P16/Ki-67细胞学双染在TCT诊断为非典型鳞状细胞意义不明确(ASC-US)中的分流作用研究

目的:分析P16/Ki-67双染在TCT(Thinprep cytologic test)诊断为非典型鳞状细胞,意义不明确(Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance,ASC-US)的患者分流中的作用。方法:选取2016年9月-2018年9月在我院经宫颈液基细胞学检查诊断为ASC-US的434例女性患者为研究对象,采用P16/Ki-67双染、高危型HPV(High-Risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)检测,对比二者与宫颈组织学活检结果的相关性,并分析二者在ASC-US患者分流中的作用。结果:P16/Ki-67细胞学双染法的敏感性为78.2%,特异性为79.2%,HR-HPV法的敏感性为33.5%,特异性为62.3%。P16/Ki-67细胞学双染法在年轻组患者中检出高级别鳞状上皮内病变(high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion,HSIL)及以上病变的敏感性为94.5%,特异性为85.7%;在年长组患者中敏感性为44.4%,特异性为74.3%。结论:P16/Ki-67细胞学双染作为一种临床应用简单、患者易于接受、价格相对低廉的生物学标志物,为宫颈癌的早期筛查提供了新的选择。同时,对于年轻患者,P16/Ki-67双染用于ASC-US的分流比HR-HPV检测具有更高的临床应用价值。     

极严重少弱精症患者的新鲜周期移植中卵裂球数目对妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨极严重少弱精症患者的新鲜周期移植中卵裂球数目对妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析392个新鲜胚胎移植周期,这些胚胎根据移植天数分为第二天移植(Day2)组68周期和第三天移植(Day3)组324周期,其中Day2组根据卵裂球数分为3个(A组,3周期),3～5个(B组,57周期),5个(C组,8周期),Day3组根据卵裂球数分为7个(D组,33周期),7～9个(E组,242周期),9个(F组,49周期)。每个组又根据胚胎评级分为三个亚组,亚组1均为移植1～2级的胚胎(A1～F1),亚组2均为移植3～4级的胚胎(A2～F2),亚组3为一个1～2级和一个3～4级移植胚胎(A3～F3)。综合比较各组和相应亚组之间的种植率,临床妊娠率,流产率及活产率的差别。结果:①在day2组中,ABC三组的胚胎种植率,临床妊娠率,流产率及活产率均无统计学差异(P0.05)。在Day3组中,E组的胚胎种植率,临床妊娠率及活产率均高于D组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。而D组和F组及E组和F组之间差异均无统计学意义。②在相同卵裂球数组中,不同的胚胎分级各亚组之间(如B1,B2,B3间)的胚胎种植率,临床妊娠率,流产率及活产率均无统计学差异。不同卵裂球数其相应的同一亚组之间(A1,B1,C1等)上述妊娠结局指标无统计学差异。结论:严重少弱精形成的胚胎优先推荐第二天卵裂球数为3～5个及第三天卵裂球数为7～9个的优质胚胎进行移植。     

经皮RTS钉固定与常规椎弓根固定在胸腰段压缩骨折中的疗效比较

目的:分析和比较使用经皮RTS钉固定与常规椎弓根固定在胸腰段骨折中的临床疗效和安全性。方法:对2017年6月至2018年6月在我院住院,经诊断为胸腰段骨折,且经纳入及排除标准筛选后的共计74例患者进行回顾性分析。根据不同的手术方式和选择,将纳入的患者分为经皮RTS钉固定组(观察组;40例)和常规椎弓根螺钉固定组(对照组;34例)。在术后的3天,1月及1年比较两组患者的疼痛评分及功能评分;并通过其影像学指标(伤椎高度恢复,cobb角恢复等)比较两组的影像学疗效;比较两组患者的手术时间,出血量,切口长度等手术指标;比较两组患者的并发症等情况。结果:在术后3天时,观察组患者的VAS评分显著优于对照组(P0.05),而在术后1月及1年时,两组患者未见显著差异(P0.05)。两组患者的Cobb角及前缘高度百分比较术前均有显著改善(P0.05),且两组间均有显著差异(P0.05)。两组患者在手术时间,切口长度,透视次数,出血量,出院时间等均有显著差异(P0.05)。两组患者在并发症的比较中并无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:与常规的开放椎弓根螺钉固定相比,对于胸腰椎压缩骨折,RTS螺钉能够有效的恢复影像学指标,特别是在前缘高度及Cobb角恢复,并且能够有效地减少创伤及出血,加快功能恢复,在临床中可以进一步推广。     

昆虫病原线虫对草原毛虫幼虫的致病力

草原毛虫Gynaephora alpherakii是青藏高原草原的主要害虫。国家明令禁止使用化学药剂防控这一害虫。因此,有必要以生物农药控制这种害虫。本试验室内测定5种昆虫病原线虫（Steinernema longicaudum X-7,S. carpocapsae All,S. feltiae SN,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06和H. indica LN2）对草原毛虫的致病力。结果表明,S. carpocapsae All、S. feltiae SN两种线虫对草原毛虫的侵染效果较好。适宜S. carpocapsae All、S. feltiae SN线虫的侵染活动的环境温度为25℃;低温环境下两种线虫随着剂量的提高,对草原毛虫的致病力均有着显著地增长（P<0.05）,且S. feltiae SN线虫的活性高于S. carpocapsae All线虫。因此,昆虫病原线虫S. feltiae SN品系具有效防治青藏高原高寒草地草原毛虫的应用潜力。     

养殖条件下山女鳟银化体色个体生产性状

以山女鳟(Oncorhynchus masou masou)群体中出现的银化体色个体为研究对象,系统研究了在人工养殖条件下银化体色个体在群体中所占比率、银化体色个体与正常体色个体的体色差异,以及银化体色个体生长性状等.结果表明:①群体中不同家系间银化体色个体所占比率在O～0.21范围内,采用3×2列联表法进行卡方检验,...     

Molecular characterization of the translocation breakpoints in the Down syndrome mouse model Ts65Dn

Ts65Dn is a mouse model of Down syndrome: a syndrome that results from chromosome (Chr) 21 trisomy and is associated with congenital defects, cognitive impairment, and ultimately Alzheimer's disease. Ts65Dn mice have segmental trisomy for distal mouse Chr 16, a region sharing conserved synteny with human Chr 21. As a result, this strain harbors three copies of over half of the human Chr 21 orthologs. The trisomic segment of Chr 16 is present as a translocation chromosome (Mmu17(16)), with breakpoints that have not been defined previously. To molecularly characterize the Chrs 16 and 17 breakpoints on the translocation chromosome in Ts65Dn mice, we used a selective enrichment and high-throughput paired-end sequencing approach. Analysis of paired-end reads flanking the Chr 16, Chr 17 junction on Mmu17(16) and de novo assembly of the reads directly spanning the junction provided the precise locations of the Chrs 16 and 17 breakpoints at 84,351,351 and 9,426,822?bp, respectively. These data provide the basis for low-cost, highly efficient genotyping of Ts65Dn mice. More importantly, these data provide, for the first time, complete characterization of gene dosage in Ts65Dn mice.     

Remediation of oil-based drill cuttings through a biosurfactant-based washing followed by a biodegradation treatment

In this study, oil-based drill cuttings were washed by a rhamnolipid solution and then subjected to bioremediation in stainless steel boxes using sawdust as bulking agent. A mixed bacterial culture, mainly containing Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Agrobacterium, and Comamonas, was used as inoculums. Approximately 83% of organics were removed after washing under optimal conditions (liquid/solid ratio, 3:1; washing time, 20 min; stirring speed, 200 rpm; rhamnolipid concentration, 360 mg/L; temperature, 60 °C), and the total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration of the cuttings dropped from 85,000 to 12,600 mg/kg. In the bioremediation stage, concentrations of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons decreased to 2140 and 1290 mg/kg, respectively, after 120 days. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry demonstrated that oxygen- and nitrogen-containing compounds had undergone biodegradation. The results of this study indicate that this two-stage remedial system can reduce treatment time and increase treatment efficiency as compared with a single bioremediation or washing treatment.     

Quantitative trait loci for rice yield-related traits using recombinant inbred lines derived from two diverse cultivars

The thousand-grain weight and spikelets per panicle directly contribute to rice yield. Heading date and plant height also greatly influence the yield. Dissection of genetic bases of yield-related traits would provide tools for yield improvement. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for spikelets per panicle, thousand-grain weight, heading date and plant height was performed using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two diverse cultivars, Nanyangzhan and Chuan7. In total, 20 QTLs were identified for four traits. They were located to 11 chromosomes except on chromosome 4. Seven and five QTLs were detected for thousand-grain weight and spikelets per panicle, respectively. Four QTLs were identified for both heading date and plant height. About half the QTLs were commonly detected in both years, 2006 and 2007. Six QTLs are being reported for the first time. Two QTL clusters were identified in regions flanked by RM22065 and RM5720 on chromosome 7 and by RM502 and RM264 on chromosome 8, respectively. The parent, Nanyangzhan with heavy thousand-grain weight, carried alleles with increased effects on all seven thousand-grain weight QTL, which explained why there was no transgressive segregation for thousand-grain weight in the population. In contrast, Chuan7 with more spikelets per panicle carried positive alleles at all five spikelets per panicle QTL except qspp5. Further work on distinction between pleiotropic QTL and linked QTL is needed in two yield-related QTL clusters.     

糖、脂代谢及氧化应激与糖尿病肾病的相关性

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病的主要并发症之一。近年来,糖尿病肾病的发病率呈逐渐上升趋势。研究发现,糖、脂代谢与糖尿病肾病的发生密切相关,而氧化应激也在糖、脂代谢异常中起重要作用。本文综述了有关糖、脂代谢与糖尿病肾病相关性研究,以及硫氧还蛋白及硫氧还蛋白结合蛋白2在糖尿病肾病发生中的作用。