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61.
62.
The endosperms of Carthamus tinctorius cv. HUS-305, excised at globular to heart-shaped stages of zygotic embryo development, were cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s
medium (MS) supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin, thidiazuron (TDZ), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D) or α-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA). The highest incidence of callusing was on 2,4-D supplemented media. However,
embryos differentiated only from the calli developed on media supplemented with BAP, kinetin or TDZ with the last eliciting
maximum embryogenic response. The addition of a reduced nitrogen source, casein hydrolysate to MS medium supplemented with
BAP and/or NAA, did not stimulate the response. However, adenine sulphate (100 mg dm−3) promoted the induction of somatic embryos. Upon transfer to MS basal medium or the same supplemented with 0.61 μM gibberellic
acid (GA3), plumular poles of few embryos elongated resulting in the development of shoots. 相似文献
63.
An efficient, cyclic, two-step protocol for micropropagation of medicinal tree, Crataeva nurvala has been successfully developed, which can be employed at a commercial scale. Nodal explants from 30-year-old tree when cultured
on MS medium supplemented with 2.22 μM BAP produced multiple shoots, which elongated satisfactorily on the same medium. Nodal
and leaf explants from in vitro regenerated microshoots too developed shoots, thus making the process recurrent. In 6-month
duration, owing to the recurring nature of the protocol, over 5400 shoots could be produced from a single nodal explant from
the adult tree. Addition of casein hydrolysate significantly increased the average number of shoots per explant. Maximum number
of shoots regenerated on medium supplemented with 100 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate. Shoots could be rooted on 1/2 MS supplemented with 0.11 and 0.54 μM NAA. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized
and successfully transplanted to soil. 相似文献
64.
Xanthan gum, a microbial desiccation-resistant polysaccharide prepared commercially by aerobic submerged fermentation from
Xanthomonas campestris, has been successfully used as a solidifying agent for plant tissue culture media. Its suitability as a substitute to agar
was demonstrated for in vitro seed germination, caulogenesis and rhizogenesis of Albizzia lebbeck, androgenesis in anther cultures of Datura innoxia, and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures of Calliandra tweedii. Culture media used for eliciting these morphogenic responses were gelled with either 1% xanthan gum or 0.9% agar. Xanthan
gum, like agar, supported all these responses. 相似文献
65.
The effects of nitric oxide (NO) on caulogenesis, shoot organogenesis and rhizogenesis from hypocotyl explants of Linum usitatissimum were investigated. Exogenously supplied NO donors, 5 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), 2 μM S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and 2 μM 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), significantly promoted shoot differentiation from the
hypocotyl explants of L. usitatissimum excised from its in vitro raised seedlings. Potassium ferrocyanide, a structural analogue of SNP, lacking NO group, did not
promote shoot organogenesis. Likewise, products of NO,
\textNO2 - {\text{NO}}_{2}^{ - } and
\textNO3 - {\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - } supplied as 5 μM NaNO2 and 5 μM NaNO3 did not enhance shoot differentiation. Another source of NO, a mixture of sodium nitrite (SN) provided along with ascorbic
acid (AsA), also caused significant promotion in the average number of shoots per responding explant. SNP also augmented the
rhizogenic response of the microshoots in terms of percentage of responding explants, number of roots per responding explant
and average root length. The NO scavengers, 2-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimideazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO)
or methylene blue (MB), provided along with SNP, SNAP, SIN-1 or SN + AsA, at concentrations equimolar to the optimum concentration
of the donors, reversed the promotory influence, thereby, confirming the role of NO in promotion of in vitro morphogenesis.
However, NO scavengers individually did not affect the observed morphogenic processes. Morphological and histological studies
of hypocotyl segments cultured on BM or BM + SNP for 4, 8 and 12 days demonstrated that SNP enhanced shoot differentiation
by inducing a higher number of shoot primordia, each of which develops into a single shoot. 相似文献
66.
67.
`Isubgol', the mucilaginous husk derived from the seeds of Plantago ovata, was successfully used as a gelling agent in tissue culture media for in vitro seed germination, shoot formation and rooting
in Syzygium cuminii and anther culture in Datura innoxia. For seed germination, Knop's basal medium supplemented with 1% sucrose was employed, whereas for the development of shoots
the epicotyl segments excised from in vitro-developed seedlings were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 4% sucrose
and 1 mg/l 6-benzyladenine. Shoots that developed from the epicotyl segments were rooted on Knop's medium enriched with 2%
sucrose and 1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid. The anthers of D. innoxia excised at the late uninucleate to early binucleate stages of microspore development were cultured on Nitsch's basal medium
containing 2% sucrose. Media were either gelled with 0.9% agar or 3% `Isubgol'. The response on media gelled with `Isubgol'
in each of the cases was similar to that on media solidified with agar.
Received: 9 October 1996 / Revision received: 22 July 1996 / Accepted: 30 July 1997 相似文献
68.
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70.
Prof. Ritchu Babbar Dr. Swikriti Makkar Dr. Deepika Saini Dr. Ravi Rawat Dr. Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz Dr. Faris Q. Alenzi Prof. Tapan Behl 《化学与生物多样性》2023,20(8):e202300379
Designed, synthesized a sequence of novel benzimidazol-1-yl-1-phenylpropanone hybrids and assessed for in vitro antimicrobial potential counter to several bacterial strains. Computational Methodology was carried out for designing of the target molecules and structures were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. Amid the 12 integrated derivatives, (3-(2-((3-fluorobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6g ) and 3-(2-((4-fluorobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6k ) were found to acquire excellent antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), whereas derivative 3-(2-((2-fluorobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6c ), was potent against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and displayed moderate action against P. aeruginosa. Derivatives with NO2 substituent at 3rd and 4th position, 3-(2-((3-nitroobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6h ) and 3-(2-((4-nitroobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6 l ) respectively declared good to moderate results against all bacterial strains. Further, 3-(2-((3-chlorobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6f ) and 3-(2-((4-chlorobenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one ( 6j ) were found to be more competent against both fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger). Serial two-fold dilution method was used for the entire study and standard drugs utilized were ciprofloxacin and clotrimazole. MIC values (μg/ml) of novel synthesized analogs were reported in comparison to standard drugs for antibacterial and antifungal actions. Molecular docking studies showed that designed molecules dynamically bound with effective area of the receptor (DNA gyrase B, Clotrimazole complex of cytochrome P 45046A1) and in vitro results were in accord with in silico studies. 相似文献