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Background
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a leading movement disorder in children that commonly involves poor postural control. Multisensory integration deficit, especially the inability to adaptively reweight to changing sensory conditions, has been proposed as a possible mechanism but with insufficient characterization. Empirical quantification of reweighting significantly advances our understanding of its developmental onset and improves the characterization of its difference in children with DCD compared to their typically developing (TD) peers.Methodology/Principal Findings
Twenty children with DCD (6.6 to 11.8 years) were tested with a protocol in which visual scene and touch bar simultaneously oscillateded medio-laterally at different frequencies and various amplitudes. Their data were compared to data on TD children (4.2 to 10.8 years) from a previous study. Gains and phases were calculated for medio-lateral responses of the head and center of mass to both sensory stimuli. Gains and phases were simultaneously fitted by linear functions of age for each amplitude condition, segment, modality and group. Fitted gains and phases at two comparison ages (6.6 and 10.8 years) were tested for reweighting within each group and for group differences. Children with DCD reweight touch and vision at a later age (10.8 years) than their TD peers (4.2 years). Children with DCD demonstrate a weak visual reweighting, no advanced multisensory fusion and phase lags larger than those of TD children in response to both touch and vision.Conclusions/Significance
Two developmental perspectives, postural body scheme and dorsal stream development, are provided to explain the weak vision reweighting. The lack of multisensory fusion supports the notion that optimal multisensory integration is a slow developmental process and is vulnerable in children with DCD. 相似文献13.
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S K Sharma T M Ramsey Y N Chen W Chen M S Martin K Clune M Sabio K W Bair 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2001,11(18):2449-2452
A simple method for the synthesis of a rationally designed (S,S)-[Pro-Leu]-spirolactam scaffold is described. This was expanded to a small biased library of compounds mimicking the 'ZRXL' motif in order to identify E2F-1/Cyclin A antagonists. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in an E2F-1/Cyclin A binding assay and moderately active analogues were identified. In addition, the critical roles of Phe, Leu, Lys, and Arg residues of the identified motif were determined. 相似文献
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Mathematical neuronal models are normally expressed using differential equations. The Parker-Sochacki method is a new technique
for the numerical integration of differential equations applicable to many neuronal models. Using this method, the solution
order can be adapted according to the local conditions at each time step, enabling adaptive error control without changing
the integration timestep. The method has been limited to polynomial equations, but we present division and power operations
that expand its scope. We apply the Parker-Sochacki method to the Izhikevich ‘simple’ model and a Hodgkin-Huxley type neuron,
comparing the results with those obtained using the Runge-Kutta and Bulirsch-Stoer methods. Benchmark simulations demonstrate
an improved speed/accuracy trade-off for the method relative to these established techniques.
相似文献
Robert D. StewartEmail: |
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High throughput genomic sequencing of bioaerosols in broiler chicken production facilities
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Kate M. O'Brien Michael S. Chimenti Morgan Farnell Tom Tabler Thomas Bair Joey L. Bray Matthew W. Nonnenmann 《Microbial biotechnology》2016,9(6):782-791
Chronic inhalation exposure to agricultural dust promotes the development of chronic respiratory diseases among poultry workers. Poultry dust is composed of dander, chicken feed, litter bedding and microbes. However, the microbial composition and abundance has not been fully elucidated. Genomic DNA was extracted from settled dust and personal inhalable dust collected while performing litter sampling or mortality collection tasks. DNA libraries were sequenced using a paired‐end sequencing‐by‐synthesis approach on an Illumina HiSeq 2500. Sequencing data showed that poultry dust is predominantly composed of bacteria (64–67%) with a small quantity of avian, human and feed DNA (< 2% of total reads). Staphylococcus sp. AL1, Salinicoccus carnicancri and Lactobacillus crispatus were the most abundant bacterial species in personal exposure samples of inhalable dust. Settled dust had a moderate relative abundance of these species as well as Staphylococcus lentus and Lactobacillus salivarius. There was a statistical difference between the microbial composition of aerosolized and settled dust. Unlike settled dust composition, aerosolized dust composition had little variance between samples. These data provide an extensive analysis of the microbial composition and relative abundance in personal inhalable poultry dust and settled poultry dust. 相似文献
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Wenqiang Chen Salomon Kuizon Bair L. Chiou David C. Bolton Raju K. Pullarkat Mohammed A. Junaid 《Neurochemical research》2009,34(9):1658-1667
Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by disruption of the gene, ataxia telangiectasia
mutated (ATM). Present study was aimed at identifying proteins that are present in abnormal levels in A-T brain that may identify alternative
targets for therapeutic interventions. Proteomic and Western blot analysis have shown massive expression of the small heat
shock protein 27 (Hsp27) in frontal cortices of A-T brains compared to negligible levels in controls. The expression of other
stress proteins, Hsp70, αB-crystallin, and prohibitin remained unchanged in the A-T and control brains. Significant decreases
in reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl groups and lipid peroxidation products were observed in the A-T brains. There
is no evidence of caspase 3 activation or DAXX mediated apoptosis. We propose that neurons in the frontal lobe are protected
by the expression of Hsp27, which scavenges the oxidative stress molecules formed consequent to the primary loss of ATM function. 相似文献