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991.
江孜沙棘[Hippophea gyantsensis(Rousi)Lian]是青藏高原特有的一种广生态幅的小乔木,在拉萨河谷地区的海拔3500~4200 m范围内均有分布.前人工作多集中在江孜沙棘果实的开发利用方面,对其基础生态学研究较少.本研究旨在探讨江孜沙棘沿海拔梯度的群落组成和表型变异的规律.为此,在拉萨河谷上段沿海拔梯度由东向西设置了4个样带:3850 m、3950 m、4050 m和4200 m,每个样带设置2至3个10 m×10 m的样方进行研究.首先,详细记录了每个样方内林下维管植物的物种组成、样方内的沙棘盖度、海拔、样方与河岸的实际距离,并用DCA [detrended correspondence analysis (去势对应分析)] 排序方法对群落及其组成物种进行排序分析.随机抽取了每个样方内的20个江孜沙棘植株个体,测定其胸径、基径、株高和叶片长度,用回归分析法分析这些变量和海拔之间的关系.研究结果表明,江孜沙棘在拉萨河谷内的主要生境分为4种类型,即:河边砾石滩地、河阶草滩、河边草甸和河边林缘, 样方排序结果主要受海拔的影响;同时,江孜沙棘植株的基径、胸径和高度都随着海拔的升高而显著减小,而叶片长度与海拔之间无显著相关.本文研究结果表明,对江孜沙棘而言,海拔所代表的综合环境因子对其分布和表型有显著的影响,而局部光照可能也是影响其表型特征的重要生态因子. 相似文献
992.
Varnes JG Wacker DA Pinto DJ Orwat MJ Theroff JP Wells B Galemo RA Luettgen JM Knabb RM Bai S He K Lam PY Wexler RR 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(2):749-754
Efforts to further optimize the clinical candidate razaxaban have led to a new series of pyrazole-based factor Xa (fXa) inhibitors. Designed to prevent the potential formation of primary aniline metabolites in vivo, the nitrogen of the carboxamido linker between the pyrazole and proximal phenyl moiety of the razaxaban scaffold was replaced with a methylene group. The resulting ketones demonstrated excellent potency and selectivity for fXa but initially had poor oral bioavailability. Optimization by conversion from a P1 aminobenzisoxazole to a P1 p-methoxyphenyl residue, replacing the 3-trifluoromethylpyrazole with a 3-amidopyrazole, and employing a pyridone P4 group provided a fXa inhibitor with a potency and pharmacokinetic profile equivalent to that of razaxaban and improved selectivity over thrombin. 相似文献
993.
Bielawska A Bielawski J Szulc ZM Mayroo N Liu X Bai A Elojeimy S Rembiesa B Pierce J Norris JS Hannun YA 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2008,16(2):1032-1045
Novel isosteric analogs of the ceramidase inhibitors (1S,2R)-N-myristoylamino-phenylpropanol-1 (d-e-MAPP) and (1R,2R)-N-myristoylamino-4'-nitro-phenylpropandiol-1,3 (B13) with modified targeting and physicochemical properties were developed and evaluated for their effects on endogenous bioactive sphingolipids: ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (Cer, Sph, and S1P) in MCF7 cells as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Time- and dose-response studies on the effects of these compounds on Cer species and Sph levels, combined with structure-activity relationship (SAR) data, revealed 4 distinct classes of analogs which were predominantly defined by modifications of the N-acyl-hydrophobic interfaces: N-acyl-analogs (class A), urea-analogs (class B), N-alkyl-analogs (class C), and omega-cationic-N-acyl analogs (class D). Signature patterns recognized for two of the classes correspond to the cellular compartment of action of the new analogs, with class D acting as mitochondriotropic agents and class C compounds acting as lysosomotropic agents. The neutral agents, classes A and B, do not have this compartmental preference. Moreover, we observed a close correlation between the selective increase of C(16)-, C(14)-, and C(18)-Cers and inhibitory effects on MCF7 cell growth. The results are discussed in the context of compartmentally targeted regulators of Sph, Cer species, and S1P in cancer cell death, emphasizing the role of C(16)-Cer. These novel analogs should be useful in cell-based studies as specific regulators of Cer-Sph-S1P inter-metabolism, in vitro enzymatic studies, and for therapeutic development. 相似文献
994.
We have examined global chemical shift perturbations for aP2 ligand complexes and compared these with amide temperature coefficients. Hydrogen bond potential was monitored by amide chemical shift's temperature coefficient. Based on this information, we propose that the binding energy contribution can be spread out to multiple distant residues. For aP2, the ability of the receptor protein to change its hydrogen bond interactions in the beta-strands to accommodate different ligand scaffolds seems to make this receptor difficult for structure based drug design. While stabilization energy differential on hydrogen bonds is likely to be small for individual residues, the accumulative effect on multiple hydrogen bonds may have a dramatic impact on ligand affinity. 相似文献
995.
Renzhong Wang Liang Chen Yuguang Bai Chunwang Xiao 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2008,27(1):39-48
A natural grassland in northeastern China dominated by Leymus chinensis (Trin.) was subject to drought treatments to determine the seasonal dynamics in resource partitioning to shoot and storage
organs in response to drought. The growing season was divided into six stages according to the phenology of L. chinensis. Plant samples of L. chinensis were collected at each stage to determine biomass, gross calorific value, relative water content, and key mineral contents
of plant parts, including rhizomes, roots, leaves, and stems. Resource partitioning to shoot and storage organs as measured
by biomass, gross calorific value, and N, K+, and Na+ contents varied significantly among phenologic stages. Drought treatment (natural precipitation, 50–60 % of field capacity)
significantly reduced biomass, gross calorific value, relative water content of shoot, and N and K+ contents in both shoot and storage organs, but it enhanced rhizome : shoot ratio and Na+ content. A negative correlation in biomass, gross calorific value, and K+ and Na+ contents between shoot and storage organs was found throughout the growing season, which may have been accentuated by drought
when soil moisture was limited. Our results indicate that resource partitioning to storage plays an important role in regulating
plant growth of L. chinensis, especially under drought conditions. 相似文献
996.
Dynamic property is highly correlated with the biological functions of macromolecules, such as the activity and specificity of enzymes and the allosteric regulation in the signal transduction process. Applications of the dynamic property to protein function researches have been discussed and encouraging progresses have been achieved, for example, in enzyme activity and protein-protein docking studies. However, how the global dynamic property contributes to protein-protein interaction was still unclear. We have studied the dynamic property in protein-protein interactions based on Gaussian Network Model and applied it to classify biological and nonbiological protein-protein complexes in crystal structures. The global motion correlation between residues from the two protomers was found to be remarkably different for biological and nonbiological complexes. This correlation has been used to discriminate biological and nonbiological complexes in crystal and gave a classification rate of 86.9% in the cross-validation test. The innovation of this feature is that it is a global dynamic property which does not rely directly on the interfacial properties of the complex. In addition, the correlation of the global motions was found to be weakly correlated with the dissociation rate constant of protein complexes. We suggest that the dynamic property is a key determinant for protein-protein interaction, which can be used to discriminate native and crystal complexes and potentially be applied in protein-protein dynamic rate constants estimations. 相似文献
997.
998.
Cross-species bacterial artificial chromosome-fluorescence in situ hybridization painting of the tomato and potato chromosome 6 reveals undescribed chromosomal rearrangements
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Tang X Szinay D Lang C Ramanna MS van der Vossen EA Datema E Lankhorst RK de Boer J Peters SA Bachem C Stiekema W Visser RG de Jong H Bai Y 《Genetics》2008,180(3):1319-1328
Ongoing genomics projects of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and potato (S. tuberosum) are providing unique tools for comparative mapping studies in Solanaceae. At the chromosomal level, bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) can be positioned on pachytene complements by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on homeologous chromosomes of related species. Here we present results of such a cross-species multicolor cytogenetic mapping of tomato BACs on potato chromosomes 6 and vice versa. The experiments were performed under low hybridization stringency, while blocking with Cot-100 was essential in suppressing excessive hybridization of repeat signals in both within-species FISH and cross-species FISH of tomato BACs. In the short arm we detected a large paracentric inversion that covers the whole euchromatin part with breakpoints close to the telomeric heterochromatin and at the border of the short arm pericentromere. The long arm BACs revealed no deviation in the colinearity between tomato and potato. Further comparison between tomato cultivars Cherry VFNT and Heinz 1706 revealed colinearity of the tested tomato BACs, whereas one of the six potato clones (RH98-856-18) showed minor putative rearrangements within the inversion. Our results present cross-species multicolor BAC–FISH as a unique tool for comparative genetic studies across Solanum species. 相似文献
999.
人睾丸前列腺素D合成酶在毕赤氏酵母中的表达、纯化及鉴定 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
L PGDS是一种双功能蛋白 ,即催化PGD2产生和运输亲脂 疏水分子 .L PGDS主要分布于脑和男性生殖器官 ,并分泌到脑脊液、血清、精液、尿液等体液中 .测定体液中L PGDS的含量可辅助诊断一些神经系统疾病、生殖系统疾病、心血管疾病和肾脏疾病等 .在毕赤氏酵母中表达人睾丸前列腺素D合成酶 ,以利于进一步的生物学功能及临床应用研究 .用PCR的方法从质粒pGEX 2T htL PGDS上扩增出人睾丸L PGDS成熟肽基因编码序列 ,经测序证实后 ,将其插入到质粒pPIC9中 ,构建该基因的酵母表达质粒 .电转化毕赤氏酵母GS1 1 5 ,经甲醇诱导后 ,可实现L PGDS的高效、分泌性表达 .镍离子亲合层析法对表达上清进行纯化 ,SDS PAGE分析证实 ,在 2 7kD处有重组蛋白的表达 ,表达量为 2 7mg L .纯化蛋白可与视黄酸结合 ,使其紫外吸收波谱发生红移 相似文献
1000.
载脂蛋白E(apolipoproteinE ,apoE)由 2 99个氨基酸组成 ,分子量 34kD ,是维持人体正常脂质代谢的必需蛋白质 .它是乳糜微粒 (CM )、极低密度脂蛋白 (VLDL)和高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)的组分 ,是极低密度脂蛋白受体的重要配体 ,是脂质进入细胞不可缺少的中介 .apoE有 3种同分异构体 :apoE2、apoE3、apoE4 ,分别具有不同的生理作用 .apoE4与血浆高胆固醇、心血管疾病和老年痴呆等疾病关联[1~ 3 ] .apoE2与Ⅲ型高脂血症有关 ,并对老年痴呆有防治作用[4,5] .apoE3是大多数健康人所具有… 相似文献