Anorectal volume–pressure relations,contraction work,and flow during defecation

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - Fecobionics is an integrated device that has shown promise for assessment of anorectal function. We used a wireless Fecobionics prototype to visualize...     

The Role of Oxidative Stress,Renal Inflammation,and Apoptosis in Post Ischemic Reperfusion Injury of Kidney Tissue: the Protective Effect of Dose-Dependent Boric Acid Administration

Biological Trace Element Research - Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with a strong inflammatory and oxidative stress response to hypoxia and reperfusion that impair organ function....     

Evidence for the involvement of oxygen free radicals in the ethanol-induced late cellular injury in mouse myeloma cells.

In this study, we analysed the ethanol-induced long term cell injury on a general cell model (Sp2/0-Ag14 cell line). Cells were incubated in 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of ethanol (EtOH) for 5 min. After washing cell viability was tested by the Trypan Blue exclusion test in 5, 60 min, 4 and 24 h after EtOH exposure. Free radicals were monitored every 30 min by electron spin resonance (ESR) with alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) spin trapping technique. Scavenger compounds such as glutathione (GSH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) were applied for 24 h incubation after EtOH exposure. EtOH concentration dependently decreased the cell viability immediately after 5 min exposure, but with 4 and 24 h, a secondary cell destruction was found. Using ESR-spin trapping technique, an increased free radical activity could be detected. DMPO, DMSO and GSH significantly, but in different period protected the cells against free-radical induced cellular damage. EtOH produces an early (immediately after EtOH exposure) and a late (in about 4 h) cellular damage on Sp2/0-Ag14 cells. The oxygen free radicals can be detected in a short time after EtOH exposure, its biological effect manifested as a secondary cell destruction at 4 and 24 h. This phenomenon can be prevented by scavenger compounds.     

Effects of temperature and salinity on embryonic development of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) from the North Sea, and comparisons with Baltic populations

Optimum temperature and salinity conditions for viable hatch were studied for turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) from the North Sea. Temperatures ranging from 6 to 22°C and salinities from 5 to 35‰ were used. Optimum conditions were observed to be between 12 and 18°C at salinities between 20 and 35‰. This contrasted with corresponding data for turbot from the southern Baltic proper, according to which survival sharply decreased in temperatures below 14°C and was high in salinities of 10 to 15‰. Thus, it is concluded that Baltic and Atlantic turbot should be considered as different races.     

Optimization of physicochemical parameters for gallic acid production by evolutionary operation-factorial design technique

The interaction effects of five variable parameters on gallic acid yield by the application of Evolutionary Operation (EVOP)-factorial design technique is presented in this paper. The methodology combines the advantage of factorial techniques for designing experiments with five parameters and that of EVOP methodology for the systematic analysis of experimental results. It facilitates the selection of optimum conditions or directs the changes desired for individual parameters for the designing of subsequent experiments. Decision were taken according to the decision-making procedure available in the literature. Standard deviation and error limits based on 95% confidence were also calculated according to the relationship given in literature. The best combinations of the physicochemical parameters at optimal levels of 32 °C, 93% relative humidity, 4.5 pH, 72 h incubation period, 20 g substrate weight and 0.4:1 solid–liquid ratio resulted in gallic acid yield of 90.9% under modified solid-state fermentation (MSSF).