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31.
Kyroudi A Paefthimiou M Symiakaki H Mentzelopoulou P Voulgaris Z Karakitsos P 《Acta cytologica》2006,50(1):63-69
OBJECTIVE: To investigate (1) the feasibility of preparing cell blocks by inverted filter sedimentation (IFS-CB) from endometrial samplings processed by the ThinPrep (TP) technique (Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, Massachusetts, U.S.A.), and (2) the possibility of increasing the diagnostic accuracy of TP endometrial cytology by examining the tissue architecture as an adjunctive method of detecting endometrial lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Three hundred one endometrial samplings were obtained, using the Endogyn endometrial device (Biogyn S. n.c., Italy), from perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The endometrial samplings were collected in a vial with liquid fixative for the TP processing. One TP slide was prepared from each case. If adequate material remained in the vial after the TP slide preparation, it was processed for IFS-CB preparation. RESULTS: IFS-CB preparation was processed in 263 cases (87%) with adequate material. Diagnoses on IFS-CB preparations obtained by endometrial sampling matched those of the hysterectomy specimens. The addition of IFS-CB histology to the cytologic diagnosis by TP increased the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial cytology to 96.3% and 100% for benign/atrophic endometrium and adenocarcinoma, respectively (p = 0.39 and 0.46). In hyperplasia without atypia and hyperplasia with atypia, the diagnostic accuracy increased significantly, to 96% and 95.3%, respectively (p = 0.037 and < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study illustrates the merit of linking TP cytology with direct endometrial sampling, including small tissue fragments and material adequate for IFS-CB preparation. TP cytology provides an accurate cytologic diagnosis and the possibility of IFS-CB preparation, which could be a valuable diagnostic adjunct to TP cytology. 相似文献
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George A. Syrogiannopoulos Ioanna N. Grivea Adnan Al-Lahham Maria Panagiotou Alexandra G. Tsantouli Aspasia N. Michoula Ralf René Reinert Mark van der Linden 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Background
An experimental 26-valent M protein Group A streptococcal (GAS) vaccine has entered clinical studies. Pharyngeal GAS emm type surveillances in different areas and time-periods enhance the understanding of the epidemiology of GAS pharyngitis. Moreover, these surveillances, combined with the data on GAS invasive disease, can play a significant role in the formulation of multivalent type-specific vaccines.Methods
During a 7-year period (1999–2005), 2408 GAS isolates were recovered from consecutive children with pharyngitis in Western Greece. The overall macrolide resistance rate was 22.8%. Along the study period we noted a tendency towards significantly decreased rates of resistance, with the lowest rates occurring in 2002 (15.3%), 2003 (15%) and 2004 (16.7%). A random sample of isolates from each year, 338 (61.7%) of the 548 macrolide-resistant and 205 (11%) of the macrolide-susceptible, underwent molecular analysis, including emm typing.Results
The 543 typed isolates had 28 different emm types. A statistically significant association was found between macrolide resistance and emm4, emm22 and emm77, whereas emm1, emm3, emm6, emm12, emm87 and emm89 were associated with macrolide susceptibility. A significant yearly fluctuation was observed in emm4, emm28 and emm77. The most common macrolide-resistant GAS were emm77 isolates harboring erm(A), either alone or in combination with mef(A), emm4 carrying mef(A), emm28 possessing erm(B), emm75 carrying mef(A), emm12 harboring mef(A) and emm22 carrying erm(A). We estimated that 82.8% of the isolates belonged to emm types included in the novel 26-valent M protein vaccine. The vaccine coverage rate was determined mainly by the increased frequency of nonvaccine emm4 isolates.Conclusions
A limited number of emm types dominated among macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant GAS isolates. We observed seasonal fluctuations, which were significant for emm4, emm28 and emm77. This type of data can serve as baseline information if the novel 26-valent M protein GAS vaccine is introduced into practice. 相似文献33.
Vasiliki Gkretsi Vassilis Papanikolaou Stephanie Dubos Ioanna Papathanasiou Nikolina Giotopoulou Vaia Valiakou Chuanyue Wu Konstantinos N. Malizos Aspasia Tsezou 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2013,430(2):494-499
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease of the joints characterized by cartilage degradation but to date there is no available pharmacological treatment to inhibit disease progression neither is there any available biomarker to predict its development. In the present study, we examined the expression level and possible involvement of novel cell–ECM adhesion-related molecules such as Iintegrin Linked Kinase (ILK), PINCH, parvin, Mig-2 and Migfilin in OA pathogenesis using primary human articular chondrocytes from healthy individuals and OA patients. Our findings show that only ILK and Migfilin were upregulated in OA compared to the normal chondrocytes. Interestingly, Migfilin silencing in OA chondrocytes rather exacerbated than ameliorated the osteoarthritic phenotype, as it resulted in even higher levels of catabolic and hypertrophic markers while at the same time induced reduction in ECM molecules such as aggrecan. Furthermore, we also provide a link between Migfilin and β-catenin activation in OA chondrocytes, showing Migfilin to be inversely correlated with β-catenin. Thus, the present study emphasizes for the first time to our knowledge the role of Migfilin in OA and highlights the importance of cell–ECM adhesion proteins in OA pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Koumoundouros G Pavlidis M Anezaki L Kokkari C Sterioti A Divanach P Kentouri M 《The Journal of experimental zoology》2002,292(6):573-579
The temperature sex determination (TSD) mechanism in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) was studied in respect to: a) the TSD sensitivity during the different developmental stages; and b) the intrapopulation correlation of sex determination with the growth rate up to the end of the TSD-sensitive period. At the stage of half-epiboly, eggs from the same batch were divided into four groups and subjected to different thermal treatments: a) 15 degrees C (G15 group) and b) 20 degrees C (G20 group) up to the middle of metamorphosis stage; c) 15 degrees C up to the end of yolk-sac larval stage and subsequently to 20 degrees C (G15-5 group); and d) 15 degrees C up to the end of the preflexion stage and then to 20 degrees C (G15-10 group). At the end of the treatments, size grading was applied and four additional populations were established from the upper (L) and lower (S) size portions of the G15 and G20 populations: G15L, G15S, G20L, and G20S. During the following growing phase, all populations were subjected to common rearing conditions. The sex ratios of each population were macroscopically determined at 190-210 mm mean total length. Female incidence was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by the different thermal treatments: 66.1% in the G15, 47.1% in the G15-10, 37.6% in the G15-5, and 18.1% in the G20 group. In addition, sex ratio was correlated with the growth rate of the fish up to the end of the TSD-sensitive period, with the larger fish presenting a significantly higher (P < 0.01) female incidence than the smaller fish in both thermal regimes tested: 73.1% in G15L vs. 57% in G15S, and 36.6% in G20L vs. 22.5% in G20S group. Results provide, for the first time, clear evidence that the sea bass is sensitive to TSD during all different ontogenetic stages up to metamorphosis, and that sex ratio is correlated with the growth rate of the fish well before the differentiation and maturation of the gonads. 相似文献
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Karakitsos P Pouliakis A Kordalis G Georgoulakis J Kittas C Kyroudes A 《Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology / the International Academy of Cytology [and] American Society of Cytology》2005,27(1):35-42
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential value of morphometry and neural network tools for discriminating benign from malignant nuclei and lesions of the lower urinary tract. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 33 cases of lithiasis, 41 cases of inflammation, 66 cases of benign hyperplasia of the prostate, 4 cases of carcinoma in situ, 48 cases of grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCCB) and 123 cases of grade 2 and 3 TCCB. Images of routinely processed voided urine smears stained by the Giemsa technique were analyzed by a custom image analysis system. Analysis of the images gave a data set of features from 31,158 nuclei. A radial basis function (RBF)-type neural network was employed to discriminate benign from malignant nuclei, based on the extracted morphometric and textural features. Subsequently a second RBF classifier was employed to discriminate benign from malignant cases. The nuclei from 156 randomly selected cases (50% of total cases) was used as a training set, and the nuclei from the remaining 159 cases made up the test set. Similarly, in an attempt to discriminate at the patient level, the same 156 cases were used to train an RBF classifier; the remaining 159 cases were used for the test set. The cases used for training and testing the 2 classifiers (nuclear and patient level) were the same for the 2 kinds of classifiers. RESULTS: Application of the RBF classifier permitted the correct classification of 93.64% of benign nuclei and 85.61% of malignant, giving an overall accuracy of 84.45%. At the patient level the RBF classifier permitted an overall accuracy of 94.97%. These results were on the test sets. CONCLUSION: The role of nuclear morphologic features in the cytologic diagnosis of lower urinary tract alterations was confirmed by the results of this study. The observed overlap in feature space indicates that the nuclear characteristics do not form strictly separate clusters; that fact explains the difficulty morphologists have with reproducible identification of nuclei from the lower urinary tract. Application of RBF offers good classification at the nuclear and patient level and promises to become a powerful tool for everyday practice in the cytologic laboratory. 相似文献
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Lorenz Hasler Demetrios Ghanotakis Bettina Fedtke Aspasia Spyridaki Mette Miller Shirley A. Müller Andreas Engel Georgios Tsiotis 《Journal of structural biology》1997,119(3):273-283
Oxygen evolving photosystem II (PSII-OEC) complexes and PSII core complexes were isolated from spinach and the thermophilic cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. OD24 and characterized by gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and absorbance spectroscopy. The mass of the core complexes was determined by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and found to be 281 ± 65 kDa for spinach and 313 ± 52 kDa forSynechococcussp. OD24. The mass of the spinach PSII-OEC complex was 327 ± 64 kDa. Digital images of negatively stained PSII-OEC and PSII core complexes were recorded by STEM and analyzed by single particle averaging. All monomeric complexes showed similar morphologies and were of comparable length (14 nm) and width (10 nm). The averages revealed a pseudo-twofold symmetry axis, which is a prominent structural element of the monomeric form. Difference maps between the averaged projections of the oxygen evolving complexes and the core complexes from both species indicated where the 33-kDa extrinsic manganese stabilizing protein is bound. A symmetric organization of the PSII complex, with the PsbA and the PsbD proteins in the center and symmetrically arranged PsbB and PsbC proteins at the periphery of the monomeric complex, is proposed. 相似文献
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The yeast flora associated with healthy and Botrytis-infected grapes was assessed. Molecular identification methods assigned isolates to six genera and nine species. For the first time Hanseniaspora opuntiae was encountered as an inhabitant of the grape ecosystem. By using DraI, an informative restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern was generated to distinguish H. opuntiae from the closely related organism Hanseniaspora guilliermondii. Botrytis infection resulted in a larger population and greater diversity of yeasts enriched with fermentative or spoilage species. 相似文献
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Yeast Community Structures and Dynamics in Healthy and Botrytis-Affected Grape Must Fermentations
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Aspasia A. Nisiotou Apostolos E. Spiropoulos George-John E. Nychas 《Applied microbiology》2007,73(21):6705-6713
Indigenous yeast population dynamics during the fermentation of healthy and Botrytis-affected grape juice samples from two regions in Greece, Attica and Arcadia, were surveyed. Species diversity was evaluated by using restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses of the 5.8S internal transcribed spacer and the D1/D2 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) regions of cultivable yeasts. Community-level profiles were also obtained by direct analysis of fermenting samples through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 26S rDNA amplicons. Both approaches revealed structural divergences in yeast communities between samples of different sanitary states or geographical origins. In all cases, Botrytis infection severely perturbed the bioprocess of fermentation by dramatically altering species heterogeneity and succession during the time course. At the beginning and middle of fermentations, Botrytis-affected samples possessed higher levels of biodiversity than their healthy counterparts, being enriched with fermentative and/or spoilage species, such as Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Issatchenkia spp. or Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii and Kazachstania sp. populations that have not been reported before for wine fermentations. Importantly, Botrytis-affected samples exposed discrete final species dominance. Selection was not species specific, and two different populations, i.e., Saccharomyces cerevisiae in samples from Arcadia and Z. bailii in samples from Attica, could be recovered at the end of Botrytis-affected fermentations. The governing of wine fermentations by Z. bailii is reported for the first time and could elucidate the origins and role of this particular spoilage microbe for the wine industry. This is the first survey to compare healthy and Botrytis-affected spontaneous fermentations by using both culture-based and -independent molecular methods in an attempt to further illuminate the complex yeast ecology of grape must fermentations. 相似文献