Generation and Characterization of a Nanobody Against SARS-CoV

Virologica Sinica - The sudden emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has caused global panic in 2003, and the risk of SARS-CoV outbreak still exists. However, no...     

长白山阔叶红松林和杨桦次生林土壤有机碳氮的协同积累特征

次生演替是森林土壤有机碳、氮库变化的重要驱动因素.本研究以长白山原始阔叶红松林和杨桦次生林为例,通过成对样地途径,研究了森林土壤有机碳、氮的数量分布及其协同积累特征,探讨了次生演替导致的温带森林土壤碳库和碳汇效应变化及其碳氮耦合机制.结果表明: 杨桦次生林比原始阔叶红松林在土壤表层和亚表层(0～20 cm)积累了更多的有机碳和氮,其土壤C/N值也显著低于阔叶红松林;相对于阔叶红松林,杨桦次生林土壤(0～20 cm)有机碳储量平均增加了14.7 t·hm^-2,相当于29.4 g·m^-2·a^-1的土壤碳汇增益.土壤有机碳和全氮在不同林型的不同土层中均表现为极显著正相关,二者具有明显的协同积累特征.与阔叶红松林生态系统相比,相对富氮的杨桦次生林生态系统的上部土层中氮对有机碳的决定系数明显高于阔叶红松林,说明杨桦次生林土壤有机碳的积累在更大程度上依赖含氮有机质积累.在有机质最丰富的表层(0～10 cm),两种林型间轻组有机碳、氮储量无显著差异,但杨桦次生林重组有机碳、氮的含量、储量及分配比例均显著高于阔叶红松林,其中,重组有机碳储量平均增加了8.5 t·hm^-2,表明次生演替过程中土壤有机碳、氮库的增加主要在于矿物质结合态稳定性土壤有机碳、氮库的增容.凋落物分解和稳定性土壤有机质形成中的碳氮耦合机制是次生演替过程中土壤有机碳、氮库变化的重要驱动机制.     

Finding biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis

Despite of several decades of efforts,lung cancer remains one of most deadly diseases,with a 5-year survival rate approximately 15％ worldwide.In China,the situation is even worse.Although there is no o...     

Abundance, marker development and genetic mapping of microsatellites from unigenes in Brassica napus

Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the second most important oil crop in the world after soybean. The repertoire of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for rapeseed is limited and warrants a search for a larger number of polymorphic SSRs for germplasm characterization and breeding applications. In this study, a total of 5,310 SSR-containing unigenes were identified from a set of 46,038 B. napus unigenes with an average density of one SSR every 5.75?kb. A set of 1,000 expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSR markers with repeat length ??18?bp were developed and tested for their ability to detect polymorphism among a panel of six rapeseed varieties. Of these SSR markers, 776 markers detected clear amplification products, and 511 displayed polymorphisms among the six varieties. Of these polymorphic markers, 195 EST-SSR markers, corresponding to 233 loci, were integrated into an existing B. napus linkage map. These EST-SSRs were randomly distributed on the 19 linkage groups of B. napus. Of the mapped loci, 166 showed significant homology to Arabidopsis genes. Based on the homology, 44 conserved syntenic blocks were identified between B. napus and Arabidopsis genomes. Most of the syntenic blocks were consistent with the duplication and rearrangement events identified previously. In addition, we also identified three previously unreported blocks in B. napus. A subset of 40 SSRs was used to assess genetic diversity in a collection of 192 rapeseed accessions. The polymorphism information content of these markers ranged from 0.0357 to 0.6753 with an average value of 0.3373. These results indicated that the EST-SSR markers developed in this study are useful for genetic mapping, molecular marker-assisted selection and comparative genomics.     

Isolation and characterization of two sorbitol transporter gene promoters in micropropagated apple plants (Malus?×?domestica) regulated by drought stress

The role of polyol transporters in stress tolerance in plants have been elucidated by many studies. Sorbitol transporter genes MdSOT3, MdSOT4 and MdSOT5 in apple plants, which are important for sorbitol loading and unloading, are regulated by drought stress. To further confirm the role of sorbitol transporters in stress tolerance, the constructs harboring MdSOT3 and MdSOT5 genes were introduced into wild type Arabidopsis plants (Col-0) and the Arabidopsis transformed with MdSOT3 or MdSOT5 performed higher drought stress tolerance compared to WT. In order to further understand how sorbitol transporters are involved in drought tolerance in apple plants, upstream regions of sorbitol transporter genes were isolated from apple plant source leaves by Anchored PCR from genomic DNA obtained, and then were used to drive expression of the GUS reporter in tobacco plants. The results showed that the longest fragments of MdSOT3 and MdSOT5 promoters induced the highest GUS activity under drought stress conditions. Additionally, fragments of these promoters that contain cis-acting elements known to be involved in stress response also induced GUS activity under drought stress. Taken together, our data suggest that increased MdSOT3 and MdSOT5 activity, through cis-acting elements in the promoters of these genes, play important roles in imparting tolerance to drought in micropropagated apple plants.     

基于乡镇尺度的土地生态安全时空格局评价研究——以博尔塔拉蒙古自治州为例

近年来,国内外学者已做了大量区域土地生态安全评价的研究,但大多针对流域或县级以上行政单元,乡镇尺度的土地生态安全评价研究甚少。因此,选择地处我国西北干旱生态脆弱区的博尔塔拉蒙古自治州为研究区,以"3S"技术和数学统计方法为支撑,结合研究区自然地理特征和社会经济状况,构建博尔塔拉蒙古自治州乡镇级压力-状态-响应(Pressure-StateResponses,P-S-R)土地生态安全评价模型,并对其土地生态安全空间格局特征及成因进行诊断性分析。结果表明:(1)2014年博州土地生态安全较2011年有所恶化,Ⅲ级向Ⅳ级转化的面积最大,高达2555.33 km~2,主要在温泉县境内,其次是Ⅴ级区域向Ⅳ级转化1356.53 km~2,主要发生在精河县的茫丁乡和托托乡;(2)博州大部分乡镇的土地生态安全状况处于Ⅲ级水平,区域生态结构不稳定,亟待调整;(3)博州土地生态安全状况具有明显地域性分布的特征,低值区多集中于博州东部荒漠地区,高值区多集中在博州中部绿洲区域和湖区。研究结果可为乡镇级土地生态安全评价提供参考,为区域生态保护协调推进与乡镇可持续发展提供理论指导。     

GABAA受体在酒精依赖中作用的研究进展

酒精依赖的产生机制是由特定的GABAA受体亚单位介导的,并且能够影响其它GABAA受体亚单位,使其对一定剂量的酒精敏感.此外酒精还可以通过细胞内信号转导途径影响GABA在大脑不同区域及核团单元的表达.焦虑、抗惊厥、镇静催眠、认知功能障碍等由酒精依赖产生的现象或者机制,均与GABA受体的介导有关.这些机制包括酒精对GABAA受体的直接或间接的作用,以及GABA的合成和释放.因此对GABAA受体功能的研究,将有助于人们关注酒精依赖现象及其治疗手段,为寻找酒精依赖治疗药物和治疗酒精中毒的机制的提供新线索.     

Root Growth of Arabidopsis thaliana Is Regulated by Ethylene and Abscisic Acid Signaling Interaction in Response to HrpNEa, a Bacterial Protein of Harpin Group

HrpN_Ea is a harpin protein from Erwinia amylovora, a bacterial pathogen that causes fire blight in rosaceous plants. Treating plants with HrpN_Ea stimulates ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) to induce plant growth and drought tolerance, respectively. Herein, we report that both growth hormones cooperate to mediate the role of HrpN_Ea in promoting root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Root growth is promoted coordinately with elevation in levels of ABA and ethylene subsequent to soaking of germinating seeds of wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis in a solution of HrpN_Ea. However, these responses are arrested by inhibiting WT roots from synthesizing ethylene as well as sensing of ABA and ethylene. The effects of HrpN_Ea on roots are also nullified in ethylene-insensitive etr1-1 and ein5-1 mutants and in the ABA-insensitive mutant abi2-1 of Arabidopsis. These results provide evidence for presence of a relationship between root growth enhancement and signaling by ABA and ethylene in response to HrpN_Ea. Nevertheless, when HrpN_Ea is applied to leaves, ethylene signaling is active in the absence of ABA signaling to promote plant growth. This suggests the presence of a different signaling mechanism in leaves from that in roots. X. Ren and F. Liu contributed equally to this study and are regarded as joint first authors