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271.
D. Mukesh R. S. Iyer J. S. Wagh A. A. Mokashi A. A. Banerji R. V. Newadkar H S Bevinakatti 《Biotechnology letters》1993,15(3):251-256
Summary Lipase catalysed transesterification of castor oil with n-butanol gives mono and diglycerides, and butyl esters. n-Butanol is found to inhibit this reaction. Its amount influences the reaction rate and product distribution. Increasing the enzyme quantity increases the reaction rate and alters the product distribution. 相似文献
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Xiaoying Shen Haili Tang Charlene McDanal Kshitij Wagh William Fischer James Theiler Hyejin Yoon Dapeng Li Barton F. Haynes Kevin O. Sanders Sandrasegaram Gnanakaran Nick Hengartner Rolando Pajon Gale Smith Gregory M. Glenn Bette Korber David C. Montefiori 《Cell host & microbe》2021,29(4):529-539.e3
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275.
Summary Catalase in yeast cells is rendered thermolabile on permeabilization using organic solvents or any process of immobilization that eventually permeabilizes the cells. A stable immobilized catalase preparation can be obtained only if yeast cells are immobilized in an intact or viable form. 相似文献
276.
Yu Jin Hwang Seung Jae Hyeon Younghee Kim Sungsu Lim Min Young Lee Jieun Kim Ashwini M. Londhe Lizaveta Gotina Yunha Kim Ae Nim Pae Yong Seo Cho Jihye Seong Hyemyung Seo Yun Kyung Kim Hyunah Choo Hoon Ryu Sun-Joon Min 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2021,36(1):856
The present study describes evaluation of epigenetic regulation by a small molecule as the therapeutic potential for treatment of Huntington’s disease (HD). We identified 5-allyloxy-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinoline (APQ) as a novel SETDB1/ESET inhibitor using a combined in silico and in vitro cell based screening system. APQ reduced SETDB1 activity and H3K9me3 levels in a HD cell line model. In particular, not only APQ reduced H3K9me3 levels in the striatum but it also improved motor function and neuropathological symptoms such as neuronal size and activity in HD transgenic (YAC128) mice with minimal toxicity. Using H3K9me3-ChIP and genome-wide sequencing, we also confirmed that APQ modulates H3K9me3-landscaped epigenomes in YAC128 mice. These data provide that APQ, a novel small molecule SETDB1 inhibitor, coordinates H3K9me-dependent heterochromatin remodelling and can be an epigenetic drug for treating HD, leading with hope in clinical trials of HD. 相似文献
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Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a growing class of biotherapeutics in which a potent small molecule is linked to an antibody. ADCs are highly complex and structurally heterogeneous, typically containing numerous product-related species. One of the most impactful steps in ADC development is the identification of critical quality attributes to determine product characteristics that may affect safety and efficacy. However, due to the additional complexity of ADCs relative to the parent antibodies, establishing a solid understanding of the major quality attributes and determining their criticality are a major undertaking in ADC development. Here, we review the development challenges, especially for reliable detection of quality attributes, citing literature and new data from our laboratories, highlight recent improvements in major analytical techniques for ADC characterization and control, and discuss newer techniques, such as two-dimensional liquid chromatography, that have potential to be included in analytical control strategies. 相似文献
279.
Most bacteria are able to generate sufficient amounts of ATP from substrate level phosphorylation, thus rendering the respiratory oxidative phosphorylation non-critical. In mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation is an essential process. Of the two types of NADH dehydrogenases (type I and type II), the type II NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh) which is inhibited by phenothiazines has been thought to be essential. In M. tuberculosis there are two Ndh isozymes (Ndh and NdhA) coded by ndh and ndhA genes respectively. Ndh and NdhA share a high degree of amino acid similarity. Both the enzymes have been shown to be enzymatically active and are inhibited by phenothiazines, suggesting a functional similarity between the two. We attempted gene knockout of ndh and ndhA genes in wild type and merodiploid backgrounds. It was found that ndh gene cannot be inactivated in a wild type background, though it was possible to do so when an additional copy of ndh was provided. This showed that in spite of its apparent functional equivalence, NdhA cannot complement the loss of Ndh in M. tuberculosis. We also showed that NdhA is not essential in M. tuberculosis as the ndhA gene could be deleted in a wild type strain of M. tuberculosis without causing any adverse effects in vitro. RT-PCR analysis of in vitro grown M. tuberculosis showed that ndhA gene is actively transcribed. This study suggests that despite being biochemically similar, Ndh and NdhA play different roles in the physiology of M. tuberculosis. 相似文献
280.
Mode of action of lipoic acid in diabetes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Metabolic aberrations in diabetes such as hyperglycemia, ketonemia, ketonuria, reduced glycogen in tissues and reduced rates
of fatty acid synthesis in the liver are corrected by the administration of lipoic acid. Dithiol octanoic acid is formed from
lipoic acid by reduction and substitutes for Coenzyme A in several enzymatic reactions such as pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate
synthase, acetyl Coenzyme A carboxylase, fatty acid synthetase, and triglyceride and phospholipid biosynthesis; but not in
the oxidation of fatty acids because of the slow rates of thiolysis of β-keto acyl dithioloctanoic acid. The overall effect
of these changes in the key enzymic activities is seen in the increased rates of oxidation of glucose and a reduction in fatty
acid oxidation in diabetes following lipoic acid administration. 相似文献