全文获取类型
收费全文 | 692篇 |
免费 | 45篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 65篇 |
2011年 | 103篇 |
2010年 | 75篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 21篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有740条查询结果,搜索用时 406 毫秒
61.
Huntemann M Lu M Nolan M Lapidus A Lucas S Hammon N Deshpande S Cheng JF Tapia R Han C Goodwin L Pitluck S Liolios K Pagani I Ivanova N Ovchinikova G Pati A Chen A Palaniappan K Land M Hauser L Jeffries CD Detter JC Brambilla EM Rohde M Spring S Göker M Woyke T Bristow J Eisen JA Markowitz V Hugenholtz P Kyrpides NC Klenk HP Mavromatis K 《Standards in genomic sciences》2011,4(3):303-311
Hippea maritima (Miroshnichenko et al. 1999) is the type species of the genus Hippea, which belongs to the family Desulfurellaceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria. The anaerobic, moderately thermophilic marine sulfur-reducer was first isolated from shallow-water hot vents in Matipur Harbor, Papua New Guinea. H. maritima was of interest for genome sequencing because of its isolated phylogenetic location, as a distant next neighbor of the genus Desulfurella. Strain MH(2) (T) is the first type strain from the order Desulfurellales with a completely sequenced genome. The 1,694,430 bp long linear genome with its 1,723 protein-coding and 57 RNA genes consists of one circular chromosome and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. 相似文献
62.
Lang E Teshima H Lucas S Lapidus A Hammon N Deshpande S Nolan M Cheng JF Pitluck S Liolios K Pagani I Mikhailova N Ivanova N Mavromatis K Pati A Tapia R Han C Goodwin L Chen A Palaniappan K Land M Hauser L Chang YJ Jeffries CD Brambilla EM Kopitz M Rohde M Göker M Tindall BJ Detter JC Woyke T Bristow J Eisen JA Markowitz V Hugenholtz P Klenk HP Kyrpides NC 《Standards in genomic sciences》2011,4(1):81-90
63.
Pati A Zhang X Lapidus A Nolan M Lucas S Del Rio TG Tice H Cheng JF Tapia R Han C Goodwin L Pitluck S Liolios K Pagani I Ivanova N Mavromatis K Chen A Palaniappan K Hauser L Jeffries CD Brambilla EM Röhl A Mwirichia R Rohde M Tindall BJ Sikorski J Wirth R Göker M Woyke T Detter JC Bristow J Eisen JA Markowitz V Hugenholtz P Kyrpides NC Klenk HP Land M 《Standards in genomic sciences》2011,4(2):210-220
Oceanithermus profundus Miroshnichenko et al. 2003 is the type species of the genus Oceanithermus, which belongs to the family Thermaceae. The genus currently comprises two species whose members are thermophilic and are able to reduce sulfur compounds and nitrite. The organism is adapted to the salinity of sea water, is able to utilize a broad range of carbohydrates, some proteinaceous substrates, organic acids and alcohols. This is the first completed genome sequence of a member of the genus Oceanithermus and the fourth sequence from the family Thermaceae. The 2,439,291 bp long genome with its 2,391 protein-coding and 54 RNA genes consists of one chromosome and a 135,351 bp long plasmid, and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. 相似文献
64.
Kasperavičiūtė D Catarino CB Chinthapalli K Clayton LM Thom M Martinian L Cohen H Adalat S Bockenhauer D Pope SA Lench N Koltzenburg M Duncan JS Hammond P Hennekam RC Land JM Sisodiya SM 《PloS one》2011,6(8):e23182
Background
Patients with epilepsy often suffer from other important conditions. The existence of such co-morbidities is frequently not recognized and their relationship with epilepsy usually remains unexplained.Methodology/Principal Findings
We describe three patients with common, sporadic, non-syndromic epilepsies in whom large genomic microdeletions were found during a study of genetic susceptibility to epilepsy. We performed detailed gene-driven clinical investigations in each patient. Disruption of the function of genes in the deleted regions can explain co-morbidities in these patients.Conclusions/Significance
Co-morbidities in patients with epilepsy can be part of a genomic abnormality even in the absence of (known) congenital malformations or intellectual disabilities. Gene-driven phenotype examination can also reveal clinically significant unsuspected condition. 相似文献65.
Context
The treatment for transsexualism is sex reassignment, including hormonal treatment and surgery aimed at making the person''s body as congruent with the opposite sex as possible. There is a dearth of long term, follow-up studies after sex reassignment.Objective
To estimate mortality, morbidity, and criminal rate after surgical sex reassignment of transsexual persons.Design
A population-based matched cohort study.Setting
Sweden, 1973-2003.Participants
All 324 sex-reassigned persons (191 male-to-females, 133 female-to-males) in Sweden, 1973–2003. Random population controls (10∶1) were matched by birth year and birth sex or reassigned (final) sex, respectively.Main Outcome Measures
Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality and psychiatric morbidity were obtained with Cox regression models, which were adjusted for immigrant status and psychiatric morbidity prior to sex reassignment (adjusted HR [aHR]).Results
The overall mortality for sex-reassigned persons was higher during follow-up (aHR 2.8; 95% CI 1.8–4.3) than for controls of the same birth sex, particularly death from suicide (aHR 19.1; 95% CI 5.8–62.9). Sex-reassigned persons also had an increased risk for suicide attempts (aHR 4.9; 95% CI 2.9–8.5) and psychiatric inpatient care (aHR 2.8; 95% CI 2.0–3.9). Comparisons with controls matched on reassigned sex yielded similar results. Female-to-males, but not male-to-females, had a higher risk for criminal convictions than their respective birth sex controls.Conclusions
Persons with transsexualism, after sex reassignment, have considerably higher risks for mortality, suicidal behaviour, and psychiatric morbidity than the general population. Our findings suggest that sex reassignment, although alleviating gender dysphoria, may not suffice as treatment for transsexualism, and should inspire improved psychiatric and somatic care after sex reassignment for this patient group. 相似文献66.
Rózanowska M Cantrell A Edge R Land EJ Sarna T Truscott TG 《Free radical biology & medicine》2005,39(10):1399-1405
Vitamin A (retinol) and its derivatives-retinal and retinoic acid-are known for their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant actions of retinoids have been attributed to chain-breaking by scavenging of peroxyl radicals. Based on chemical analysis of retinoic acid degradation products formed during microsomal lipid peroxidation, it was previously suggested that retinoids interact with peroxyl radicals forming free carbon-centered radical adducts. However, it can be argued that such a mode of antioxidant action of retinoids is not sufficient to fully explain their effectiveness at inhibiting lipid peroxidation, which in many systems is comparable to, or even exceeds, that of alpha-tocopherol. In order to elucidate the mechanism of interaction of retinoids with peroxyl radicals, (trichloromethyl)peroxyl radical was generated by pulse radiolysis, and its interactions with retinoids solubilized in Triton X-100 micelles were followed by kinetic absorption spectroscopy. All retinoids--retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid--interacted with the peroxyl radical, and at least two transient products were detected. One of these products, absorbing at 590 nm, was identified as retinoid cation radical. Therefore, we postulate that, apart from formation of radical adducts, retinoids may also scavenge peroxyl radicals by electron transfer. 相似文献
67.
68.
69.
Hemme CL Mouttaki H Lee YJ Zhang G Goodwin L Lucas S Copeland A Lapidus A Glavina del Rio T Tice H Saunders E Brettin T Detter JC Han CS Pitluck S Land ML Hauser LJ Kyrpides N Mikhailova N He Z Wu L Van Nostrand JD Henrissat B He Q Lawson PA Tanner RS Lynd LR Wiegel J Fields MW Arkin AP Schadt CW Stevenson BS McInerney MJ Yang Y Dong H Xing D Ren N Wang A Huhnke RL Mielenz JR Ding SY Himmel ME Taghavi S van der Lelie D Rubin EM Zhou J 《Journal of bacteriology》2010,192(24):6494-6496
Modern methods to develop microbe-based biomass conversion processes require a system-level understanding of the microbes involved. Clostridium species have long been recognized as ideal candidates for processes involving biomass conversion and production of various biofuels and other industrial products. To expand the knowledge base for clostridial species relevant to current biofuel production efforts, we have sequenced the genomes of 20 species spanning multiple genera. The majority of species sequenced fall within the class III cellulosome-encoding Clostridium and the class V saccharolytic Thermoanaerobacteraceae. Species were chosen based on representation in the experimental literature as model organisms, ability to degrade cellulosic biomass either by free enzymes or by cellulosomes, ability to rapidly ferment hexose and pentose sugars to ethanol, and ability to ferment synthesis gas to ethanol. The sequenced strains significantly increase the number of noncommensal/nonpathogenic clostridial species and provide a key foundation for future studies of biomass conversion, cellulosome composition, and clostridial systems biology. 相似文献
70.
Borovansky J Edge R Land EJ Navaratnam S Pavel S Ramsden CA Riley PA Smit NP 《Pigment cell research / sponsored by the European Society for Pigment Cell Research and the International Pigment Cell Society》2006,19(2):170-178
The influence of side-chain structure on the mode of reaction of ortho-quinone amines has been investigated with a view, ultimately, to developing potential methods of therapeutic intervention by manipulating the early stages of melanogenesis. Four N-substituted dopamine derivatives have been prepared and quinone formation studied using pulse radiolysis and tyrosinase-oximetry. Ortho-quinones with an amide or urea side chain were relatively stable, although evidence for slow formation of isomeric para-quinomethanes was observed. A thiourea derivative cyclized fairly rapidly (k = 1.7/s) to a product containing a seven-membered ring, whereas a related amidine gave more rapidly (k approximately 2.5 x 10(2)/s) a stable spirocyclic product. The results suggest that cyclization of amides, ureas and carbamates (NHCO-X; X = R, NHR or OR) does not occur and is not, therefore, a viable approach to the formation of tyrosinase-activated antimelanoma prodrugs. It is also concluded that for N-acetyldopamine spontaneous ortho-quinone to para-quinomethane isomerization is slow. 相似文献