全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1740篇 |
免费 | 127篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 67篇 |
2020年 | 42篇 |
2019年 | 40篇 |
2018年 | 51篇 |
2017年 | 57篇 |
2016年 | 71篇 |
2015年 | 91篇 |
2014年 | 98篇 |
2013年 | 148篇 |
2012年 | 142篇 |
2011年 | 142篇 |
2010年 | 83篇 |
2009年 | 58篇 |
2008年 | 95篇 |
2007年 | 81篇 |
2006年 | 69篇 |
2005年 | 73篇 |
2004年 | 65篇 |
2003年 | 46篇 |
2002年 | 35篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 7篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1869条查询结果,搜索用时 640 毫秒
11.
12.
Summary During an earlier investigation, microtubules were observed at the periphery of invasion processes in the developing syncytial tapetum ofTradescantia virginiana L. They were also associated with membranous sacs that accumulate adjacent to tetrads, with putative fusion sites where the tapetal plasmodium is initiated, and, in postmeiotic stages, with the perispore membrane that encloses the developing spore cells. Colchicine was administered to developing flower buds to investigate the roles of these microtubules. The results indicate that microtubules neither initiate nor guide the tapetal invasion of the loculus. The treatments, however, resulted in absence of cell coat from invasion processes and prevention of cell fusion. They also inhibited polarized migration of membrane sacs and removed the associated microtubules. The development of an organized secretory apparatus at the perispore membrane was disrupted, with subsequent disordered deposition of sporopollenin in the extracellular spaces of the partially-fused plasmodium. The results suggest that microtubules participate in the formation and internal spatial organization of the tapetal plasmodium, and establishment of a secretory surface that normally produces sporopollenin at the tapetum-microspore interface. 相似文献
13.
Hentriacontane, β-sitosterol and ursolic acid have been isolated from roots of Boerhaavia diffusa (Linn). 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
The ability to withstand thermal stress in a laboratory population of the blowflyLucilia cuprina (measured as per cent adult survival following varying periods of exposure to elevated temperature up to a maximum of 48°C)
was in the order pupa > larva > adult. Pre-exposure to a mild heat shock (37°C) induced tolerance to temperatures which were
otherwise lethal. An analysis of heat shock-induced protein synthesis during development at similar elevated temperatures
presented patterns corresponding to the above observations on thermotolerance. The induced level of synthesis of major heat
shock proteins (viz., 79, 69, 28, 20 and 19 kDa) were greater in larval tissues than in most of the adult tissues except gonads.
The response varied between young (2 days) and old (30 days) adults in a tissue-specific manner. In general, heat shock protein
69 kDa was most abundant in all the tissues studied. Control as well as heat shocked Malpighian tubules of adults uniquely
showed two major [35S]methionine labelled bands corresponding to approximately 62 and 64 kDa. Immunoblots showed the 62 kDa protein to cross react
with an antibody againstHelioihis HSP60. Although the synthesis of the 62 kDa polypeptide was prominent only in Malpighian tubules of adult blowflies, nearly
equal levels of this HSP60 family polypeptide were present in all tissues (control as well heat shocked) except the larval
salivary glands. 相似文献
17.
Archana Sachdev Monica Sharma R. P. Johari S. L. Mehta 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》1995,4(1):33-36
The strain BYT-1, capable of utilizing ODAP/DAP as a sole source of nitrogen and carbon was identified as Psuedomonas stutzeri by various microbial and biochemical tests. Transformation experiments showed that the ODAP utilizing property Is encoded by the plasmid. Restriction of plasmid DNA with Pstl, followed by cloning of fragments and screening of ODAP containing medium, led to the isolation of a clone with insert size of ?3.3 kb, which encoded ODAP metabolizing property. The growth and ODAP/DAP utilization by this clone (TB) was almost similar to that of the wild type strain. 相似文献
18.
Soft, nodular and hard types of calli were initiated on mature zygotic embryo explants of two tetraploid clones of Costus speciosus, of which, only the hard calli were amenable to morphogenetic responses. The two clones differed in their growth regulator requirements both for the initiation of calli and for shoot regeneration. De novo formation of both shoot bud meristems and somatic embryoids were observed. Latter were encased partially or fUlly by coleoptilar sheath. Embryoids could be isolated as discrete units. On maturity, a stock like appendage developed from the base and finally embryoids got detached from the subtending tissue. Both shoot-bud meristems and somatic embryoids developed into complete plantlets, the former upon sequential transfer of calli on Schenk and Hildebrandt’s (SH) basal medium containing lower levels of growth hormones, while the latter only on basal medium. These culture regenerants were subsequently transferred to the field. The morphogenetic behaviour of these two tetraploid clones reflects their marked genotypic difference inspite of their same ploidy status. 相似文献
19.
Manganese in cell metabolism of higher plants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Manganese, a group VII element of the periodic table, plays an important role in biological systems and exists in a variety of oxidation states. The normal level of Mn in air surrounding major industrial sites is 0.03 μg/m3, in drinking water 0.05 mg/liter and in soil between 560 and 850 ppm. Manganese is an essential trace element for higher plant systems. It is absorbed mainly as divalent Mn2+, which competes effectively with Mg2+ and strongly depresses its rate of uptake. The accumulation of Mn particularly takes place in peripheral cells of the leaf petiole, petiolule and palisade and spongy parenchyma cells. Mn is involved in photosynthesis and activation of different enzyme systems. Mn deficiency may be expressed as inhibition of cell elongation and yield decrease. Mn toxicity is one of the important growth limiting factors in acid soils. Plant tops are affected to a greater extent than root systems. The toxicity symptoms are, in general, similar to the deficiency symptoms. Toxic effects of Mn on plant growth have been attributed to several physiological and biochemical pathways, although the detailed mechanism is still not very clear. Higher O2 uptake and loss of control in Mn activated enzyme systems have been associated with Mn toxicity. Mn interferes with the uptake, transport and use of several essential elements including Ca, Fe, Cu, Al, Si, Mg, K, P and N. Excess of Mn reduces the uptake of certain elements and increases that of others. pH plays an important role in Mn uptake. Acidic pH causes a lack of substantial amount of nitrate as an alternative electron acceptor and leads to a high amount of Mn in leaves. High microbial activity, water logging and poorly structured soils cause severe Mn toxicity even in neutral soils. The molecular mechanism of Mn-tolerance is not yet clear. The level of tolerance is different in different species and seems to be controlled by more than one gene. Further information is required on the factors affecting the distribution, accumulation and membrane permeability of the metal in different plant parts and different species. Understanding of the genetic basis of Mn-tolerance is necessary to improve adaptation of crops against acid soils, water logging and other adverse soil conditions. 相似文献
20.
Effects of localized low (2.5 Gy) and high (10 Gy) levels of gamma irradiation on the testis of albino rats were studied. A marked increase in the testicular total lipid, phospholipid and cholesterol content was observed at all post-treatment intervals except at 16 weeks where the contents decreased. A significant decrease in the activity of acid phosphatase/g of testis was seen at both the doses, the minimum value being at 4 weeks. The decrease in acid phosphatase activity is correlated with the state of germ cell population in seminiferous tubule which is found to be depleted at 4 week interval. The alkaline phosphatase activity/g testis however, showed a significant increase, the maximum being at 4 weeks post-treatment. Thereafter, the values of the enzyme activity showed a slight recovery at 16 weeks post-irradiation. ATPase activity increased initially followed by a significant decrease at all post-treatment intervals. 相似文献