全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5197篇 |
免费 | 268篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 67篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 54篇 |
2018年 | 90篇 |
2017年 | 78篇 |
2016年 | 126篇 |
2015年 | 181篇 |
2014年 | 201篇 |
2013年 | 349篇 |
2012年 | 372篇 |
2011年 | 376篇 |
2010年 | 245篇 |
2009年 | 233篇 |
2008年 | 358篇 |
2007年 | 373篇 |
2006年 | 330篇 |
2005年 | 310篇 |
2004年 | 320篇 |
2003年 | 306篇 |
2002年 | 256篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 37篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 55篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 58篇 |
1994年 | 40篇 |
1993年 | 45篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 20篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 30篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1965年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有5467条查询结果,搜索用时 788 毫秒
211.
212.
Miho Ogishima Sachikio Horie Takuma Kimura Tadashi Yamashiro Ikumi Dohzono Lina Kawaguchi Atsushi J. Nagano Masayuki Maki 《Plant Species Biology》2019,34(3):127-137
A recent phylogenetic study based only on chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) variation revealed that populations of an Isodon species are frequently embedded paraphyletically among other Isodon species. This phylogenetic discrepancy between species taxonomy and molecular phylogeny was considered to have resulted from chloroplast DNA captures and/or incomplete lineage sorting. To elucidate which of these factors was mainly responsible for the observed phylogenetic pattern, we performed phylogenetic analyses of multiple populations of Isodon species in Japan using cpDNA variation, three single-copy nuclear genes, and double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq). Although a species often shared chlorotypes with other species, our phylogenetical analyses based on variation in the three single-copy nuclear genes and the ddRAD-seq data showed that most populations belonging to the same species were monophyletic at the species level, suggesting that chloroplast capture may have frequently occurred between Isodon species. Some populations of an intraspecific taxon were embedded paraphyletically within the species, regardless of the large amount of phylogenetic information in nuclear DNA; this incongruity may have resulted from incomplete lineage sorting. 相似文献
213.
Journal of Plant Research - The article Why is chlorophyll b only used in light-harvesting systems. 相似文献
214.
Ogura-Tsujita Yuki Yamamoto Kohei Hirayama Yumiko Ebihara Atsushi Morita Nana Imaichi Ryoko 《Journal of plant research》2019,132(5):581-588
Journal of Plant Research - Mycorrhizal symbiosis between plants and fungi is ubiquitous, and has been played key roles in plant terrestrialization and diversification. Although arbuscular... 相似文献
215.
Tetsuya Hirata Atsushi Kobayashi Tamio Furuse Ikuko Yamada Masaru Tamura Hiroyuki Tomita Yuko Tokoro Akinori Ninomiya Yoshitaka Fujihara Masahito Ikawa Yusuke Maeda Yoshiko Murakami Yasuhiko Kizuka Taroh Kinoshita 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2022,298(3)
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is a posttranslational glycolipid modification of proteins that anchors proteins in lipid rafts on the cell surface. Although some GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs), including the prion protein PrPC, have a glycan side chain composed of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)−galactose−sialic acid on the core structure of GPI glycolipid, in vivo functions of this GPI-GalNAc side chain are largely unresolved. Here, we investigated the physiological and pathological roles of the GPI-GalNAc side chain in vivo by knocking out its initiation enzyme, PGAP4, in mice. We show that Pgap4 mRNA is highly expressed in the brain, particularly in neurons, and mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the loss of the GalNAc side chain in PrPC GPI in PGAP4-KO mouse brains. Furthermore, PGAP4-KO mice exhibited various phenotypes, including an elevated blood alkaline phosphatase level, impaired bone formation, decreased locomotor activity, and impaired memory, despite normal expression levels and lipid raft association of various GPI-APs. Thus, we conclude that the GPI-GalNAc side chain is required for in vivo functions of GPI-APs in mammals, especially in bone and the brain. Moreover, PGAP4-KO mice were more vulnerable to prion diseases and died earlier after intracerebral inoculation of the pathogenic prion strains than wildtype mice, highlighting the protective roles of the GalNAc side chain against prion diseases. 相似文献
216.
Akihiro Kuno Yoshihisa Ikeda Shinya Ayabe Kanako Kato Kotaro Sakamoto Sayaka R. Suzuki Kento Morimoto Arata Wakimoto Natsuki Mikami Miyuki Ishida Natsumi Iki Yuko Hamada Megumi Takemura Yoko Daitoku Yoko Tanimoto Tra Thi Huong Dinh Kazuya Murata Michito Hamada Masafumi Muratani Atsushi Yoshiki Fumihiro Sugiyama Satoru Takahashi Seiya Mizuno 《PLoS biology》2022,20(1)
Genome editing can introduce designed mutations into a target genomic site. Recent research has revealed that it can also induce various unintended events such as structural variations, small indels, and substitutions at, and in some cases, away from the target site. These rearrangements may result in confounding phenotypes in biomedical research samples and cause a concern in clinical or agricultural applications. However, current genotyping methods do not allow a comprehensive analysis of diverse mutations for phasing and mosaic variant detection. Here, we developed a genotyping method with an on-target site analysis software named Determine Allele mutations and Judge Intended genotype by Nanopore sequencer (DAJIN) that can automatically identify and classify both intended and unintended diverse mutations, including point mutations, deletions, inversions, and cis double knock-in at single-nucleotide resolution. Our approach with DAJIN can handle approximately 100 samples under different editing conditions in a single run. With its high versatility, scalability, and convenience, DAJIN-assisted multiplex genotyping may become a new standard for validating genome editing outcomes.Genome editing can introduce designed mutations into a target genomic site, but also into unintended off-target sites. DAJIN, a novel nanopore sequencing data analysis tool, identifies and quantifies allele numbers and their mutation patterns, reporting consensus sequences and visualizing mutations in alleles at single-nucleotide resolution. 相似文献
217.
218.
Kaoru Suzuki Edgar Ingold Munetaka Sugiyama Hiroo Fukuda Atsushi Komamine 《Physiologia plantarum》1992,86(1):43-48
Seeds of Caesulia axillaris Roxb. displayed an absolute light requirement for germination throughout the period of dry storage at 28°C. The seeds were found to show a gradual increase in percent germination with storage time - reaching a maximum value between 8-14 months and then a sharp decline. Percent water uptake and photosensitivity were at maximum after a 5-day imbibition period in the dark in both seedlots studied. Seedlot I, which was only marginally responsive to far-red light, showed a nearly complete red-far-red reversal effect in contrast to seedlot II. The latter also displayed a considerable promotion of germination in far-red light. Interestingly, a noticeable degree of heterogeneity, besides the one observed in both seedlots with reference to red light, was found to exist in seedlot II for far-red light. Exogenous application of nitrate and ammonium, at the levels occurring in soil during seed germination/seedling emergence phase of the plant in nature, promoted a considerable proportion of high Ø-requiring seeds to germinate under irradiation conditions establishing low Ø-value. The probable ecological implication of this reponse has been discussed. Little correlation was found between the requirement for an exogenous supply of nitrate and the endogenous nitrate level in the seeds in their response to far-red light. 相似文献
219.
Cheng X Mihindukulasuriya K Den Z Kowalczyk AP Calkins CC Ishiko A Shimizu A Koch PJ 《Molecular and cellular biology》2004,24(1):154-163
Desmocollin 1 (Dsc1) is part of a desmosomal cell adhesion receptor formed in terminally differentiating keratinocytes of stratified epithelia. The dsc1 gene encodes two proteins (Dsc1a and Dsc1b) that differ only with respect to their COOH-terminal cytoplasmic amino acid sequences. On the basis of in vitro experiments, it is thought that the Dsc1a variant is essential for assembly of the desmosomal plaque, a structure that connects desmosomes to the intermediate filament cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. We have generated mice that synthesize a truncated Dsc1 receptor that lacks both the Dsc1a- and Dsc1b-specific COOH-terminal domains. This mutant transmembrane receptor, which does not bind the common desmosomal plaque proteins plakoglobin and plakophilin 1, is integrated into functional desmosomes. Interestingly, our mutant mice did not show the epidermal fragility previously observed in dsc1-null mice. This suggests that neither the Dsc1a- nor the Dsc1b-specific COOH-terminal cytoplasmic domain is required for establishing and maintaining desmosomal adhesion. However, a comparison of our mutants with dsc1-null mice suggests that the Dsc1 extracellular domain is necessary to maintain structural integrity of the skin. 相似文献
220.