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排序方式: 共有365条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
41.
42.
Merabova N Kaminski R Krynska B Amini S Khalili K Darbinyan A 《Journal of cellular physiology》2012,227(8):3119-3127
An indispensable role for oligodendrocytes in the protection of axon function and promotion of neuronal survival is strongly supported by the finding of progressive neuron/axon degeneration in human neurological diseases that affect oligodendrocytes. Imaging and pathological studies of the CNS have shown the presence of neuroaxonal injury in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating disease of the CNS, resulting from destruction of oligodendrocytes upon productive replication of the pathogenic neurotropic polyomavirus JC. Here, we examined the extracellular factors involved in communication between oligodendrocytes and neurons. Culturing cortical neurons with conditioned medium (CM) from rat CG4 oligodendrocytic cells that express the JCV agnoprotein showed that CXCL5/LIX, which is a chemokine closely related to the human CXCL5/ENA78 and CXCL6/GCP-2 chemokines, is essential for neuronal cell survival. We found that in CM from agnoprotein-producing CG-4 cells level of CXC5/LIX is decreased compared to control cells. We also demonstrated that a reduced expression of CXCL5/LIX by CG4 GFP-Agno cells triggered a cascade of signaling events in cortical neurons. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3) pathways showed that they are involved in mechanisms of neuronal apoptosis in response to the depletion of CXCL5/LIX signaling. These data suggest that agnoprotein-induced dysregulation of chemokine production by oligodendrocytes may contribute to neuronal/axonal injury in the pathogenesis of PML lesions. 相似文献
43.
Saadat M Khalili M Nasiri M Rajaei M Omidvari S Saadat I 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2012,419(1):117-119
The main aim of the present study was to investigate the association between several genetic polymorphisms (in glutathione S-transferase members and DNA repair genes) and clinical response to chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. A sequential series of 101 patients were prospectively included in this study. Clinical assessment of treatment was accomplished by comparing initial tumor size with preoperative tumor size using revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Clinical response was regarded as a response or no response. There was no difference between non-responders and responders for the prevalence of genotypes of the study polymorphisms. 相似文献
44.
F. Baghbani-arani F. Roohvandv M. R. Aghasadeghi A. Eidi S. Amini F. Motevalli S. M. Sadat A. Memarnejadian G. Khalili 《Molecular Biology》2012,46(2):226-235
Genome of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) contains a long open reading frame encoding a polyprotein that is cleaved into 10 proteins.
Recently, a novel, so called “ARFP/F”, or “core+1,” protein, which is expressed through a ribosomal frame shift within the
capsid-coding sequence, has been described. Herein, to produce and characterize a recombinant form of this protein, the DNA
sequence corresponding to the ARFP/F protein (amino acid 11–161) was amplified using a frame-shifted forward primer exploiting
the capsid sequence of the lb-subtype as a template. The amplicon was cloned into the pET-24a vector and expressed in different
Escherichia coli strains. The expressed protein (mostly as insoluble inclusion bodies) was purified under denaturing conditions on a nickel-nitrilotriacetic
acid (Ni-NTA) affinity column in a single step with a yield of 5 mg/L of culture media. After refolding steps, characterization
of expressed ARFP/F was performed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot assay using specific antibodies. Antigenic properties of the
protein were verified by ELISA using HCV-infected human sera and by its ability for a strong and specific interaction with
sera of mice immunized with the peptide encoding a dominant ARFP/F B-cell epitope. The antigenicity plot revealed 3 major
antigenic domains in the first half of the ARFP/F sequence. Immunization of BALB/c mice with the ARFP/F protein elicited high
titers of IgG indicating the relevance of produced protein for induction of a humoral response. In conclusion, possibility
of ARFP/F expression with a high yield and immunogenic potency of this protein in a mouse model have been demonstrated. 相似文献
45.
Nicol AF Lapa e Silva JR Cunha CB Amaro-Filho SM Oliveira N Grinsztejn B Friedman RK Khalil R Russomano F Pires A Golub JE Nuovo GJ 《PloS one》2012,7(4):e32936
Background
Minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) are highly expressed in actively replicating cells. The need for biological markers for cervical carcinoma and its precursor lesions is emerging. Our main aim was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of MCM-2 in HIV-positive and -negative dysplastic cervical specimens.Methods
Immunohistochemical analysis of MCM-2 was performed in a total of 352 cervical TMA specimens of normal control, low-grade CIN, high-grade CIN and invasive tumor. 38 specimens were from HIV-positive women. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the best cutoff to diagnose high-grade CIN and invasive cervical cancer.Results
In the progression from normal epithelium to high-grade CIN and invasive tumor we found significant differences in the MCM-2 expression (p<0.05). Based on the ROC curve of 80% with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78, expression of MCM-2 to diagnose high-grade CIN and invasive tumor resulted in sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 66%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 86% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 57%. HIV-positive cervices revealed a decreasing expression of MCM-2 in both LGCIN and HGCIN compared with HIV-negative specimens (p<0.0001).Conclusions
The present study suggests that immunohistochemical MCM-2 may not be a promising biomarker for diagnosing high-grade CIN and invasive cancer. 相似文献46.
Lithium preparations are commonly used drug in treating mental disorders and bipolar diseases, but metal's cytotoxic mechanisms have not yet been completely understood. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of lithium in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Lithium cytotoxicity were associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release into the hepatocyte cytosol. All of the mentioned lithium-induced cytotoxicity markers were significantly (P?0.05) prevented by ROS scavengers, antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability transition pore sealing agents and adenosine triphosphate generators. Hepatocyte glutathione (GSH) was also rapidly oxidized and GSH-depleted hepatocytes were more resistant to lithium-induced oxidative stress markers. This suggests that lithium is activated by GSH. Our results also showed that CYP2E1 is involved in lithium oxidative stress mechanism. Lithium cytotoxicity was also associated with mitochondrial injuries initiated by increased ROS formation resulted from metal-CYP2E1 destructive interaction or metal-induced disruption of mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Methyl donors such as betaine, methionine, or folic acid prevented lithium cytotoxicity, and this suggests that this metal is detoxified by phase II metabolic methylation. In conclusion lithium-induced cytotoxicity could be attributed to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. 相似文献
47.
48.
Darbinian N Darbinyan A Czernik M Peruzzi F Khalili K Reiss K Gordon J Amini S 《Journal of cellular physiology》2008,216(1):128-134
Infection with HIV-1 causes degeneration of neurons leading to motor and cognitive dysfunction in AIDS patients. One of the key viral regulatory proteins, Tat, which is released by infected cells, can be taken up by various uninfected cells including neurons and by dysregulating several biological events induces cell injury and death. In earlier studies, we demonstrated that treatment of neuronal cells with Tat affects the nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling pathway involving MAPK/ERK. Here we demonstrate that a decrease in the level of Egr-1, one of the targets for MAPK, by Tat has a negative impact on the level of p35 expression in NGF-treated neural cells. Further, we demonstrate a reduced level of Egr-1 association with the p35 promoter sequence in NGF-treated cells expressing Tat. As p35, by associating with Cdk5, phosphorylates several neuronal proteins including neurofilaments and plays a role in neuronal differentiation and survival, we examined kinase activity of p35 complexes obtained from cells expressing Tat. Results from H1 kinase assays showed reduced activity of the p35 complex from Tat-expressing cells in comparison to that from control cells. Accordingly, the level of phosphorylated neurofilaments was diminished in Tat-expressing cells. Similarly, treatment of PC12 cells with Tat protein or supernatant from HIV-1 infected cells decreased kinase activity of p35 in these cells. These observations ascribe a role for Tat in altering p35 expression and its activity that affects phosphorylation of proteins involved in neuronal cell survival. 相似文献
49.
50.
Gary Parkinson Simon Gaisford Qian Ru Alastair Lockwood Ashkan Khalili Rose Sheridan Peng T. Khaw Steve Brocchini Hala M. Fadda 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2012,13(4):1063-1072
We are developing tablet dosage forms for implantation directly into the subconjunctival space of the eye. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, ilomastat, has previously been shown to be efficacious at suppressing scarring following glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS). We report on the physical characterisation of ilomastat which is being developed for ocular implantation. Since ilomastat is being considered for implantation it is necessary to examine its polymorphs and their influence on aspects of the in vitro drug release profile. X-ray powder diffraction identified two polymorphs of ilomastat from different commercial batches of the compound. Tablets were prepared from the two different polymorphs. Isothermal perfusion calorimetry was used to show that amorphous content is not increased during tablet formulation. The melting points of the two polymorphs are 188 and 208°C as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Utilising single crystal X-ray diffraction, the structural conformations and packing arrangements of the different polymorphs were determined. The orthorhombic crystal crystallised as a monohydrate while the second monoclinic crystal form is non-solvated. Ilomastat tablets prepared from the two different solid forms exhibited similar drug release profiles in vitro under conditions mimicking the aqueous composition, volume and flow of the subconjunctival space after GFS. This suggests that a reproducible dose at each time point during release after implantation should be achievable in vivo with ilomastat tablets prepared from the two polymorphs identified. 相似文献