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11.
Rat, cow and foal lung extracts contained an inhibitor for the liver NAD biosynthetic-pathway enzyme, nicotinatemononucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating) [EC 2.4.2.19]. The inhibitor was not dialyzable, was labile at 100 degrees C, was retained by a 30,000 dalton pore size Amicon membrane and, when partially purified by precipitation at 40-100% ammonium sulfate, inhibited the enzyme stoichiometrically. Lung reportedly does not contain nicotinate-mononucleotide pyrophosphorylase or make NAD de novo. However, the inhibitor would mask detection of the enzyme in lung extracts. We detected a low nicotinatemononucleotide pyrophosphorylase-like activity (0.003 +/- 0.001 nanomoles CO2 produced from quinolinic acid per mg of extract protein) in rat lung but none in foal or cow lung. 相似文献
12.
Precise location of breakpoints in a frequent reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22
One of the most frequent chromosomal translocations in human beings is 11q/22q, which results in the "partial trisomy of 22q syndrome." However, the breakpoint on the long arms of chromosomes 11 and 22 is still a matter of controversy. In the present study, we have used chromosomes from lymphocytes of a neonate who happened to have this classical abnormality, and by R-banding prometaphase chromosomes with acridine orange it has been possible to establish that the translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22 resulted from 3:1 meiotic maternal nondisjunction. A detailed analysis of the chromosome regions involved in this translocation revealed that the breakpoints on chromosomes 11 and 22 were at 11q23.3 and 22q11.1, respectively. 相似文献
13.
Summary
T(Y;2) translocations were used to cytologically localise the wingless locus of Drosophila melanogaster. We found that an existing T(Y;2), which is an insertion of a segment of 2L into the Y chromosome, has wg
+ within this insert. This Y chromosome was used to generate an attached XY chromosome containing wg
+. The mutation claret-nondisjunctional (ca
nd) was used to induce the loss of this XY chromosome and thus generate gynandromorphs with wg
1/wg
1 male tissue and wg
+/wg
1/wg
1 female tissue. Analysis of these gynanders demonstrated that a genotypically wingless mutant hemithorax is usually also phenotypically mutant in these half body mosaics; thus wg
1 is discautonomous. This observation is of interest as it is known that wg is not cell autonomous. 相似文献
14.
Comparison of AMP and NADH binding to glycogen phosphorylase b 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
E A Stura G Zanotti Y S Babu M S Sansom D I Stuart K S Wilson L N Johnson G Van de Werve 《Journal of molecular biology》1983,170(2):529-565
The binding sites for the allosteric activator, AMP, to glycogen phosphorylase b are described in detail utilizing the more precise knowledge of the native structure obtained from crystallographic restrained least-squares refinement than has hitherto been available. Localized conformational changes are seen at the allosteric effector site that include shifts of between 1 and 2 A for residues Tyr75 and Arg309 and very small shifts for the region of residues 42 to 44 from the symmetry-related subunit. Kinetic studies demonstrate that NADH inhibits the AMP activation of glycogen phosphorylase b. Crystallographic binding studies at 3.5 A resolution show that NADH binds to the same sites on the enzyme as AMP, i.e. the allosteric effector site N, which is close to the subunit-subunit interface, and the nucleoside inhibitor site I, which is some 12 A from the catalytic site. The conformations of NADH at the two sites are different but both conformations are "folded" so that the nicotinamide ring is close (approx. 6 A) to the adenine ring. These conformations are compared with those suggested from solution studies and with the extended conformations observed in the single crystal structure of NAD+ and for NAD bound to dehydrogenases. Possible mechanisms for NADH inhibition of phosphorylase activation are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Immunohistochemical localization of bursin in epithelial cells of the avian bursa of Fabricius 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
G I Viamontes T K Audhya U Babu G Goldstein 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》1989,37(6):793-799
Antibodies to the avian B-cell-differentiating hormone bursin (lysyl-histidyl-glycine amide) were raised in mice and rabbits by immunizing with bursin conjugates in Freund's adjuvant. Immunohistochemical staining with these bursin-specific antibodies was restricted to follicular and dendritic reticular epithelial cells of the bursa of Fabricius, and was not found in control avian tissues. 相似文献
16.
The level of α-mannanase in mixed fungal culture of Trichoderma reesei, D1-6, and Aspergillus wentii, Pt 2804, affects the
extracellular activities of cellulase. The endoglucanase component of the cellulase system is a glycoprotein having mannose
and other sugars and sugaramines in its glycan moiety. Its activity is inhibited by α-mannanase. The inactivation of endoglucanase
by α-mannanase can be prevented by galactose. 相似文献
17.
Viral replication is required for induction of ocular immunopathology by herpes simplex virus. 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
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J S Babu J Thomas S Kanangat L A Morrison D M Knipe B T Rouse 《Journal of virology》1996,70(1):101-107
Corneal infection of BALB/c mice with herpes simplex virus type 1 results in a chronic inflammatory response in the stroma termed herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). This disease is considered to be immunopathological and mediated primarily by CD4+ T cells of the type 1 cytokine profile. However, the nature of the antigens, virus or host derived, which drive the inflammatory response remains in doubt. In this study, the relevance of infection with replicating virus for the subsequent development of HSK was evaluated with immunocompetent mice as well as with SCID mice reconstituted with herpes simplex virus-immune CD4+ T cells. In the corneas of immunocompetent mice, infectious virus, viral antigen, and mRNA expression were detectable for only a brief period of time (< or = 7 days postinfection), and all were undetectable by the time clinical lesions were evident (10 to 15 days). Viral replication, however, was necessary for the development of HSK in both models, since infection with UV-inactivated virus or with mutant viruses which were incapable of multiple rounds of replication in vivo failed to induce HSK. The inactivated and mutant viral preparations did, however, stimulate T-cell immune responses in immunocompetent mice. The results are discussed in terms of possible involvement of host antigens exposed in response to transient progeny virion replication in the immune-privileged cornea. 相似文献
18.
Ankur Srivastava Gargi Mishra Kshitij RB Singh Jay Singh Rampal Pandey Mrituanjay D. Pandey 《Luminescence》2023,38(7):1347-1357
Rare earth metals play a conspicuous role in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting cancerous cells. The alkali metal potassium is a neurotransmitter in the sodium–potassium pump in biomedical sciences. This unique property of rare earth metals and potassium drew our attention to carry forward this study. Therefore, in this work, previously synthesized potassium (K) complexes formed by the reflux of 4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid (DBA) and potassium hydroxide in methanol, and named [(μ2–4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoate-κO)(μ2–4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid-κO)(4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid-κO) potassium(I) coordination polymer)] were treated hydrothermally with La2O3 nanomaterials to obtain a nanohybrid La2O3/K-complex. After that, the K-complex was analyzed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the structural and morphological properties of the as-prepared nanostructured La2O3/K-complex were also characterized, which involved an investigation using X-ray diffraction (XRD)spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force spectroscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. After this, the electrochemical redox behaviour of the synthesized nanohybrid material was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Therefore, the results from these studies revealed that the as-prepared material was a La2O3/K-complex that has a promising future role in sensing various analytes, as it showed effective electrocatalytic behaviour. 相似文献
19.
G. Phanendra Babu 《Biological cybernetics》1995,73(4):367-374
Clustering techniques are used to discover structure in data by optimizing a defined criterion function. Most of these methods
assume that the data are stationary, and these techniques are based on gradient descent which converge to a locally optimal
clustering. There are many potential applications that require clustering to be performed in non-stationary temporal environments.
In this paper, we investigate the applicability of a clan-based evolutionary optimization method for clustering data in non-stationary
environments. Due to the stochastic nature of the technique, the problem of becoming entrapped in local optima is avoided,
and the method can converge to (nearly) optimal clusters. Different cases are considered in the experiments, and the results
demonstrate the efficacy of the evolutionary approach for clustering time-varying data.
Received: 7 September 1994/Accepted in revised form: 28 March 1995 相似文献
20.
Summary Glutamate (Glu) the major amino acid in mammalian brain and most dietary proteins possesses neurotransmitter as well as neurotoxic properties. We administered monosodium glutamate (MSG) 4 mg/g bwt, sc on postnatal day (PND) 1 through 10 to rats on alternate days or daily and sacrificed them on PND 45 or PND 90 respectively. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase and aminotransferases were evaluated in the circumventricular organs of brain. Results show that neonatal MSG produces alterations in glutamate metabolism in blood-brain-barrier deficient regions. 相似文献