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941.
Ruth Rincon-Heredia David Flores-Benitez Catalina Flores-Maldonado José Bonilla-Delgado Vicky García-Hernández Odette Verdejo-Torres Aida M. Castillo Isabel Larré Augusto C. Poot-Hernández Martha Franco Patricio Gariglio José L. Reyes Rubén G. Contreras 《Experimental cell research》2014
In addition to being a very well-known ion pump, Na+, K+-ATPase is a cell–cell adhesion molecule and the receptor of digitalis, which transduces regulatory signals for cell adhesion, growth, apoptosis, motility and differentiation. Prolonged ouabain (OUA) blockage of activity of Na+, K+-ATPase leads to cell detachment from one another and from substrates. Here, we investigated the cellular mechanisms involved in tight junction (TJ) disassembly upon exposure to toxic levels of OUA (≥300 nM) in epithelial renal canine cells (MDCK). OUA induces a progressive decrease in the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER); inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, PD153035), cSrc (SU6656 and PP2) and ERK1/2 kinases (PD98059) delay this decrease. We have determined that the TER decrease depends upon internalization and degradation of the TJs proteins claudin (CLDN) 2, CLDN-4, occludin (OCLN) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). OUA-induced degradation of proteins is either sensitive (CLDN-4, OCLN and ZO-1) or insensitive (CLDN-2) to ERK1/2 inhibition. In agreement with the protein degradation findings, OUA decreases the cellular content of ZO-1 and CLDN-2 mRNAs but surprisingly, increases the mRNA of CLDN-4 and OCLN. Changes in the mRNA levels are sensitive (CLDN-4, OCLN and ZO-1) or insensitive (CLDN-2) to ERK1/2 inhibition as well. Thus, toxic levels of OUA activate the EGFR-cSrc-ERK1/2 pathway to induce endocytosis, internalization and degradation of TJ proteins. We also observed decreases in the levels of CLDN-2 protein and mRNA, which were independent of the EGFR-cSrc-ERK1/2 pathway. 相似文献
942.
Diego Baldo Florencia Vera Candioti Belén Haad Francisco Kolenc Claudio Borteiro Martín O. Pereyra Caroline Zank Patrick Colombo Marcos R. Bornschein Flavia Netto Sisa Francisco Brusquetti Carlos E. Conte Paulo Nogueira‐Costa Patricia Almeida‐Santos Marcio R. Pie 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2014,112(3):417-441
We present a comprehensive review of larval morphology in the Neotropical toad genus Melanophryniscus. The taxa studied included 23 species with representatives of recognized phenetic groups and different larval ecomorphological guilds: pond, stream, and phytotelm‐dwelling tadpoles. Their external morphology variation is congruent with current phenetic arrangement based on adult features, but also reflects the habitat where larvae develop. Lotic tadpoles (i.e. M. tumifrons group and M. krauczuki) in general exhibit a more depressed body, a longer tail with lower fins, and larger oral discs than lentic forms (i.e. M. stelzneri group, M. moreirae, M. sanmartini, and M. langonei). Despite their peculiar, confined microhabitat, phytotelm larvae do not diverge markedly from non‐arboreal species. The distinctive features of all species are the presence of a pineal end organ and the placement of the intestinal reversal point at the left of the abdomen in typical larval stages. The buccal cavity and musculoskeletal anatomy are quite conserved between species, yet some characteristics differ from those of other bufonids. The presence of one pair of subhyoid muscles is apparently an exclusive trait of Melanophryniscus among Bufonidae. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 112 , 417–441. 相似文献
943.
Ana Carolina Urbaczek Lívia Carolina de Abreu Ribeiro Valdecir Farias Ximenes Ana Afonso Camila Tita Nogueira Wesley Cardoso Generoso Juliana Vieira Alberice Martina Rudnicki Renila Ferrer Luiz Marcos da Fonseca Paulo Inácio da Costa 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(6):748-756
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes approximately 10 different structural and
non-structural proteins, including the envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2). HCV proteins,
especially the envelope proteins, bind to cell receptors and can damage tissues.
Endothelial inflammation is the most important determinant of fibrosis progression
and, consequently, cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the
inflammatory response of endothelial cells to two recombinant forms of the HCV E2
protein produced in different expression systems (Escherichia coli
and Pichia pastoris). We observed the induction of cell
death and the production of nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, interleukin-8 and
vascular endothelial growth factor A in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
(HUVECs) stimulated by the two recombinant E2 proteins. The E2-induced apoptosis of
HUVECs was confirmed using the molecular marker PARP. The apoptosis rescue observed
when the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was used suggests that
reactive oxygen species are involved in E2-induced apoptosis. We propose that these
proteins are involved in the chronic inflammation caused by HCV. 相似文献
944.
Letícia Muraro Wildner Maria Luiza Bazzo Susie Coutinho Liedke Christiane Louren?o Nogueira Gabriela Segat Simone Gon?alves Senna Aline Daiane Schlindwein Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira Darcita B Rovaris Claudio A Bonjardim Erna G Kroon Paulo CP Ferreira 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(3):356-361
The identification of mycobacteria is essential because tuberculosis (TB) and
mycobacteriosis are clinically indistinguishable and require different therapeutic
regimens. The traditional phenotypic method is time consuming and may last up to 60
days. Indeed, rapid, affordable, specific and easy-to-perform identification methods
are needed. We have previously described a polymerase chain reaction-based method
called a mycobacteria mobility shift assay (MMSA) that was designed for
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and nontuberculous mycobacteria
(NTM) species identification. The aim of this study was to assess the MMSA for the
identification of MTC and NTM clinical isolates and to compare its performance with
that of the PRA-hsp65 method. A total of 204 clinical isolates (102
NTM and 102 MTC) were identified by the MMSA and PRA-hsp65. For
isolates for which these methods gave discordant results, definitive species
identification was obtained by sequencing fragments of the 16S rRNA and
hsp65 genes. Both methods correctly identified all MTC isolates. Among
the NTM isolates, the MMSA alone assigned 94 (92.2%) to a complex or species, whereas
the PRA-hsp65 method assigned 100% to a species. A 91.5% agreement
was observed for the 94 NTM isolates identified by both methods. The MMSA provided
correct identification for 96.8% of the NTM isolates compared with 94.7% for
PRA-hsp65. The MMSA is a suitable auxiliary method for routine
use for the rapid identification of mycobacteria. 相似文献
945.
Victor Satler Pylro Luiz Fernando Wurdig Roesch José Miguel Ortega Alexandre Morais do Amaral Marcos Rogério Tótola Penny Ruth Hirsch Alexandre Soares Rosado Aristóteles Góes-Neto Artur Luiz da Costa da Silva Carlos Augusto Rosa Daniel Kumazawa Morais Fernando Dini Andreote Gabriela Frois Duarte Itamar Soares de Melo Lucy Seldin Márcio Rodrigues Lambais Mariangela Hungria Raquel Silva Peixoto Ricardo Henrique Kruger Siu Mui Tsai Vasco Azevedo 《Microbial ecology》2014,67(2):237-241
The Brazilian Microbiome Project (BMP) aims to assemble a Brazilian Metagenomic Consortium/Database. At present, many metagenomic projects underway in Brazil are widely known. Our goal in this initiative is to co-ordinate and standardize these together with new projects to come. It is estimated that Brazil hosts approximately 20 % of the entire world’s macroorganism biological diversity. It is 1 of the 17 countries that share nearly 70 % of the world’s catalogued animal and plant species, and is recognized as one of the most megadiverse countries. At the end of 2012, Brazil has joined GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), as associated member, to improve the access to the Brazilian biodiversity data in a free and open way. This was an important step toward increasing international collaboration and clearly shows the commitment of the Brazilian government in directing national policies toward sustainable development. Despite its importance, the Brazilian microbial diversity is still considered to be largely unknown, and it is clear that to maintain ecosystem dynamics and to sustainably manage land use, it is crucial to understand the biological and functional diversity of the system. This is the first attempt to collect and collate information about Brazilian microbial genetic and functional diversity in a systematic and holistic manner. The success of the BMP depends on a massive collaborative effort of both the Brazilian and international scientific communities, and therefore, we invite all colleagues to participate in this project. 相似文献
946.
Adolfo H. Moraes Daniela Ackerbauer Maria Kostadinova Merima Bublin Guilherme Augusto de Oliveira Fátima Ferreira Fabio C. L. Almeida Heimo Breiteneder Ana Paula Valente 《Proteins》2014,82(11):3032-3042
Beta‐parvalbumins from different fish species have been identified as the main elicitors of IgE‐mediated reactions in fish‐allergic individuals. Here, we report for the first time the NMR determination of the structure and dynamics of the major Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) allergen Gad m 1 and compare them with other known parvalbumins. Although the Gad m 1 structure and accessibility of putative IgE epitopes are similar to parvalbumins in mackerel and carp, the charge distribution at the putative epitopes is different. The determination of the Gad m 1 structure contributes to a better understanding of cross‐reactivity among fish parvalbumins. In addition, the high‐pressure NMR and temperature variation experiments revealed the important contribution of the AB motif and other regions to the protein folding. This structural information could assist the future identification of hot spots for targeted mutations to develop hypoallergenic Ca2+‐free forms for potential use in immunotherapy. Proteins 2014; 82:3032–3042. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
947.
Walter?Santos?de?AraújoEmail author Kleber?do?Espírito-Santo Filho Leonardo?Lima?Bergamini Ramon?Gomes Sérgio?Augusto?Abrah?o?Morato 《Journal of Insect Conservation》2014,18(6):1147-1152
Human-induced habitat change is the main cause of species loss and can have severe effects on plant communities and the associated herbivore fauna. In this study, we investigated the effects of habitat conversion due to mining on communities of galling insects in areas of tropical rainforest in the Brazilian Amazon. We sampled galling insects in the Floresta Nacional de Saracá Taquera, Pará, Brazil, where forest plateaus are used by the Mineração Rio do Norte Group to extract bauxite. Our results show that human-induced habitat change via mining activities increased the local species richness of galling insects. We also found that after impact there was greater species richness of galling insects closer to the forest edge than in the forest interior. Changes in plant physiology and in the diversity of natural enemies in human-modified habitats, along with the endophagous life-form, might account for the high incidence of galling in human-disturbed habitats. This result highlights the importance of understanding how different insect groups respond to human activities, since such idiosyncrasies might have profound effects on the species’ patterns of ecological interactions and in the outcomes of those interactions. 相似文献
948.
José C. Brito Raquel Godinho Fernando Martínez‐Freiría Juan M. Pleguezuelos Hugo Rebelo Xavier Santos Cândida G. Vale Guillermo Velo‐Antón Zbyszek Boratyński Sílvia B. Carvalho Sónia Ferreira Duarte V. Gonçalves Teresa L. Silva Pedro Tarroso João C. Campos João V. Leite Joana Nogueira Francisco Álvares Neftalí Sillero Andack S. Sow Soumia Fahd Pierre‐André Crochet Salvador Carranza 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2014,89(1):215-231
Deserts and arid regions are generally perceived as bare and rather homogeneous areas of low diversity. The Sahara is the largest warm desert in the world and together with the arid Sahel displays high topographical and climatic heterogeneity, and has experienced recent and strong climatic oscillations that have greatly shifted biodiversity distribution and community composition. The large size, remoteness and long‐term political instability of the Sahara‐Sahel, have limited knowledge on its biodiversity. However, over the last decade, there have been an increasing number of published scientific studies based on modern geomatic and molecular tools, and broad sampling of taxa of these regions. This review tracks trends in knowledge about biodiversity patterns, processes and threats across the Sahara‐Sahel, and anticipates needs for biodiversity research and conservation. Recent studies are changing completely the perception of regional biodiversity patterns. Instead of relatively low species diversity with distribution covering most of the region, studies now suggest a high rate of endemism and larger number of species, with much narrower and fragmented ranges, frequently limited to micro‐hotspots of biodiversity. Molecular‐based studies are also unravelling cryptic diversity associated with mountains, which together with recent distribution atlases, allows identifying integrative biogeographic patterns in biodiversity distribution. Mapping of multivariate environmental variation (at 1 km × 1 km resolution) of the region illustrates main biogeographical features of the Sahara‐Sahel and supports recently hypothesised dispersal corridors and refugia. Micro‐scale water‐features present mostly in mountains have been associated with local biodiversity hotspots. However, the distribution of available data on vertebrates highlights current knowledge gaps that still apply to a large proportion of the Sahara‐Sahel. Current research is providing insights into key evolutionary and ecological processes, including causes and timing of radiation and divergence for multiple taxa, and associating the onset of the Sahara with diversification processes for low‐mobility vertebrates. Examples of phylogeographic patterns are showing the importance of allopatric speciation in the Sahara‐Sahel, and this review presents a synthetic overview of the most commonly hypothesised diversification mechanisms. Studies are also stressing that biodiversity is threatened by increasing human activities in the region, including overhunting and natural resources prospection, and in the future by predicted global warming. A representation of areas of conflict, landmines, and natural resources extraction illustrates how human activities and regional insecurity are hampering biodiversity research and conservation. Although there are still numerous knowledge gaps for the optimised conservation of biodiversity in the region, a set of research priorities is provided to identify the framework data needed to support regional conservation planning. 相似文献
949.
C. E. McVey M. J. Ferreira B. Correia S. Lahiri D. de Sanctis Maria Arménia Carrondo P. F. Lindley Isabel de Sá Nogueira Cláudio Manuel Soares Isabel Bento 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2014,19(4-5):505-513
Arabinanase is a glycosyl hydrolase that is able to cleave the glycosidic bonds of α-1,5-l-arabinan, releasing arabino-oligosaccharides and l-arabinose. The enzyme has two domains, an N-terminal catalytic domain with a characteristic β-propeller fold and a C-terminal domain whose function is unknown. A calcium ion, located near the catalytic site, serves to stabilize the N-terminal domain, but it has also been proposed to play a key role in the enzyme mechanism. The present work describes the structure of an inactive mutant of the wild-type enzyme (H318Q) and in which the calcium ion has been adventitiously replaced by nickel. These structural studies, together with functional and modelling studies, clearly support the role of the calcium ion in the overall reaction mechanism. 相似文献
950.
Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e. Alves Rosangela Fernandes Lucena Batista Cecília Cláudia Costa Ribeiro Lilia Blima Schraiber Marco Ant?nio Barbieri Heloisa Bettiol Ant?nio Augusto Moura da Silva 《PloS one》2014,9(12)