripheral isolates contain
much mtDNA diversity, including novel haplotypes.
相似文献
72.
Tereza Cristina Santos Evangelista
scar Lpez Sabrina Baptista Ferreira Jos G. Fernndez-Bolaos Magne O. Sydnes Emil Lindbck 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2021,36(1):1659
The synthesis of four tetra-tacrine clusters where the tacrine binding units are attached to a central scaffold via linkers of variable lengths is described. The multivalent inhibition potencies for the tacrine clusters were investigated for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Two of the tacrine clusters displayed a small but significant multivalent inhibition potency in which the binding affinity of each of the tacrine binding units increased up to 3.2 times when they are connected to the central scaffold. 相似文献
73.
74.
Rosangela Itri Mauricio Baptista Antonio Jos Costa-Filho Richard Charles Garratt 《Biophysical reviews》2021,13(6):797
The 20th IUPAB Congress took place online, together with the annual meetings of the Brazilian Biophysical Society and the Brazilian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, from the 4th to the 8th of October, 2021. The ten keynote lectures, 24 symposia, two poster sessions, and a series of technical seminars covered the full diversity of current biophysical research and its interfaces with other fields. The event had over 1000 attendees, with an excellent gender balance. Although the Americas dominated, there were also significant numbers of participants from Europe, Asia, and Africa.The International Union of Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) came into existence in Stockholm in 1961 and has been a member of the International Science Council since 1966 (Solomon 1968). Its overall objectives aim to foster international collaboration in all aspects of biophysics and related areas and to catalyze the advancement of basic biophysical research as well as its many applications. Although IUPAB is active on many fronts, undeniably one of its showcase events is the IUPAB Congress, traditionally organized every three years in different locations worldwide. In 2021, the event was organized and run from Brazil, albeit for the very first time in a virtual format due to travel restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. On this occasion, the Congress was organized in conjunction with the annual meetings of both the Brazilian Biophysical Society (SBBf, in its 45th edition) and the Brazilian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (SBBq, in its 50th edition). Even with the united forces of these well-established local societies, it turned out to be a bumpy ride to bring the event to fruition.Plans for the 20th Congress began in 2016, almost immediately after the decision to hold the event in Brazil, a cause championed by the then-president of the Brazilian Biophysical Society, Marcelo Morales. The original plans had the meeting to be held in the Cidade Maravilhosa (The Wonderful City) of Rio de Janeiro in October 2020. However, it soon became apparent that the political and economic difficulties that the State of Rio was facing at the time meant that it would be wise to search for an alternative venue. The previous experience of SBBq in organizing similar events in the city of Foz do Iguaçu, on the borders with Argentina and Paraguay, made this an obvious choice. Furthermore, the natural attraction of the spectacular Iguaçu waterfalls seemed to be an ideal compensation for Sugar Loaf Mountain, Copacabana beach, and the statue of Christ the Redeemer on Corcovado Mountain.Then came the pandemic. By mid-2020, it had become apparent that there were too many unknowns to make it possible to proceed with an in-person event in October of that year. It was decided to postpone the congress to 2021 but with a firm belief that things would be “back to normal.” Sweet delusion! As 2020 turned into 2021 and the severity and longevity of the pandemic became clearer and clearer (not to mention the abysmal performance of the Brazilian government in failing to rise to the challenge), the inevitable decision was taken to transform the event into an “on-line” congress. This was a first for both the local organizers and the IUPAB.The move to an online format immediately had an impact on the organization of the Young Scientist Program. This was initially envisaged to be a combination of formal and informal activities aimed at uniting about 40 early carrier scientists and post-docs for a couple of days prior to the main event in a stimulating atmosphere conducive to networking. Skillfully conceived, organized, and executed by Eneida de Paula (Campinas) and Eduardo Reis (São Paulo), this too had to be adapted to a “virtual reality.” The successful solution turned out to be a series of fortnightly thematic webinars, including a talk from a recognized authority in the field followed by three or four short presentations from the participants themselves (Table (Table1).1). The standard was extremely high and the YSP ended up being a highly effective warm-up to the congress itself. Furthermore, there was excellent geographical diversity among the participants with Europe, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and both North and South America represented.Table 1Young Scientist Webinar Program
Open in a separate windowThe main event attracted over 1000 participants, with an excellent gender balance. Although the Americas dominated, there were also significant numbers of participants from Europe, Asia, and Africa (Fig. 1). Table Table22 gives an excellent idea of the diverse subject matter covered during the 5 days of the congress itself. As to be expected, the way in which biophysics naturally interfaces with biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry (including medicinal chemistry), physics, engineering, etc. was more than apparent. Nevertheless, several themes appeared to be particularly recurrent throughout the event. Notwithstanding the plethora of other topics, several main threads permeated the proceedings, and these included (1) lipids, membranes, their assembly, and dynamics; (2) bioimaging at all levels; (3) drug targets and drug development/delivery; and (4) molecular recognition including membrane/protein interactions. This special issue aims to cover the main topics of the event as comprehensively as possible in similar vein to previous efforts (Hall and dos Remedios, 2017). In over 50 articles, including reviews, commentaries, letters, and editorials, we aim to convey the full flavor of the congress. It is hoped that this will serve simultaneously as both a useful source of reference and a historical record. The short, focused review articles are all up-to-date and expected to be of particular value to a broad readership. We hope that you enjoy them as much as we have and find them to be instructive and beneficial.Open in a separate windowFig. 1Participants by continentTable 2Symposia organized during the 20th IUPAB Congress
Open in a separate windowAll of the Keynote lectures (Table (Table3)3) were very well attended. The Nobel laureate Richard Henderson set the ball rolling with a beautifully clear historical overview of how cryo-EM got to be where it is now and what we might expect for the near future. Tony Watts (the new president-elect of IUPAB) closed the event with the Avanti/IUPAB award lecture and a clear message that biophysics is not all about proteins—lipids are important (also)! Midweek, a second Nobel prize winner, Michael Levitt, gave his take on the COVID-19 pandemic by applying his talent for mathematical modeling in much the same way as he so successfully applied it to macromolecular systems in the past. At the very least, his talk gave plenty of food for thought to those who were present.Table 3Keynote speakers
Open in a separate windowOverall, the sessions were very well attended with typically over 200 participants. The ease of moving from one session to another under the virtual format proved to be a notable advantage. Furthermore, since many of the talks were pre-recorded, most of the sessions kept to time rather better than is often the case at traditional events. The two poster sessions were also very well frequented, and the pre-recorded videos were generally of high quality. Approximately 10% of all poster presenters were awarded prizes during the closing ceremony, and six special prizes were generously provided by the Royal Society of Chemistry.Several special activities were held throughout the week. These included technical seminars by some of the sponsors, including Cytiva, Thermo-Fisher, and Sartorius as well as sessions devoted to Brazil-German exchange programs and one on “Gender in Science.” The latter was particularly motivational for the congress participants, whose demographic was heavily biased towards early-career scientists, post-docs, and students (Fig. 2). Biophysical Reviews organized two early-morning sessions, one of which was an editorial board meeting whilst the other was open to all interested parties and represented an opportunity to promote the journal within the community. The IUPAB held its general assembly on the 6th of October. Manuel Prieto formally took over as President with Marcelo Morales stepping down but continuing as a council member in the role of immediate Past President. Tony Watts becomes the new President Elect.Open in a separate windowFig. 2The distribution of participants according to their stage in the careerDespite the challenges of organizing a widely diverse international event online, we came away with the feeling of a mission accomplished and the hope that we will be able to meet up in person in the very near future. From the extremely high standard of the presentations and the overall satisfaction of the participants, we think it can be considered to have been a success. See you all in Kyoto! 相似文献
Date | General subject area | Invited speaker |
---|---|---|
19th May | Biomimetic Structures and Systems/Multiscale Biophysics of Membranes | Manuel Prieto, Portugal |
26th May | Cell Biophysics and Phase Transition | Clifford Brangwynne, USA |
9th June | Plant biotechnology/Biofuels/Bioenergy | Igor Polikarpov, Brazil |
23rd June | Applications in Biomedical and Materials Science | – |
7th July | Mechanisms of Membrane Protein | Natalie Strynadka, Canada |
21st July | Membrane Permeation: Channels and Transporters | Eduardo Perozo, USA |
4th August | Bioenergetics and Metabolism | Alicia Kowaltowski, Brazil |
18th August | Protein Structure to Function/Structural Biology | Wah Chiu, USA |
1st September | Computational Biophysics and Biochemistry | Ingemar André, Sweden |
15th September | Drug Discovery and Delivery | Fabio Sonvico, Italy |
Title | Chair |
---|---|
Drug design and delivery | Joke Bouwstra (Leiden, Netherlands) |
Protein Structure, Dynamics and Function | Richard Garratt (São Carlos, Brazil) |
Biological Photosensors and their Applications in Optogenetics | Silvia Braslavsky (MPI, Germany) |
Macromolecular Machines and Switching Devices | Alejandro Buschiazzo (Montevideo, Uruguay) |
RSC–Chemical Biology | Randall Peterson (Utah, USA) |
Young Talent in Life Sciences (Cytiva Award) | Juliana Fietto (Viçosa, Brazil) |
Deforming Membranes | Patricia Bassereau (Curie Institute, France) |
Systems Biology and Biomarkers for Human Disorders | Peter Nilson (KTH, Stockholm, Sweden) |
PABMB Symposium: Metabolism and Bioenergetics | Alicia Kowaltowski (São Paulo, Brazil) |
Biophotonics | Georg Wondrak/Martha Ribeiro (Arizona, USA/São Paulo, Brazil) |
Microbiomes: human and environmental | Leda Vieira (Belo Horizonte, Brazil) |
Molecular and Cell Imaging | Paulo Bisch (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) |
Ionic Channels and Membrane Transporters | John Baenziger (Chicago, USA) |
Biomolecular Association and Dynamics | Paul Whitford (Boston, USA) |
Gender in Science | Cristina Nonato/David Crossman (Ribeirão Preto, Brazil/Aukland, New Zealand) |
Protein Folding, Misfolding and Unfolding | Vladimir Uversky (Tampa, USA) |
EBSA Symposium on Translational Biophysics | Anthony Watts/Jesús Pérez-Gil (Oxford, UK/Madrid, Spain) |
Autophagy: Mechanisms and Applications | Marcelo Mori (Campinas, Brazil) |
Membrane Simulation | Mikko Karttunen (Ontario, Canada) |
Systems Biologics: at the interface… | Stephen Michnick (Montreal, Canada) |
IUBMB Symposium: Science Education | Manuel João Costa (U. Minho, Portugal) |
Scissioning Membranes | Rumiana Dimova (Potsdam, Germany) |
Redox Biology | Rafael Radi (Montevideo, Uruguay) |
Biophysics of the Immune System | Jean-Marie Ruysschaert (Brussels, Belgium) |
Speaker | Title |
---|---|
Richard Henderson (LMB, Cambridge) | Impact of Single Particle Cryo-electron Microscopy on Structural Biology |
Carlos Bustamante (University of California, Berkeley) | Co-temporal Force and Fluorescence Measurements Reveal a Ribosomal Gear-shift Mechanism of Translation Regulation by mRNA Secondary Structures |
Giorgio Trinchieri (Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Maryland) | Targeting the microbiome in cancer immunotherapy |
Tao Xu (Chinese Academy of Sciences) | The Bei Shizhang Lecture: Cryogenic superresolution correlative light and electron microscopy on the frontier od subcellular imaging |
Michael Levitt (Stanford) | Lessons from 620 days Studying COVID-19 |
Ohara Augusto (São Paulo) | Carbon Dioxide Redox Metabolites in Eustress and Oxidative Distress |
Ramon Latorre (Valparaíso) | Calcium-driven Voltage Sensingand the role of Charged Residues in the voltage sensor domain of BK |
Angela Gronenborn (Pittsburgh) | The Awesome Power of Fluorine NMR |
Yoav Shechtman (Haifa) | IUPAB Young Investigator Lecture: Next Generation Localization Microscopy—or How and Why to Ruin and Perfectly Good Microscope |
Anthony Watts (Oxford) | Avanti/IUPAB Award Lecture: Lipids are important |
75.
Filipa I. Baptista Maria J. Pinto Filipe Elvas Ramiro D. Almeida António F. Ambrósio 《PloS one》2013,8(6)
Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in humans. Diabetic encephalopathy is characterized by cognitive and memory impairments, which have been associated with changes in the hippocampus, but the mechanisms underlying those impairments triggered by diabetes, are far from being elucidated. The disruption of axonal transport is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and might also play a role in diabetes-associated disorders affecting nervous system. We investigated the effect of diabetes (2 and 8 weeks duration) on KIF1A, KIF5B and dynein motor proteins, which are important for axonal transport, in the hippocampus. The mRNA expression of motor proteins was assessed by qRT-PCR, and also their protein levels by immunohistochemistry in hippocampal slices and immunoblotting in total extracts of hippocampus from streptozotocin-induced diabetic and age-matched control animals. Diabetes increased the expression and immunoreactivity of KIF1A and KIF5B in the hippocampus, but no alterations in dynein were detected. Since hyperglycemia is considered a major player in diabetic complications, the effect of a prolonged exposure to high glucose on motor proteins, mitochondria and synaptic proteins in hippocampal neurons was also studied, giving particular attention to changes in axons. Hippocampal cell cultures were exposed to high glucose (50 mM) or mannitol (osmotic control; 25 mM plus 25 mM glucose) for 7 days. In hippocampal cultures incubated with high glucose no changes were detected in the fluorescence intensity or number of accumulations related with mitochondria in the axons of hippocampal neurons. Nevertheless, high glucose increased the number of fluorescent accumulations of KIF1A and synaptotagmin-1 and decreased KIF5B, SNAP-25 and synaptophysin immunoreactivity specifically in axons of hippocampal neurons. These changes suggest that anterograde axonal transport mediated by these kinesins may be impaired in hippocampal neurons, which may lead to changes in synaptic proteins, thus contributing to changes in hippocampal neurotransmission and to cognitive and memory impairments. 相似文献
76.
N M Mendes D F Baptista M C de Vasconcellos V T Schall 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》1992,87(1):21-23
The latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii, at concentrations between 5 to 12 mg/l, kills 100% of the population of Biomphalaria glabrata in a lentic habitat, after 24 h. The lyophilized latex, stocked for 18 months, killed only 34.2% of the snails, at the concentration of 5 mg/l, and 96.0% at 12 mg/l. No lethal effect was observed among Pomacea haustrum exposed to the same concentrations of the molluscicide. 相似文献
77.
A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) was used for the determination of the acid hydrolysis products of L-iduronic acid containing oligosaccharides isolated from biological sources. This HPLC-PAD method was compared with gas chromatographic (GLC) methods. Since acid hydrolysis of oligosaccharides can produce a number of products, several uronic acid derivatives were prepared by chemical synthesis. These well characterized standards in conjunction with mass spectrometry allowed for the identification of most of the products of methanolysis or hydrolysis of glycosamino-glycans, which included chondroitin sulfates A and B (dermatan sulfate), heparin, and hyaluronic acid. (4 M) HCl in methanol 100 degrees C for 24 h was found to be optimum for GLC and 1 M aqueous HCl for 4 h at 100 degrees C for HPLC-PAD. All of the monosaccharides, hexosamines, and uronic acids could be separately identified in a single chromatographic step using either technique. Good resolution, high sensitivity (low microgram samples) and rapid analysis makes these methods particularly useful for the determination of small amounts of glycosaminoglycans and other glycoconjugates found in samples isolated from biological sources. These two techniques are specifically designed to allow the qualitative determination of the carbohydrate content and composition of samples whose carbohydrate composition and content is completely unknown. 相似文献
78.
Ricardo Cyrne Inês C. Rosa Filipa Faleiro Gisela Dionísio Miguel Baptista Ana Couto Marta Pola Rui Rosa 《Helgoland Marine Research》2018,72(1):14
The sudden appearance and disappearance of nudibranchs in intertidal areas have puzzled researchers all over the world, giving rise to a great diversity of theories to explain it. Here we conducted a five-year survey to evaluate seasonal changes in the abundance of Dendrodoris herytra and D. grandiflora in the Sado estuary (Portugal) and to explore a possible relationship with environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen. Moreover, we report, for the first time, the capacity of Dendrodoris nudibranchs to tolerate emersion (unhidden and completely exposed to sun exposure) during low tides. Our results showed that both species consistently started to appear emerged in March, reaching a peak abundance between April and May, and completely disappearing in July. In both species, this temporal trend was significantly associated with water temperature, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen, but not with salinity. We argue that the sudden appearance and disappearance of these nudibranchs in intertidal areas may result from a seasonal horizontal movement of adult nudibranchs from subtidal areas to mate in intertidal areas during spring, when phytoplankton production is enhanced and planktotrophic larvae may benefit from greater food availability. 相似文献
79.
Jennifer L. Gosselin Richard W. Zabel James J. Anderson James R. Faulkner António M. Baptista Benjamin P. Sandford 《Ecology and evolution》2018,8(1):319-332
Experiences of migratory species in one habitat may affect their survival in the next habitat, in what is known as carryover effects. These effects are especially relevant for understanding how freshwater experience affects survival in anadromous fishes. Here, we study the carryover effects of juvenile salmon passage through a hydropower system (Snake and Columbia rivers, northwestern United States). To reduce the direct effect of hydrosystem passage on juveniles, some fishes are transported through the hydrosystem in barges, while the others are allowed to migrate in‐river. Although hydrosystem survival of transported fishes is greater than that of their run‐of‐river counterparts, their relative juvenile‐to‐adult survival (hereafter survival) can be less. We tested for carryover effects using generalized linear mixed effects models of survival with over 1 million tagged Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum) (Salmonidae), migrating in 1999–2013. Carryover effects were identified with rear‐type (wild vs. hatchery), passage‐type (run‐of‐river vs. transported), and freshwater and marine covariates. Importantly, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index characterizing cool/warm (i.e., productive/nonproductive) ocean phases had a strong influence on the relative survival of rear‐ and passage‐types. Specifically, transportation benefited wild Chinook salmon more in cool PDO years, while hatchery counterparts benefited more in warm PDO years. Transportation was detrimental for wild Chinook salmon migrating early in the season, but beneficial for later season migrants. Hatchery counterparts benefited from transportation throughout the season. Altogether, wild fish could benefit from transportation approximately 2 weeks earlier during cool PDO years, with still a benefit to hatchery counterparts. Furthermore, we found some support for hypotheses related to higher survival with increased river flow, high predation in the estuary and plume areas, and faster migration and development‐related increased survival with temperature. Thus, pre‐ and within‐season information on local‐ and broad‐scale conditions across habitats can be useful for planning and implementing real‐time conservation programs. 相似文献
80.