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排序方式: 共有294条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
261.
Duan Chen Julie M. Roda Clay B. Marsh Timothy D. Eubank Avner Friedman 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》2012,74(11):2752-2777
Under hypoxia, tumor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages produce VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), a signaling molecule that induces angiogenesis. The same macrophages, when treated with GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor), produce sVEGFR-1 (soluble VEGF receptor-1), a soluble protein that binds with VEGF and inactivates its function. The production of VEGF by macrophages is regulated by HIF-1α (hypoxia inducible factor-1α), and the production of sVEGFR-1 is mediated by HIF-2α. Recent experiments measured the effect of inhibiting tumor growth by GM-CSF treatment in mice with HIF-1α-deficient or HIF-2α-deficient macrophages. In the present paper, we represent these experiments by a mathematical model based on a system of partial differential equations. We show that the model simulations agree with the above experiments. The model can then be used to suggest strategies for inhibiting tumor growth. For example, the model qualitatively predicts the extent to which GM-CSF treatment in combination with a small molecule inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-2α will reduce tumor volume and angiogenesis. 相似文献
262.
Avner ED McDonough AA Sweeney WE 《American journal of physiology. Cell physiology》2012,302(10):C1434-C1435
263.
Greenbaum JA Andersen PH Blythe M Bui HH Cachau RE Crowe J Davies M Kolaskar AS Lund O Morrison S Mumey B Ofran Y Pellequer JL Pinilla C Ponomarenko JV Raghava GP van Regenmortel MH Roggen EL Sette A Schlessinger A Sollner J Zand M Peters B 《Journal of molecular recognition : JMR》2007,20(2):75-82
A B-cell epitope is the three-dimensional structure within an antigen that can be bound to the variable region of an antibody. The prediction of B-cell epitopes is highly desirable for various immunological applications, but has presented a set of unique challenges to the bioinformatics and immunology communities. Improving the accuracy of B-cell epitope prediction methods depends on a community consensus on the data and metrics utilized to develop and evaluate such tools. A workshop, sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), was recently held in Washington, DC to discuss the current state of the B-cell epitope prediction field. Many of the currently available tools were surveyed and a set of recommendations was devised to facilitate improvements in the currently existing tools and to expedite future tool development. An underlying theme of the recommendations put forth by the panel is increased collaboration among research groups. By developing common datasets, standardized data formats, and the means with which to consolidate information, we hope to greatly enhance the development of B-cell epitope prediction tools. 相似文献
264.
265.
Joëlle Morin Christian Boitard David Vallois Philip Avner Ute Christine Rogner 《Mammalian genome》2006,17(11):1105-1112
In the nonobese diabetes mouse, the murine type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus Idd20 interacts genetically with the diabetes resistance locus Idd19. Both Idds are located on distal mouse Chromosome 6, and previous studies on NOD.C3H congenic strains have shown that C3H alleles at
Idd20 can suppress the disease-promoting effects of C3H alleles at Idd19 in both spontaneous and cyclophosphamide-induced diabetes. In this article we present the construction of novel congenic
strains which, while maintaining the C3H alleles at Idd19, have allowed the candidate interval of Idd20 to be reduced from 4 to 1.8 cM. The analysis of these strains shows that Idd20 controls the progression of insulitis. Idd20 also increases the suppressive but not the pathogenic activity of splenocytes in diabetes transfer experiments. Our results
suggest that the two Chromosome 6 susceptibility loci, Idd6 and Idd20, interact with the resistance locus Idd19 by regulating the activity of suppressor cells in the peripheral immune system. 相似文献
266.
1. Introgression into natural salmonid populations from stocked conspecifics has been widely studied. Outcomes vary from no effect even after decades of stocking, to population replacement after only a couple of generations. Potential introgression caused by semi‐supportive breeding (i.e. using a mixture of local strains as brood stock) is, however, less well studied. 2. We investigated population structure of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a regulated alpine lake with three natural, environmentally contrasting tributaries used as spawning and rearing habitat. Massive semi‐supportive breeding of admixed local strains has been implemented for decades. Stocked trout represented c. 17% of the total lake population, and a substantial post‐release survival reflects a considerable potential for introgression. However, the mark‐recapture studies indicate no spawning runs of stocked fish. 3. Using 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci, we found natural straying and non‐native reproduction, especially among wild populations inhabiting environmentally unstable habitat. Retained genetic structure across tributaries indicated low reproductive success of wild‐born non‐natives. Moreover, the genetic structure among tributaries has probably not been influenced by semi‐supportive breeding, because of recruitment failure of stocked trout. 相似文献
267.
Bassidy Dembele Avner Friedman Abdul-Aziz Yakubu 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》2010,72(4):914-930
In this paper, we introduce a deterministic malaria model for determining the drug administration protocol that leads to the
smallest first malaria episodes during the wet season. To explore the effects of administering the malaria drug on different
days during the wet season while minimizing the potential harmful effects of drug overdose, we define 40 drug administration
protocols. Our results fit well with the clinical studies of Coulibaly et al. at a site in Mali. In addition, we provide protocols
that lead to smaller number of first malaria episodes during the wet season than the protocol of Coulibaly et al. 相似文献
268.
Xiaoping Liu Parthasarathy Srinivasan Eric Collard Paula Grajdeanu Kevin Lok Sarah E. Boyle Avner Friedman Jay L. Zweier 《Free radical biology & medicine》2010,48(4):554-559
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is critical in maintaining vascular tone. Accumulating evidence shows that NO bioavailability is regulated by oxygen concentration. However, it is unclear to what extent the oxygen concentration regulates NO bioavailability in the vascular wall. In this study, a recently developed experimental setup was used to measure the NO diffusion flux across the aortic wall at various oxygen concentrations. It was observed that for a constant NO concentration at the endothelial surface, the measured NO diffusion flux out of the adventitial surface at [O2] = 0 μM is around fivefold greater than at [O2] = 150 μM, indicating that NO is consumed in the aortic wall in an oxygen-dependent manner. Analysis of experimental data shows that the rate of NO consumption in the aortic wall is first order with respect to [NO] and first order with respect to [O2], and the rate constant k1 was determined as (4.0 ± 0.3) × 103 M?1 s?1. Computer simulations demonstrate that NO concentration distribution significantly changes with oxygen concentration and the effective NO diffusion distance at low oxygen level ([O2] ≤ 25 μM) is significantly longer than that at high oxygen level ([O2] = 200 μM). These results suggest that oxygen-dependent NO consumption may play an important role in dilating blood vessels during hypoxia by increasing the effective NO diffusion distance. 相似文献
269.
270.