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81.
A refined genome‐scale reconstruction of Chlamydomonas metabolism provides a platform for systems‐level analyses
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Osteopontin (OPN) is a pleiotropic protein implicated in various inflammatory responses including ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Two distinct forms of the protein have been identified: an extensively studied secreted form (sOPN) and a less-well-known intracellular form (iOPN). Studies have shown that increased OPN expression parallels the time course of macrophage infiltration into injured tissue, a late event in the development of cerebral infarcts. sOPN has been suggested to promote remodeling of the extracellular matrix in the brain; the function of iOPN may be to facilitate certain signal transduction processes. Here, we studied OPN expression in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to global forebrain I-R injury. We found iOPN in the cytoplasm of both cortices and the hippocampus, but unexpectedly only the right cortex exhibited a marked increase in the iOPN level after 45 min of reperfusion. Acetaminophen, a drug recently shown to decrease apoptotic incidence, caspase-9 activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction during global I-R, significantly inhibited the increase in iOPN protein in the right cortex, suggesting a role for iOPN in the response to I-R injury in the right cortex. 相似文献
84.
The radioprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger rhizome, Zingiber officinale (ZOE), was studied. Mice were given 10 mg/kg ZOE intraperitoneally once daily for five consecutive days before exposure to 6-12 Gy of gamma radiation and were monitored daily up to 30 days postirradiation for the development of symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality. Pretreatment of mice with ZOE reduced the severity of radiation sickness and the mortality at all doses. The ZOE treatment protected mice from GI syndrome as well as bone marrow syndrome. The dose reduction factor for ZOE was found to be 1.15. The optimum protective dose of 10 mg/kg ZOE was 1/50 of the LD50 (500 mg/kg). Irradiation of the animals resulted in a dose-dependent elevation in the lipid peroxidation and depletion of GSH on day 31 postirradiation; both effects were lessened by pretreatment with ZOE. ZOE also had a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. 相似文献
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86.
Goo YA Roach J Glusman G Baliga NS Deutsch K Pan M Kennedy S DasSarma S Ng WV Hood L 《BMC genomics》2004,5(1):3-19
Background
We studied four extremely halophilic archaea by low-pass shotgun sequencing: (1) the metabolically versatile Haloarcula marismortui; (2) the non-pigmented Natrialba asiatica; (3) the psychrophile Halorubrum lacusprofundi and (4) the Dead Sea isolate Halobaculum gomorrense. Approximately one thousand single pass genomic sequences per genome were obtained. The data were analyzed by comparative genomic analyses using the completed Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 genome as a reference. Low-pass shotgun sequencing is a simple, inexpensive, and rapid approach that can readily be performed on any cultured microbe. 相似文献87.
The performance of fungal xylan-degrading enzyme preparations in elemental chlorine-free bleaching for Eucalyptus pulp 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Medeiros RG Silva FG Salles BC Estelles RS Filho EX 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2002,28(4):204-206
Cellulase-free xylan-degrading enzyme preparations from Acrophialophora nainiana, Humicola grisea var. thermoidea and two Trichoderma harzianum strains were used as bleaching agents for Eucalyptus kraft pulp, prior to a chlorine dioxide and alkaline bleaching sequence. In comparison to the control sequence (performed
without xylanase pretreatment), the sequence incorporating enzyme treatment was more effective. Removal of residual lignin
was indicated by a reduction in kappa number. Overall, enzyme preparations from T. harzianum were marginally more effective in reducing pulp viscosity and chlorine chemical consumption and improving the brightness
of the kraft pulp. However, the highest reduction in pulp viscosity was mediated by the xylanase preparation from A. nainiana. Xylanase pretreatment compares very favorably with that of chemical pulping. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 28, 204–206 DOI: 10.1038/sj/jim/7000227
Received 27 April 2001/ Accepted in revised form 03 November 2001 相似文献
88.
Asmita A. Prabhune Suchitra A. Baliga Asha Chandwadkar Hephzibah SivaRaman 《Biotechnology Techniques》1996,10(8):589-594
Summary Ethanolic fermentation of glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was accelerated in presence of Silicalite only when the yeast was highly flocculent, the zeolite lowering floc size. With the sucrose and molasses, however, fermentation was accelerated even when the yeasts have low flocculence, the zeolite enhancing invertase activity of the yeast cells. 相似文献
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90.
Microsatellite evolution--a reciprocal study of repeat lengths at homologous loci in cattle and sheep 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Ellegren H; Moore S; Robinson N; Byrne K; Ward W; Sheldon BC 《Molecular biology and evolution》1997,14(8):854-860
The application of microsatellites in evolutionary studies requires an
understanding of the patterns governing their evolution in different
species. The finding that homologous microsatellite loci are longer, i.e.,
containing more repeat units, in human and in other primates has been taken
as evidence for directional microsatellite evolution and for a difference
in the rate of evolution between species. However, it has been argued that
this finding is an inevitable consequence of biased selection of
longer-than-average microsatellites in human, because cloning procedures
are adopted to generate polymorphic and, hence, long markers. As a test of
this hypothesis, we conducted a reciprocal comparison of the lengths of
microsatellite loci in cattle and sheep using markers derived from the
bovine genome as well as the ovine genome. In both cases, amplification
products were longer in the focal species, and loci were also more
polymorphic in the species from which they were originally cloned. The
crossing pattern that we found suggests that interspecific length
differences detected at homologous microsatellite loci are the result of
biased selection of loci associated with cloning procedures. Hence,
comparisons of microsatellite evolution between species are flawed unless
they are based on reciprocal analyses or on genuinely random selection of
loci with respect to repeat length.
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