Response of terrestrial carbon uptake to climate interannual variability in China

The interest in national terrestrial ecosystem carbon budgets has been increasing because the Kyoto Protocol has included some terrestrial carbon sinks in a legally binding framework for controlling greenhouse gases emissions. Accurate quantification of the terrestrial carbon sink must account the interannual variations associated with climate variability and change. This study used a process‐based biogeochemical model and a remote sensing‐based production efficiency model to estimate the variations in net primary production (NPP), soil heterotrophic respiration (HR), and net ecosystem production (NEP) caused by climate variability and atmospheric CO₂ increases in China during the period 1981–2000. The results show that China's terrestrial NPP varied between 2.86 and 3.37 Gt C yr^?1 with a growth rate of 0.32% year^?1 and HR varied between 2.89 and 3.21 Gt C yr^?1 with a growth rate of 0.40% year^?1 in the period 1981–1998. Whereas the increases in HR were related mainly to warming, the increases in NPP were attributed to increases in precipitation and atmospheric CO₂. Net ecosystem production (NEP) varied between ?0.32 and 0.25 Gt C yr^?1 with a mean value of 0.07 Gt C yr^?1, leading to carbon accumulation of 0.79 Gt in vegetation and 0.43 Gt in soils during the period. To the interannual variations in NEP changes in NPP contributed more than HR in arid northern China but less in moist southern China. NEP had no a statistically significant trend, but the mean annual NEP for the 1990s was lower than for the 1980s as the increases in NEP in southern China were offset by the decreases in northern China. These estimates indicate that China's terrestrial ecosystems were taking up carbon but the capacity was undermined by the ongoing climate change. The estimated NEP related to climate variation and atmospheric CO₂ increases may account for from 40 to 80% to the total terrestrial carbon sink in China.     

LINCS——面向转化医学的细胞反应大数据计划

正近十几年来,基因芯片、转录组测序、蛋白质组等技术的发展是极大地推动了生物医学研究的重要手段.通过基因和蛋白质表达谱分析可以发现疾病发生与发展的关键分子、辅助辨识诊断标志物和药物治疗靶标.然而,传统的组学分析主要关注显著差异表达基因,由于噪声的影响,差异表达分析往往带来较多的假阳性.近年来,基因表达谱关联图谱分析逐渐成为基因表达谱分析的另一重要途径.基因表达谱关联图     

肿瘤坏死因子α在大鼠肝肺综合征发病机制研究

目的:探讨TNF-α在大鼠肝肺综合征形成中的作用与机制.方法:采取胆总管结扎方法建立肝肺综合征模型,随机将45只大鼠分为对照组(非手术组)、模型组(胆总管结扎组)和实验组(胆总管结扎+抗TNF-α单克隆抗体组),每组15只,实验组于术后3周、4周、5周、6周分别给予腹腔注射抗TNF-α单克隆抗体;术后4周、5周、6周、...     

研究报告: 基于核酸适配体的胶体金比色法检测鳗弧菌

目的 鳗弧菌（Vibrio anguillarum）可引起鲑鱼、鳗鲡、鲈鱼和牙鲆等多种水产养殖动物的疾病，是水产养殖中的一种重要病原菌，对其进行快速检测是确保水产养殖安全和食品安全所必需的。方法 本文利用鳗弧菌与其核酸适配体之间较强的亲和力，通过鳗弧菌夺取胶体金颗粒表面的核酸适配体，使胶体金溶液的吸光度发生变化，从而建立一种可定量检测鳗弧菌的方法。结果 该方法对鳗弧菌的吸光度值显著高于对溶藻弧菌、铜绿假单胞菌、变形假单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌和迟钝爱德华氏菌等非目标菌的吸光度值（P<0.01），并在1~10⁵ CFU/ml的检测范围内呈现较好的线性关系。用该方法对不同盐度和鱼体组织样品进行加标回收检测，结果显示回收率和相对标准偏差等指标都符合相应检测标准。结论 该检测方法对鳗弧菌有较好的特异性，可用于水产品或食品中鳗弧菌的定量检测。     

In situPCR on Plant Material with Sub-cellular Resolution

In situPCR and reverse transcribedin situPCR have been testedon leaves of sugar cane fixed in FAA, 4% PFA or 2% PFA+2.5%GA.In situPCR amplification of the gene coding for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) was successfully performed followingall three fixation protocols. As expected the PCR product wasrestricted to the plastids of all cells. Reverse transcribedinsituPCR was performed onrbcL mRNA and in this case the PCR productwas restricted to the plastids of the bundle sheath cells. Thisis the first report ofin situPCR on plant material and onlythe second report ofin situPCR with sub-cellular resolution.InsituPCR onrbcL may prove to be a valuable positive control forfuturein situPCR studies on plant material.Copyright 1997 Annalsof Botany Company In situPCR; reversed transcribedin situPCR; rbcL; C₄-plants     

Morphological variation in Gyrinus sericeolimbatus Rég. in New Guinea and description of a new Gyrinus species (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)

Abstract. Samples of Gyrinus sericeolimbatus from twenty-six localities in New Guinea vary greatly in metric body characters as well as in elytral reticulation patterns. The variation is smaller within than between populations. Although the characters of adjacent populations are usually similar, certain proximate populations exhibit significant differences, probably resulting from some kind of dispersal barrier. Similarities between populations at comparable latitudes suggest that some of the morphological variation is altitude-related. In addition, evidence is found for habitat-related morphological differentiation. Changes in phenotypes in response to possible environmental factors in ontogeny and constraints imposed by various selection pressures are discussed.
A new species, G.brincki sp.n., from western New Guinea is described.